38 pages 1-hour read

Alas, Babylon

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1959

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapters 5-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 5 Summary

Randy wakes to his couch shaking. At the window, he thinks he sees a sun setting and a sun rising at opposite ends of the sky. Two nuclear explosions have woken him. The bombs hit Homestead and the Miami airport.


Randy hears aircraft and sees another explosion with a mushroom cloud. He calls Dan Gunn. A shock wave hits the house. Ben starts filling pails with water. Randy drives and sees a dead woman on the road. He drives by her at first, thinking that only his family matters, but then stops and verifies that she is dead of a broken neck.


Back in the car, Randy hears a broadcast declaring a red alert. He is skeptical for the moment. Mark has told him that news will be inaccurate and lagging until Phase Two—mopping up after the initial attack.


Traffic is heavy on the edge of town. Randy goes to the Riverside Inn. People in the lobby are complaining and trying to get the staff to make flight reservations. Dan Gunn is staying on the second floor. His room is empty.


Randy hears arguing in the hall: It is Jennings, the inn’s manager, and John Garcia. John’s wife is there in the hall, about to give birth. Jennings says she can’t. Jennings tells Randy that Gunn is helping in room 244. Randy slaps Jennings and sends John’s wife into a room to lie down. Randy tells Dan that he thinks Mark’s daughter Peyton is blind now, because she looked directly at one of the explosions.


Garcia’s wife thinks she can have the baby at home, so Gunn says he will follow the Garcias there. He gives Randy sedatives for Peyton. Traffic is worse outside. News reports mention evacuated cities.


Randy sees a chain gang on the side of the road as he drives. They are armed convicts who rebelled against the guards when the bombs hit. He sees Florence going to work and worries that she might run into the convicts.


Florence feels important on her way to work. She speeds past the convicts. At work, her customers ask her for news of their messages and money orders. She replies that only defense messages are getting through.


Quisenberry wants to send a telegram to the Atlanta branch of the Federal Reserve, asking for guidance. Florence says they can’t communicate with anyone north of Jacksonville. She messages a Jacksonville branch, but the message is cut off as another bomb hits. Jacksonville is gone.


The bank is a mess, and the townspeople have withdrawn all their money. Quisenberry accepts the circumstances. He tells his cashier not to cash out bonds or travelers checks. The bank’s balance is down to $145,000. Quisenberry locks the cash drawers in the vault and closes the bank. The sixty remaining customers stare at him.


Gas and provisions in Fort Repose vanish. Stores lining the highways are emptied. Many people leave their cities only to find that their destinations have vanished. Weapons disappear from stores.


On the way home, Quisenberry stops for gas. The attendant takes pity on him and gives him three gallons from a drum. At home, there is a note from Henrietta saying that she has gone to get groceries. Quisenberry resolves to die as a banker. He believes that a life in which money is worthless is pointless. He puts a pistol to his temple and fires it, killing himself.

Chapter 6 Summary

The day of the attack, which will come to be known simply as The Day, is not over. In future years, no one would call it a war, because it was over so quickly. Randy carries a transistor radio but there is no news until a message from Civil Defense Headquarters comes on. Mrs. Josephine Vanbruuker-Brown is now the Acting Chief Executive. Before The Day she was a cabinet secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. She says that America has responded to the attacks in kind, but must anticipate further strikes. She declares martial law and says she is the only surviving Cabinet member.


Randy goes upstairs to sleep while Helen goes to town for supplies and ammunition for Randy’s guns. Randy wakes up to find that four hours have passed. Helen returns with her son, Ben Franklin, and Dan Gunn, who has come to check Peyton’s eyes. Peyton can see now, but her vision is clouded. Dan says he has seen multiple heart attacks, several miscarriages, and three suicides that day alone, including Quisenberry’s suicide. Tallahassee refugees have brought radiation to the town. A news bulletin reminds them not to drink milk because it may carry fallout poisoning. Dan leaves Randy and Helen an emergency kit, and Randy gives Ben a .22 rifle in case he needs it to protect himself or others.


Randy wants to talk to Admiral Hazzard, who lives by the Henrys. Two days after Admiral Hazzard retired, his wife died. Now his hobby is to listen to a short-wave radio. Helen and Randy go to his house. Hazzard has the radio on an ASW—Anti-submarine warfare—frequency. He thinks Vanbruuker-Brown was speaking from Denver. He thinks much of Europe is gone. There is a bright flash as the power supply for the county is hit by another attack. The lights go out and The Day ends.

