53 pages 1-hour read

Tola Rotimi Abraham

Black Sunday

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Part 1, Chapters 1-4Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “How to Be a Stupid Girl in Lagos”

Black Sunday opens in 1996 with Bibike’s—a school-aged girl and twin sister to Ariyike—perspective telling the story of how her “twin sister and I were almost stupid girls once” (4).


On the walk home from school, they stop for a snack. Unafraid to talk to strangers, Ariyike asks a man for directions. Bibike, who thinks this is dangerous, implies this is the moment they were “almost stupid girls” (4), saying, “Here, take this microphone. Announce to all the world that we are two girls who don’t know the way home” (5). Nonetheless, Ariyike relays the directions she was given, and the two find a bus.


After seeing public school kids jeer at two girls asking for money, Bibike thinks how they remind her of a set of twin boys. She explains that the traditional Yoruba twin names are “Taiwo” and “Kehinde,” which was another way to refer to twins beyond their given names. Because there was a set of twin boys in her and Ariyike’s school, the girls were referred to as “Girl Taiwo” and “Girl Kehinde,” with the latter sometimes shortened to “Girl Kenny.” Bibike notes that she hated being called “Girl Kenny.” However, because she was the younger twin, she was Kehinde and Ariyike was Taiwo.


Orisa ibeji—the god of twin births—is the second born but still the elder because he “sent his younger one to be born first to confirm by loud crying that the world was fit for him” (8). Her grandmother believes these stories, but Bibike’s mother does not. Bibike enjoys the “idea of a god who knows what it’s like to be a twin (8).


The sisters get on the bus. When they get home, their parents sit them down and explain that their mother had been fired because her boss, the Minister of Petroleum, had also been let go.


Later, Bibike tells her brothers the story of a woman who bought two hens; however, on the way home, the woman tires of holding everything she is carrying and lets one of the hens go. Months pass, and the woman walks down the same road. There, she sees the hen she had released walking with a row of chicks and is able to identify it by the piece of fabric on its leg. The woman chases the hen, who runs to the king’s palace. The hen relays that she was cast aside. The king decides the woman gets the oldest of the hen’s chicks, but otherwise the hen is free.


While she talks to her brothers, Bibike’s parents fight, which ends with their mother crying and their father comforting her. Bibike tells the boys about the time she saw a thief burned to death and after they sleep, she talks to Ariyike. She tells her about a girl who dressed as a boy and was killed because people believe that the “boy” is a thief. The two girls cry together, and Bibike says “this was how I knew that she felt all things that I felt, and we did not sleep at all that night because we were the same sad the same angry the same afraid” (20)

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary: “New Church”

“New Church” is told from Ariyike’s point of view and spans 1998 and 1999 in the family’s lives.


Ariyike tells Bibike to stop singing along with Jennifer Lopez because “Jesus is coming” (21) and music like that isn’t appropriate. Bibike laughs, which is unusual since she is often quiet. Ariyike explains that her pastor, Pastor David, said the rapture is coming soon. Bibike disagrees, saying it’s unfair of God to speak only to Pastor David.


Their mother started a new job as a teacher and is acting differently than before she was fired from her previous job. Father doesn’t say anything about it; he is often working on starting his own businesses. Because he is home more, he is the “favorite parent” (24).


Mother tells Bibike and Ariyike about how “worldly music” (27) is bad. Ariyike starts to cry because she is afraid of failing God. She also believes she can hear the voice of God and that “[i]t sounded like an old man speaking softly in the distance. I did not know, in the way Pastor David apparently did, how to decipher what the voice was saying. But I believed that someday I, too, would understand His voice” (27).


Ariyike met Pastor David when he came to the school to ask the principal about using the assembly space. She started going to his church and fell in love with him. She brought Bibike once, but Pastor David mistook Bibike for Ariyike, which made the latter mad. As a result, she introduced her sister as “my twin, Bibike, the One Who Doesn’t Believe in Jesus” (30).


Father converts their home into a business-services support center with printers, copiers, and computers. Mother resists at first, but when she loses her job again, she consents. The business struggles, and an old friend recommends attending Pastor David’s “New Church” because of stories about people experiencing positive change through the church. This excites Ariyike, who calls it “the very best day of my life” (35).


Through the New Church, the family meets Pastor Samuel. Mother is uncomfortable with the attention the man pays Bibike and Ariyike, so they leave the room whenever he visits. Pastor Samuel scams the family out of ten million naira, which Father gets by taking a high-interest loan out against their house. Pastor Samuel leaves without a trace. The New Church eventually kicks out the family.


The bank sends warnings about paying back the money. Mother leaves in the night for New York. 

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary: “How to Build a Chicken Coop”

Andrew’s narrative in this chapter jumps to 2000. Andrew and Peter have decided to build a chicken coop so they can sell their eggs.


They meet up with Solomon, who says he knows where to get maize to feed the chickens. He tries to explain it’s near the bakery, but Andrew and Peter don’t know where that is because they are new to the area since their father dropped off all the children to live with their grandmother.


Solomon, Andrew, and Peter go to their neighbor’s house where they see Stanley and several other boys playing foosball. There are also girls dancing, and Andrew feels attracted to them, saying, “I start to feel the feeling again. This time it is a different, more sure feeling (53).


