57 pages • 1-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide contains discussions of racism, mental illness, child abuse, child death, suicidal ideation, graphic violence, animal cruelty, and death.
Coraline “Cora” Zeng is the protagonist of the book, with the story closely following her perspective. She is a young Chinese American woman, and at the start of the book she is living in New York City with her half-sister, Delilah. Cora and Delilah’s father is Chinese, and he currently lives in China; Cora’s mother, who is white and American, joined a cult some years ago. The only other family Cora has in the city that she is in touch with are her maternal and paternal aunts, Aunt Lois and Auntie Zeng, respectively. Cora was working the front desk of the Met but lost this job in the pandemic; sometime after Delilah’s death, she takes up a job cleaning crime scenes in Chinatown alongside Harvey and Yifei.
At the beginning of the book, Cora is an extremely timid and fearful woman, with a number of behaviors that she believes make her odd and different from those around her, such as her obsessive need for cleanliness. Cora’s aloofness is exacerbated by Delilah’s loss, as Cora was largely dependent on Delilah, and having to move through the world without her sister makes Cora feel less confident and unsure of being able to handle herself in social situations. Thus, even though she works alongside Harvey and Yifei every single day, she only truly begins to open up to them after the “hungry ghost” appears. Furthermore, the trauma of having witnessed Delilah’s grotesque death still hangs over Cora, and she relives some of this trauma through recurrent nightmares. Her grief and trauma, complemented by her mental health issues, thus sap Cora’s confidence and strength.
Over the course of the story, however, Cora changes. With the arrival of the “hungry ghost” in her life, Cora is shaken out of her inertia. She is both forced to face her own trauma, as well as propelled to action when she realizes how many around her are equally weighed down by tragedies of their own. Cora, who believed she was unique in both her oddness and her tragic experiences, discovers not only that other people in her life, like Yifei and Harvey, have faced similar challenges, but that people from her community at large have been targeted and victimized in recent times. As the mystery surrounding the murders unravels, Cora moves from despondent grief over Delilah’s death to justified rage over the deaths of all the other East Asian women in the city. Cora thus moves from isolation to connectedness with the others around her, triggered by the appearance of the “hungry ghost.”
This, ultimately, is Cora’s character arc, which mirrors the progression of the theme of Folk Ritual as Pathway to Healing from Grief. Reconnecting with her Chinese heritage and learning to work with the ghosts instead of fearing them proves crucial both to solving the murders and her own healing. Her ability to eventually let go of the past and take action is significant, reinforced by how she is the only one of the cleaning crew trio who survives. Harvey, who never quite opened up about his past, and Yifei, who was perpetually haunted by hers, meet grisly ends; by contrast, Cora’s embracing of the ghosts in her life is symbolic of how she eventually faces and moves through her past trauma and tragedy, making it out to the other side.
Harvey Chen is a young, Chinese American man whom Cora befriends when they start working together on crime scene clean-ups in the pandemic. Harvey’s uncle, who also owns a dry-cleaning service, runs the crime scene clean-up work.
Of the trio, Harvey is most light-hearted and fun-loving. He routinely tries to flirt with the girls, though Yifei shuts him down. He is also unfazed by the blood and gore that they deal with every day, having been desensitized to it by the video games he grew up playing. However, despite his easygoing exterior, Harvey is also sensitive and serious. After having accidentally killed a bat at one of the crime scenes, Harvey insists that they hold a funeral for it; once he learns about Cora’s “hungry ghost,” he brainstorms ways to help her solve the problem. It is also Harvey who first pieces together the mystery behind the murders, though he is killed before he can tell the other two.
Harvey is also hiding a dark past, one that he refuses to talk about. He once mentions being locked in his father’s basement for endless periods of time, and he later confesses to Cora about having seen a ghost in that same basement. However, Harvey never opens up any further to either Cora or Yifei, and this becomes a thorough line for his character—he stops just short from anyone learning the entire truth of what he has faced. Cora and the reader never discover why Harvey was locked in the basement, or how the ghost in his basement met her end; similarly, Harvey is not allowed to reveal the truth of what he learned about the murders, as he meets his end before then. His hesitation in opening up about his past becomes his defining trait, and it is reflected even in his death.