Chapter 7 Summary

The destruction of the power plants ends electricity and refrigeration. Water pumps and bathrooms stop working. Ben says they are out of water because Peyton flushes the toilet every time she uses it. Randy remembers the artesian well and thinks maybe he can pipe water in from the grove. They walk to the Henry land. Randy asks Preacher Henry if Two-Tone and Malachai can help him. It takes two hours to pipe the water to Randy’s house. Later, the neighbors extend the water pipes from the Henry house to Hazzard’s and Florence’s houses.


The family’s meat spoils without refrigeration. Randy goes to town to find jars to store salted meat in. He talks to Pete Hernandez, who manages the supermarket, and gives Pete two hundred dollars for a pound of salt, because the store’s supply has been sold out and looted and salt is now a rare commodity.


Randy finds mason jars at Beck’s hardware. While heading through town, he sees Dan’s car at the Medical Arts building. Cappy Foracre, the Chief of Police, is on the floor outside the examination room, his head blown apart. Dan tells Randy that six addicts broke in and killed Cappy during a fight. They beat up Doctor Jim Bloomfield, who also died. Randy tells Dan to come home with him and join his household on River Road. That night they eat steak with Admiral Hazzard and the McGoverns.


There are now hourly news warnings, and Randy keeps everyone inside. A news broadcast announces the cities and states now known as Contaminated Zones. Florida and Omaha are on the list. Randy knows that Mark is probably dead.


On the sixth day the Riverside Inn burns. Dan goes to care for the few survivors. On the ninth day, Lavinia McGovern, Lib’s mother, dies because the lack of refrigeration has destroyed her insulin. Most diabetics in Fort Repose die around the same time. Alice brings the news to the Bragg household, and Randy tells Helen that they’ll have to ask Lib and Bill McGovern to stay with them.


Randy has assumed leadership of his neighbors, but Bill doesn’t want to leave his home and is deeply discouraged after his wife’s death. Randy talks him into joining the Bragg household by saying that Bill is good with machines and that they are going to need his skills. They bury Lavinia on the McGovern property, and take turns digging the grave. Lib says the house can be her mother’s monument.


Ben Franklin arrives and says something has happened at Florence’s house: He heard her scream. When they arrive, her cat, Sir Percy, has eaten one of her birds, Anthony. Randy declares that only the strong survive.

Chapter 8 Summary

Four months after The Day, Randy shaves with a knife. He misses tobacco but not alcohol. He misses coffee the most. Dan tells him about a bad dream. The next day is what used to be tax day. In Dan’s dream, he hadn’t paid his income tax and someone chased him.


Randy learns that someone, or something, is stealing the Henrys’s chickens. Randy thinks his household need to help protect them. He tasks Ben Franklin and Caleb, Missouri’s son, with guarding the food supply in shifts.


Medical mysteries multiply. Dan tells Randy there are three cases of radiation poison in town. Porky Logan was first, then Bill Cullen and Peter Hernandez. Dan can’t figure out where the radiation could be coming from. He goes to Bill Cullen’s fish camp, café, and bar because Bill’s wife says Bill’s hands are leaking puss. Bill smells terrible, he is losing his hair, and his eyes are sunken.


Alice keeps the library open. People always come to read, even though they weren’t interested in reading before the attacks, and their presence gives Alice a new sense of purpose in her work.


Randy goes to the trading grounds He has a bottle of scotch to trade for two pounds of coffee. There is an ad for a Sunday Easter service. A man named Hocksetter says he heard that the Russians want America to surrender, but they have no idea who won the war. A beekeeper named Jim Hickey gives Randy honey for the kids and doesn’t ask for the scotch in return. Randy is touched.


Randy and Dan got to Pistolville, a slum where huts are made of garbage. Randy wants to help the people there but doesn’t know how. This is still America, and he can’t stand to see Americans living in such conditions.


Next they visit Rita Hernandez, Pete’s sister and Randy’s ex-girlfriend. Her Mediterranean and Caribbean heritage make her stand out to Randy among the white residents of Fort Repose. Randy describes her as being a collector of men. Rita answers the door carrying a shotgun. She says someone killed her dog with an axe handle and then probably ate her. Randy imagines someone eating his own dog, Graf.


