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Xishi wears a veil to hide her beauty as she goes to the river to wash the silk she and her mother will sell. Her beauty is widely talked about in the village, and she receives unwanted attention unless she hides her face. As she walks, she notices the destruction and sorrow still left behind by the Wu armies that conquered her Yue kingdom years ago.
At the river’s edge, she sees an injured little girl being chased by a Wu soldier intent on killing her for stealing a pear. Xishi remembers her own little sister Susu’s murder at the hands of the Wu and throws a rock, breaking the man’s nose. He moves to kill Xishi but is stopped by an elegant, handsome man who easily defeats and chases away the Wu soldier. The stranger asks Xishi to help the girl with her wounds, which Xishi does. He praises her skill, integrity, and courage. She gives him silk in gratitude for saving her life. She goes home and cooks for her parents, the usual pain in her chest acting up. When her father comes home from chopping wood, she notices his kindness despite the pain he feels in his body. She looks out at her partially destroyed village and feels as if the world is waiting for something momentous to happen, but she doesn’t know what.
There is a knock at the door early in the morning, and Xishi’s mother is cautious when she finds a handsome stranger of high status asking to come in. It is Fanli, political and military advisor to King Goujian of Yue. Xishi recognizes him as the man who saved her the day before. Everyone in Yue has heard of him and his reputation is for being incorruptible, pure, and intelligent. He is looking for Xishi, and over tea he tells the family that King Goujian is looking for a woman of unmatched beauty to be a tribute bride for King Fuchai of the Wu Kingdom. While there, she would act as a spy and pass information about the Wu to the Yue. Xishi is horrified at the idea but listens as he describes the danger of the job and the intensive training she would receive. There would be a second tribute from the village who has already agreed to go as a palace lady. He tells Xishi that if she is successful, she will save the Yue kingdom and alter history. He assures her that her parents will be well taken care of, but she must charm the king and win his trust. She realizes that Fanli is the first person who actually needs her rather than wants her. She thinks of all the suffering she sees around her, including her sister’s death, all caused by the Wu, and decides to go. She is sad to leave her family but thrilled to learn that the other young woman Fanli mentioned is her best friend Zhengdan. Zhengdan is expected to marry soon, but she would much rather become a spy and fight for her kingdom. Xishi reflects on her friend’s fierce nature and skill in fighting despite not being allowed to train formally. During the initial war against the Wu, she tried to fight in place of her father and was devastated when she received news of his death at the hands of General Ma. This finalizes Xishi’s decision. She walks around at night taking in the house and watching her parents sleep, already looking toward the day ahead.
Xishi meets Fanli and Zhengdan by the river and ensures good treatment of her parents before they leave. Fanli again promises her that the Yue will remember her and her sacrifice. They ride through the night to a cottage where King Goujian is waiting, disguised in plain clothes. His attitude is hard and dismissive of the women. When he finally looks at Xishi, he comments that she is indeed beautiful enough to trap Fuchai. When she replies to his question about the Wu with hatred in her voice, he says to Fanli that she will be perfect. A guard named Luyi takes them to their quarters and asks what they think of the king, encouraging them to share confidence. He warns them not to mention Goujian’s defeat at the hands of Fuchai and notes that Fanli is rarely in an agreeable mood. Xishi feels homesick and misses her parents but is quickly distracted as they go to the dining room. The food is beautiful, but Fanli admonishes them for their table etiquette: They are doing everything wrong, and such mistakes will get them killed at court. They work until they understand the basics, and Fanli reminds them that they will be watched at all times.
Fanli says that Xishi’s emotions are too visible on her face. To her embarrassment, he notes that he can even tell when she is thinking of him. To be a good spy, she will need to change this habit. When she tries to smile against her feelings, Fanli laughs for the first time she remembers. He tells her that her body is a weapon she must control. Zhengdan is excited as Fanli noticed her hands and could tell immediately that she has been training with a sword. Rather than scold her, he decides to instruct her properly. That night, Xishi has her usual nightmare of her sister’s death where they attempt to hide in the closet while the Wu ravage their house. Susu panics and runs out only to be cut down by a solider. Xishi wakes up in a panic with a peaceful Zhengdan next to her. Xishi renews her vow of revenge.