As pigeons fly around, one of the boys suggests building a bird trap. Peter mentions they have supplies at their house since they’re constructing a chicken coop. The other boys want to see their progress, so they all go to Andrew and Peter’s.

Andrew notices how tall Peter has gotten, remembering he once called him “Mr. Big Head Small Body” (56). Their father encouraged Peter not to take it to heart saying he was a lion and that “the son of a lion is a lion” (56). Since their father has left, Andrew wonders what they are now.


The chapter ends when another boy starts to hammer together two sticks and accidentally puts a nail through Peter’s hand.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary: “I Am Something”

The book shifts to Peter’s perspective, picking up right where Andrew left off. He relates how he feels like he and Andrew are always “one argument away from being enemies” (58). He does what Andrew says and doesn’t disagree with him even when he’s wrong—like when Andrew tells Peter a riddle to distract him from the wound on his hand. Peter thinks that his answer is better, even though Andrew says it isn’t right.


Andrew cleans Peter’s hand and Peter tells him a riddle. They make dinner, and Andrew uses the wrong lid, making a mess. Peter knows this will anger their grandmother, who refers to them as a single unit (“the boys”) and their sisters as a single unit (“the girls”). When Andrew accidentally left a pair of underwear out, their grandmother hung them up and complained. Embarrassed, Andrew threw them out once she left the house.


Peter aches, his throat dries, and his neck begins to hurt, but he says he’s okay. He messily eats, and Andrew doesn’t comment so Peter knows he looks very ill.


He remembers Andrew twisting his finger to the point of pain when they were kids and their mother telling Andrew to stop while their father said it was less rough than when he was a boy. Peter thinks how he still looks for people who look like his parents in movies, wondering if he even remembers what they look like.


Andrew leaves to get Peter some medicine while their grandmother sleeps; this indicates the severity of his sickness. When their father left, Peter had to figure out on his own that the children had been abandoned. He says:


When you’re the youngest in the family, everyone tries to protect you. They lie to you, they cover for you […] Sometimes it seemed like there was a duvet of silence over all the important stuff about our family. There was no one willing to lift it up for me, to let me see for myself what it was all about (64).


Bibike comes home and though Andrew says Peter is improving because of the medicine, Bibike sends him to ask one of her friend’s fathers for a ride to a more distant hospital where it will be easier for them to run away if they can’t afford the bills.


Grandmother, Bibike, Ariyike, Andrew, and Peter all go together. Grandmother is distrustful of the doctors, wanting to make sure they give Peter the best care. Ariyike prays. Bibike explains they will be able to save his arm, but Andrew notes what she is not saying when he tells Peter, “You are going to be a footballer anyway, you do not need two hands to score goals like Yekini” (70).


Though his right hand doesn’t grip anymore, Peter believes everything will be alright because Andrew tells him a riddle and steals his hospital food—just as he always does.

Part 1, Chapters 1-4 Analysis

Part 1 spans four years, noting the drastic change in Bibike, Ariyike, Andrew, and Peter’s lives. It also introduces several key themes permeating their story.


First, religion plays a major role in Black Sunday. It is everywhere: from the streets where Bibike first mentions it in her section to the New Church, to continued mentions and instances throughout the text. Part 1 introduces both Christian and Yoruba forms of worship. The author, Rotimi Abraham, does not make an argument that one is better than the other; instead, the fact that these both exist and play major roles in the lives of the children speak to the two faiths’ equal standing in Nigerian society. Religion also holds a particularly prominent place in Ariyike’s life, which begins in this chapter with the start of her relationship with Pastor David, who will return as her husband later in the novel.


Part 1 also starts using storytelling to help the children understand their lives. Bibike is the book’s main storyteller; her chapters begin each of the four parts. However, all the siblings use storytelling in some form. Bibike returns to the stories of their grandmother. Ariyike uses biblical examples. Andrew offers riddles. Peter, too, will reflect upon the many stories he is told; he brings up the story of the woman and the hen in his chapter of Part 3. As the children try to understand their lives without their parents, these stories help them to do so, and Part 1 offers this foundation. When waiting for Andrew to return with medicine, Peter thinks about his relationship with his brother through the lens of memories/stories.


Like Peter, all four of the siblings try to figure out how to make their way in the world without their parents. When remembering how their father once told Peter that the “son of a lion is a lion,” Andrew wonders, “A son of a foolish man who loses all his money to fraudsters is what? A son of a poor man whose wife leaves him is what? A son of a man who runs away, leaving his children with his mother, is what?” (56). Each sibling will reflect on what it means to be without their parents and will find ways to care for themselves. In this section, Andrew and Peter illustrate this by trying to earn money. Bibike also appears after working in a hospital. This theme is also symbolically seen at the opening of the book, with Bibike and Ariyike finding their way home on their own.


Further, Bibike’s mention of the male set of twins in the first chapter also sets up the patriarchal and sexist society considered common in the lives of these children. On both sides, from Bibike’s “How to Be a Stupid Girl in Lagos” to Andrew’s awakening feelings for women in his chapter, the fact that young girls and women are vulnerable to male whims that have their roots in society’s conditions is brought to the forefront in Black Sunday.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Unlock all 53 pages of this Study Guide

Get in-depth, chapter-by-chapter summaries and analysis from our literary experts.

  • Grasp challenging concepts with clear, comprehensive explanations
  • Revisit key plot points and ideas without rereading the book
  • Share impressive insights in classes and book clubs