54 pages 1-hour read

A Well-Behaved Woman: A Novel of the Vanderbilts

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Part 2, Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of sexual content and gender discrimination.

Part 2: “Her Second Act”

Part 2, Chapter 5 Summary

The day of the masked ball arrives. Alva dresses as a Venetian princess. She is wearing a diamond peacock brooch that she will only wear once because “once a lady had displayed such a piece, a second display would be considered common” (233). Lady C. dresses like a duchess from a Van Dyck painting. Alva jokes they look like “Dark and Light, the two sides of nature” (234). Alva considers giving out wine to the crowds of people outside in the street, hoping for a glimpse of the glamour inside. Lady C. advises her that “they despise” her because of her wealth.


The party is a success. Alice Vanderbilt, Corneil’s wife, arrives costumed as Electric Light, an homage to the fascinating new invention. Alva’s mother-in-law is very skeptical of electricity and refuses to have it in her home. Alice’s young daughter, Gertrude, tells Alva she wishes she could dress like Sinbad, like her brother. Oliver Belmont arrives with his new wife, Sallie. They do not seem like a happy couple. Alva notes that Sallie appears to have had some “Vin Mariani” (cocaine soda). Finally, Mrs. Astor arrives. Alva finds Mrs. Astor a gracious guest.


Alva runs into Oliver on the stairs. He tells her that his marriage is a nightmare, and he is unhappy. He attempts to kiss Alva, and she rejects him. As she walks away, she thinks that “he was a good man but a lost one” (249).

Part 2, Chapter 6 Summary

Alva dreams of a man kissing her. She awakes to find Mary in her room with the morning’s paper reporting Alva’s successful ball. She wants to share the news with Lady C., but her friend cannot be found. A little later, Lady C. comes in, and Alva shares the good news with her. They talk about the ball, but Lady C. seems somewhat distracted and out-of-sorts. She tells Alva that her marriage is not a happy one. She tells Alva, “I’m no saint” (256). She asks Alva if she has a secret, and Alva blushes.


News of Alva’s ball is published across the country. She receives letters from admirers—and critics, who accuse her of spending lavishly when “so many are going hungry” (257). Alva also receives a letter from Oliver, along with a bunch of gardenias, connoting “secret love.” In the letter, he confesses his love for her.


Mary tells Alva that Oliver and Sallie never consummated the marriage. When Sallie announced she was pregnant from an affair, Oliver decided to sue for divorce on the grounds of desertion. Alva is shocked. She writes a reply to Oliver’s letter, firmly but kindly insisting that there was no possibility of a romantic relationship because she “would lose everything” if she risked having an affair (261).


A few days later, after perfunctory sex, William thanks Alva for helping win his family’s place in society with her ball. Alva is surprised and flattered by his attention.


That December, Alva, now 30 years old, discovers she is once again pregnant.

Part 2, Chapter 7 Summary

Two years later, Alva’s father-in-law, Mr. Vanderbilt, dies suddenly of a heart attack. Alva sits in Alice’s overstuffed salon while their husbands meet with the lawyers to learn what their father has left them in the will. Their daughters, young Consuelo and Gertrude, talk in German in a corner. Alva tells Alice she wants to find a new governess for Consuelo; she wants Consuelo’s German to improve more rapidly, as she might marry Consuelo off to a German speaker. Alice retorts that she would not marry her daughters to a foreigner and tells Alva she is expecting again. Alva wonders, “[W]hen Corneil was striving above her, was Alice lying there feeling virtuous?” (270). They speculate on how Mr. Vanderbilt has divided his fortune. Gertrude intervenes to complain about how unfair it is that “the men are the ones who manage everything” (271). Alice reprimands her, and the girls are sent away.


A few hours later, the men emerge from their meeting with the lawyer. George, the youngest son, is upset and storms out. He feels that he was not left a fair proportion of the estate, as he was only willed the farm in Staten Island. William tells Alva that he was given $65 million. Alva is stunned. However, despite having one of the largest fortunes in the world, Alva is still not content.


William buys an enormous yacht that he christens Alva. On their maiden voyage, they pass the Statue of Liberty. When Alva tells the children, Consuelo, William (“Willie”), and young Harold that “it’s the people’s statue” representing equality, William grows annoyed that she is talking about “politics” (281).


