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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of sexual violence and harassment, rape, graphic violence, physical abuse, mental illness, and emotional abuse.
Klimt and Egon frequently draw their models, and these drawings symbolize their control and exploitation. Klimt prefers to draw his models nude and in sexual positions; he can demand this because the young women he sketches depends on him for financial survival. Wally is so used to this being required of her—“[Klimt] likes to draw us pleasuring ourselves […] I am an expert at that pose” (8)—that she even offers to pose the catatonic Judith in a sexual position for Klimt. This illustrates the degree to which she has internalized the power imbalance of modeling.
Egon’s sketches push the boundaries of his power to enact his every desire, exploiting the vulnerable for his art. He is introduced as having been kicked out of his house for drawing his sister in compromising positions. When he finds Judith naked, he immediately demands to draw her despite her lack of consent: “Maestro, may I borrow a sketch pad and an oil crayon? That drowned girl is nude in your drawing studio being licked dry by cats. I’ve never seen such a thing. I must get a sketch” (61). He abuses Wally when he draws her in Krumau in dehumanizing and demeaning positions, and he sketches the village girl Tatiana, who’s only 12 years old, in a sexually suggestive pose with “her dress unbuttoned and pulled just off her shoulders” (211).
Even when the sketches aren’t sexual, they are still a form of power. When Klimt offers to draw Kruger, he makes the otherwise commanding man insecure about his appearance: “Kruger twisted the ends of his great mustache self-consciously and brushed his eyebrows with his thumb, and it seemed to Klimt he might have even blushed” (227). Klimt distracts Kruger from his suspicion about Klimt and Judith with a drawing, which further illustrates the close relationship between sketches and control.
Choking in self-defense symbolizes autonomy. Judith has a history of choking men who mistreat her and others. When she finds Egon physically forcing Wally into a pose that hurts her, Judith instinctively grabs him by the throat, shouting, “Never hurt her! Never!” (201). Judith resents Egon’s assault because it robs Wally of autonomy. Judith chokes him to restore Wally’s safety. By interfering with Egon’s breathing, Judith shows her physical power over his life and death.
The scene reminds Judith of sex work clients she choked in Amsterdam. She deployed the maneuver in response to being harmed: “One hurt me, once, so I choked him until he stopped. From then on, if anyone hurt me, I choked them” (204). Although Judith engaged in sex work, she maintained her selfhood by meeting violence with violence. Complicating this is the fact that some of the men Judith choked enjoyed it sexually, transforming her bid for autonomy into another form of sex work.
Wally learns to use choking to protect herself from Judith. She begins choking Egon when he disrespects her, and when Walton tries to convince Judith to supply him with her blood, Wally offers to do the same to him: “I don’t like the way he’s looking at you. Is he propositioning you? Can I choke this one? He’s so old he looks like he’s made of paper” (296). Wally wants to defend Judith like Judith defended her, cutting off the air supply of a potential abuser.
Judith’s scars serve as a motif of Objectification and Bodily Autonomy. The thin lines that cover her body are the result of Adam’s attempts to ruin her beauty by disfiguring her. Like Adam, who tried to inscribe his version of Judith onto her exterior form, other men also project their own ideas onto her scars. When Klimt first finds Judith in the canal, he finds her skin aesthetically compelling: “In life you would never have seen the lines […] because she would never have been this color in life” (3). He views the scars as a sign of Judith’s unique beauty, and the version of Judith that he creates his own mind as an untouchable woman. Klimt does not allow Judith to define her body as she sees fit; rather, he imposes his creative vision onto her as a beautiful prop for his art.
Jung also ascribes meaning to Judith’s scars, ignoring her memory of Adam and instead suggesting his own interpretation: “you have experienced great trauma, great pain, and your suppression of those experiences is so deep that you have constructed a fanciful narrative that has allowed you to give a context for them that is separate from the reality we share now” (318). Jung believes that Judith’s been harmed, but he doesn’t believe Judith’s description of how her scars came to be. Jung reads Judith’s story via the lens of his psychoanalytical beliefs, creating a false pathologized version of a woman whose autonomy he has a hard time accepting.



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