Yifei Liu makes up the third member of the cleaning crew trio. She is a Chinese woman born and raised in a village in China, which she fled for the city after her parents were killed by her younger sister, who also attempted to kill Yifei. Born without a name, “Yifei” is the name she later adopted for herself, naming herself after an actress she saw on TV.
Of the three, Yifei is the fiercest and most outspoken character, and geared towards action. She initiates contact with the reporter and is visibly furious when the reporter fails to follow through. Similarly, when she learns of Cora’s “hungry ghost,” she is the one who takes the initiative on both the subway station plan, and the feast they later prepare for the dead.
Yifei is selective of the company she keeps—she lives with an American roommate, Paisley, to whom she pretends she cannot speak English. However, Yifei is particularly protective of Cora. Despite being a largely private person who prefers to keep her own company, Yifei welcomes Cora in when the latter goes to her for comfort and advice about the “hungry ghost.”
However, like Harvey, Yifei, too, meets an end that mirrors her enduring character trait—her insistence on running from her past. Until the very end, Yifei doesn’t tell anyone about what happened with her family; it is only when she believes she is about to die that she opens up to Cora about the past with her sister, and more to establish what she regards as her own selfishness than to confront and process this trauma. Thus, Yifei dies the same way she lived, trying to run away from something: She is killed when the car crashes as she and Cora are driving away from the city.
Delilah Zeng is Cora’s half-sister who appears only in the first chapter of the book, where she is murdered at the subway station. Following this, she appears largely in Cora’s memories and recollections; the “hungry ghost” is assumed to be Delilah for most of the book, but is eventually revealed to be Yuxi He, one of the many murder victims in the city.
Delilah’s character is not independently fleshed out in the book. She exists largely as a plot device to kick off the incidents in the book, and to explain Cora’s grief and trauma. Cora’s relationship with Delilah is implied to be a complicated one, especially in her death—Cora is resentful of Delilah’s abandonment of her by dying, but also of the fact that she was planning on leaving Cora and moving to China while she was alive. Delilah was the one who took charge of things and Cora leaned on her, which heightens Cora’s sense of isolation. Delilah’s death also gives rise to feelings of guilt in Cora, as she neither could prevent Delilah’s death, nor initially did enough to find Delilah’s killer.
In the larger context of the book, Delilah becomes yet another example of The Invisibility and Erasure of Marginalized Victims. Her death is the result of a hate crime, and despite its horrific nature, it goes unsolved; Delilah becomes yet another forgotten victim of the widespread violence enacted upon East Asian women in the book.
Aunt Lois and Auntie Zeng are Cora’s maternal and paternal aunts, respectively. Aunt Lois is a white American woman and a devout Christian, who insists on seeing Cora at church every Sunday in exchange for helping pay off Cora’s student loan. Auntie Zeng similarly demands Cora’s presence at her place every month, but it is to ensure that Cora is well enough to continue living alone.
Aunt Lois’s conditional acceptance and tolerance of Cora is contrasted by the warmth and true concern that Auntie Zeng extends towards Cora. This contrast is emphasized by the cultural divide and the racist undertones in Aunt Lois’s attitude towards Cora and her experiences: She remains unaware of, or unwilling to acknowledge and validate, the challenges Cora faces because of her race, urging Cora to “forgive” the people who treat her poorly, including Delilah’s killer. Her privilege as a white woman sees her contributing to the invisibility and erasure that Cora and her community experience.
Auntie Zeng, on the other hand, offers Cora both the security and the help that she needs in the face of all the dangers she experiences. She is the one to take Cora in, help protect her from the “hungry ghosts,” and attempts to appease them through offerings and rituals. In this manner, Auntie Zeng’s character is a foil to Auntie Lois and contributes to the theme of Folk Ritual as Pathway to Healing from Grief.



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