That evening at a dinner party, Ward McAllister tells Alva that he is writing a book about the rules of society. He invites her to a party to celebrate the publication on October 21.

Part 2, Chapter 8 Summary

The day of Ward’s party, Alva receives a copy of his book. William tells her that the book was poorly reviewed in the New York Times. The critic mocks Ward for his role as a socialite and party planner. William tells Alva that she is forbidden to attend Ward’s party, as Ward is now seen as a “laughingstock.” Alva argues and tells him that she is going to stand by her friend.


That evening, Alva goes down to get the carriage to the party, but the coachman says he has been forbidden to drive her there. William forces Alva to go to dinner at his brother Corneil’s house instead. He tells her that his youngest brother, George, has an announcement to make. Alva reluctantly concedes.


George Vanderbilt is 28 and unmarried. He devotes himself to running the family farm and caring for their mother. He tells the family that he intends to build an enormous estate in Asheville, North Carolina, complete with a castle (later known as the Biltmore estate). The family is shocked, but Alva admires his ambition.


Ward’s social standing plummets after the publication of his book. Mrs. Astor tells Alva they have to cut him out of their social circle because he “sold [them] out for his personal gain” (304). Alva reluctantly follows suit for her own “self-preservation.”

Part 2, Chapters 5-8 Analysis

A Well-Behaved Woman is a work of historical fiction that incorporates both fictionalized examples of real historical phenomena and accurate details derived from the real historical record. The combination of these two things gives the work depth and verisimilitude, and the second half of Part 2 contains examples of both of these approaches.


One way in which the narrative fictionalizes real historical events is through its representation of Alva’s position in society from an outside perspective. The majority of A Well-Behaved Woman is a domestic drama focused closely on Alva’s personal experience in her marriages. However, Alva Vanderbilt and the Vanderbilt family were the celebrities of their day. The press was fascinated by every aspect of their lives—and deaths. This public perspective is hinted at periodically throughout the narrative, as when Alva is disgusted by the presence of reporters eagerly awaiting news of the Commodore’s will. The public’s view of Alva is also revealed through fictionalized “excerpts” from letters Alva periodically receives, such as after news of her “Great Fancy Dress Ball” spreads (257). These letters range from touching notes of support and admiration to angry notes commenting on Alva’s “immoral” decision to spend on “frivolities […] when so many are going hungry” (257). These letters, although fictional, are representative of the kinds of letters the real Alva would have received as a public figure. They also illustrate the economic inequality of the Gilded Age. While people like Alva threw extravagant parties, others suffered in poverty. As focused as Alva is on Using One’s Privilege to Support Progressive Politics, the experiences of the poor who lived in the same city are marginalized in a narrative focused on her life. Through these fictionalized letters, however, the narrative contextualizes Alva’s experience and its place in the larger world from outside perspectives.


Fowler also includes real details from the historical record in her narrative. For instance, Alva’s costume ball was a real event that dominated news headlines of the day, and her sister-in-law Alice Vanderbilt did go to the ball dressed as Electric Light. Her costume was designed by Charles Worth, and it creates a sparkling effect through the use of silver and gold brocade, beads, and pearls. Today, it can be found in the collection of the Museum of the City of New York. Fowler uses these real details as the basis for fictional embellishments. For instance, it is unlikely that Corneil’s claim that Alice “consulted with Mr. [Thomas] Editor deliberately on the design” is true (238), but it is resonant with the rumors that circulated about this famous dress in 1883.


The ball also marks a pivotal moment in Alva’s character arc and the narrative, as it ensures that she and the Vanderbilts ascend to the heights of New York society. However, seven years later, the man who helped Alva in her scheme for the ball, Ward McAllister, found himself shunned by elite society after he published a book, Society as I have Found It (1890), about their lives. As Mrs. Astor states, “To put one’s friends up publicly, for profit, as objects of gossip and derision, is unforgivable” (304), and his ostracization is complete and unrelenting. The rise of Alva and the fall of Ward McAllister illustrate the strict Gatekeeping and the Policing of Respectability in the elite society of the Gilded Age.

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