Randy remembers drinking with Rita, and being attracted to her. Randy is tougher now and tells her that her claws are out of him. Rita’s house is filled with objects, like an auction house. She says she’s keeping everything to sell it after the war. She shows Randy a ring Porky Logan gave her. Dan sees a discolored band of skin on her finger when she takes the ring off. He is alarmed when she says it itches. She says that Porky traded many items to her, including the multiple watches Pete is now wearing. Dan tells Pete to take the watches off. Dan tells Rita she has been exposed to radiation.


Dan and Randy visit Porky Logan. He is dead, and has a case of jewelry in his lap. Dan knows the jewelry is radioactive. He and Randy write a warning sign in spray paint on the garage door to keep others away from the house, then visit Bill, whom the jewelry has also contaminated.

Chapters 5-8 Analysis

These four chapters show the quick, progressive breakdown of order in Fort Repose. The town is a microcosm of the country as a whole. Despite the constant talk of nuclear warfare during the Cold War, Alas, Babylon shows an America that was unprepared for the event. Even though Mark had knowledge of the strike through the American military, bombs destroy the government stronghold of Washington, D.C. before the President and other high-ranking officials can escape. The result is a world where power structures and conventions are suddenly absent or askew.


The descriptions of the nuclear explosions are poetic and historic in scope, particularly at the moments when the lights fail: “The lights went out, and in that moment civilization in Fort Repose retreated a hundred years” (196). The metaphor of time travel suggests that the war resets of the clock to an earlier age. The initial part of the conflict has ended: Russia struck with nuclear weapons and America retaliated. Now, “The struggle was not against a human enemy, or for victory. The struggle, for those who survived The Day, was to survive the next” (169).


Each of the major characters is featured reacting to the new world. Randy proves that he will not be the shiftless, unmotivated man Florence takes him for in the first chapter. He sees that order will inevitably break down and begins thinking of steps to keep control of their small society. He resolves to see Mark’s family and the McGoverns through the crisis. Likewise, Florence and Alice prove themselves to be people of greater substance than their earlier scenes suggested. Faced with existential threat, they go to their jobs to see if they can help people while there is still time. They serve as contrast to Edgar Quisenberry, who also reports for duty on the final day before the bombs fall, but who kills himself rather than bravely facing the aftermath. He does not think about the role he might serve in Fort Repose after a nuclear attack; he has never been selfless and does not begin to think altruistically now. Over the course of the novel, the aftermath of the attacks reveals the most authentic qualities in people. Some rise to the occasion and others fail.


Chapters seven and eight contrast the structured order of the Bragg property to the rest of Fort Repose. When the Henrys agree to let Randy run the water supply to other people’s houses, they introduce Frank’s theme that a community is interdependent, and that cooperation will be the key to the town’s survival. Contrast their situation with the chaos of Fort Repose. Randy will give several monologues in the novel about the survival of the fittest and how nature culls the weak. The rest of Fort Repose proves to be weak. Quisenberry is an obvious example, although he ends his life by choice. Helen’s mother dies of diabetes in the sudden absence of proper medical care. Nature, Frank suggests, is now selecting the people who are strong enough to survive the fall of civilization.


Randy’s visit to the marketplace highlights the problem of scarcity in Fort Repose. It is immediately apparent that many people are completely unprepared for the attacks and lack provisions of any kind for more than the immediate future. Scarcity raises the value of commonplace items. Items that exist solely for pleasure—for instance, coffee and alcohol—command a high premium because no one wants to give them up. The people of Fort Repose have no idea if supply lines will ever return to normal. They are loath to part with something like coffee because there is a chance that they will never see more of it.


Rita’s hoarding of the contaminated jewelry shows that the calamity has not cured people of their worst impulses. She and Porky Logan have placed everyone at risk by gathering and distributing items tainted by radioactive fallout. Jewelry is the ultimate—and useless—luxury in post-apocalyptic Fort Repose. People have no money to buy it and no reason to wear it, when there are no more events or places to show off luxury items.


The scene with Florence’s animals, and Randy’s reaction to it, foreshadow the savagery that is coming to Fort Repose. Following a “survival of the fittest” logic, the final five chapters explore who will be prey and who will be predator in a landscape of resurging nature and crumbling infrastructure.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Unlock all 38 pages of this Study Guide

Get in-depth, chapter-by-chapter summaries and analysis from our literary experts.

  • Grasp challenging concepts with clear, comprehensive explanations
  • Revisit key plot points and ideas without rereading the book
  • Share impressive insights in classes and book clubs