Xishi and Fanli meet daily by the lotus pond. His clothes make him look like both a god of war and a poet. He and the guard Luyi talk about assassins wanting to kill the women. Fanli gives Xishi a guqin, a long, flat, stringed instrument. Fanli plays while he asks what the sounds remind her of. Xishi recounts poetic images of nature, impressing Fanli. When she says, “happiness for somebody you cannot have” (56), he pauses and looks at her. When he puts his arms around her to demonstrate how to play, she is glad he can’t see her face. She insists on practicing until her fingers are bloody, wanting to prove that she is more than a pretty face. They settle into a routine of training. In the morning, the women practice music, dance, etiquette, and mealtime rituals. In the afternoon they learn poetry, politics, and history. Fanli mentions a man named Wu Zixu, who is the advisor to King Fuchai. He is suspected of using Wu politics to exact revenge on the Chu, who executed his father. He is the person Xishi will need to be most wary of. That night Zhengdan wonders out loud if Fanli has a lover or if he will devote his entire self to the kingdom. She says he is too selfless to take a lover and be happy. This in turn makes Xishi unhappy.
The first five chapters of the novel establish Xishi’s life before the palace, specifically showing the constantly disrupted peace of her daily existence and the deadly threat of the Wu soldiers. The Yue kingdom is under prolonged military occupation by the rival Wu kingdom, and this condition of oppression and violence motivates Xishi to seek revenge. By showing how war affects working-class people in these opening chapters, the novel sets up Xishi’s later revelation about The Fruitless Destruction of War. The destroyed town and the suffering of innocent citizens give Xishi reason to join a handsome stranger on a mission that seems both out of character and over her head. This working-class world also contrasts with the palace and Xishi’s life at court, illustrating the degree of cultural literacy and performative skill Xishi must develop in order to succeed at court.
The protagonist and those closest to her are introduced in this section through Xishi’s first-person narration. Xishi is based on a legendary figure, a woman who has often been depicted as both an archetype of beauty and an embodiment of misogynistic stereotypes about feminine duplicity. By telling this story in the first person, Jiang allows Xishi to claim agency over her own story. By showing Xishi’s natural compassion and humanity in the first chapter, Jiang ensures that the character doesn’t appear in a negative light for taking a mission that requires dishonesty. The supporting characters and their functions are also introduced in the first five chapters. Zhengdan, her best friend, is quickly established to be Xishi’s foil—her opposite in action and temperament. Her quick outbursts of fury and her skill in physical combat create a contrast to Xishi’s calm, graceful beauty. Fanli is likewise introduced early as a cold but charismatic love interest. Xishi’s face is hidden when Jiang first meets her, giving him an opportunity to admire her for her character rather than her beauty. Jiang proves he is a worthy love interest for Xishi because he sees her as a person rather than simply a pretty face.
At this point in the novel, Xishi is unaware of Beauty as a Source of Power. Fanli, who is much more experienced in politics and war, recognizes immediately that her beauty can be used as a weapon against the Wu kingdom. She is willing to sacrifice herself and her happiness for the mission and the Yue kingdom, and while she thinks she has a grasp on the realities of war, she is only seeing it from her limited individual perspective. Not having left her village, she doesn’t yet understand how war affects the wider range of humanity. This naïve perspective allows ample room for development as the novel progresses. Xishi’s position as a spy allows her to cross boundaries of class and kingdom, such that her perspective widens until she has a much more complete understanding of The Fruitless Destruction of War.
Water operates as a motif both in this novel and in traditional stories of Xi Shi. In the novel, as in those traditional stories, water reflects Xishi’s beauty. In the novel, it also reflects her pain and the danger she places herself in to help others. The first few chapters make this clear, as she is distressed and afraid while trying to save a child next to the water. In this moment of danger, she hears water rushing in her ear—a symbol of danger throughout the novel. Her memories and stress trigger her recurring chest pains—another motif borrowed from the legend, used here to indicate negative emotions. Jiang begins the novel with a focus on both these motifs as symbols of Xishi’s emotional stress. Later, they serve to indicate Xishi’s distress to the reader even after she’s learned to hide her emotions.



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