62 pages • 2-hour read
Jennifer L. ArmentroutA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of sexual content, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and death.
Throughout the Flesh and Fire series, many of the predominant themes center around power and how it impacts those who wield it. In Born of Blood and Ash, this theme further develops by contrasting the ideas of vengeance and justice, both of which are doled out by those in power. Although Sera and Ash are free from the corruption that comes with power, the primary fault of both is their anger, which often clouds their vision and leads to death and destruction.
Ash’s anger surfaces when Sera is in danger. It lowers the temperature of the room, shakes the palace, or causes him to violently attack Kyn in his court. Sera’s anger is triggered when she feels wronged or vulnerable. It manifests when she ruthlessly beats Veses, kills Callum repeatedly, and, ultimately, kills Embris to begin the war. For both of these characters, the ideas of vengeance and justice are intertwined. While Ash and Sera have the ability to enforce justice as King and Queen, their actions are often clouded by their anger, making that justice synonymous with vengeance.
This theme is best shown through the internal conflict that Sera faces as she battles the “monster” that lives inside of her. Although she is confident that she can resist it, Vektas reminds her that Eythos, Sera’s predecessor, took centuries to learn to control his anger, and even in his death, he could not control the “monster” of his ego. These words foreshadow Sera’s journey, as she will need to temper her desire to seek vengeance and instead rule justly regardless of her personal feelings.
Sera’s change in the novel exemplifies her growing understanding of and her struggle with vengeance and justice. She often acts based on her personal grudges, making her decisions biased rather than impartial. She has difficulty separating her role as an individual who was deeply wronged from her role as a queen who needs to rule dispassionately and make decisions on others’ needs rather than her own. Although her growth in the novel is cyclical, she ultimately acknowledges her weakness and the mistakes that she made. As a result, when she kills Veses, she finally understands the gravity of the power that she wields. Instead of treating Veses with anger and disgust as she would like to, she instead apologizes to Veses, recognizing that she was corrupted and abused by Kolis. Although Veses still deserves death for what she has done, Sera acknowledges that it is not her place to take vengeance.
As the novel opens, Sera and Ash have just escaped from Kolis’s dungeon. Although they are physically free, they continue to grapple with the abuse and trauma they experienced. The experience has a particularly lasting impact on Sera, who resists acknowledging the depth of her pain and its continuing influence on her daily life.
Sera’s trauma is reflected in her night terrors, dreams that repeatedly wake her up as she imagines herself still in Kolis’s cage. At first, she succeeds in ignoring them, using Ash as a source of physical comfort and willing herself to forget about her dreams upon awakening. However, her nightmares become increasingly more impactful, forcing her to turn into her nota to avoid facing the trauma. Each time, Ash tries to get her to talk about her trauma, but Sera insists that “it’s nothing” and that she is fine.
Sera’s reaction to discussing her trauma, such as the shame she feels, the belief that worse things have happened to others, and her desire not to relive it by talking about it, all reflect common responses to trauma. Ultimately, the thing that causes Sera to address her trauma is her reaction to the death of the people of Lasania. After she kills Embris and wreaks havoc on Dalos, Sera realizes that forcing her feelings below the surface only causes them to resurface in the form of rage and vengeance.
The novel posits human connection and, more importantly, time as the solution to facing trauma. Sera feels isolated in her trauma, believing that it is something she has to handle on her own. However, once she learns that Aios and Ash face similar feelings after having been held captive by Kolis, she begins to recognize that facing one’s trauma does not mean being weak; rather, it allows her to work through her feelings and begin to heal. Each time Sera talks about it, first with Aios and then with Ash, she admits to herself that she is not magically healed. Rather, talking is the first step toward healing, a long process that may never truly end.
The final part of the novel shows that Sera is continuing her journey toward healing. When she allows Ash to feed from her for the first time since she was held captive, she still struggles, forcing back images of Kolis and resisting the urge to pull away. However, Ash reassures her that she will always have his love and support.
Sera’s character best exemplifies the theme of autonomy, as she has struggled with it throughout the series. From birth, Sera’s path was set for her by fate. She was born to kill the Primal of Life and trained in combat and seduction for this purpose, all while being emotionally abused by her family. When she came into the Shadowlands, she was not allowed to leave the bedchambers and was treated with distrust by nearly everyone there. In this way, Sera has a history of lacking autonomy, which only emphasizes her power once she is able to change.
Ascending to the Primal of Life gives Sera autonomy for the first time in the text. The central trauma that Sera feels—her abuse by Kolis—centers on the lack of autonomy she felt under his control, as she was caged and forced to obey Kolis’s commands. Thus, when Sera gains her freedom and her new powers as a Primal, she is able to exert control over her life for the first time. Through her choice to go through with her pregnancy and her decision to fight despite her pregnancy, Sera uses her agency to determine her future and the futures of others, despite what the Fates have written.
Similarly, the character of Sortoria, although largely absent from the novel, further develops this theme of the importance of autonomy. In the centuries leading up to the series, Sotoria was reborn and used, either by Kolis or as a weapon against him. In each life, she lived at the whims of Kolis, hiding from him, being abused by him, or being brought in by others to try to kill him. Now, Sera insists that she will not use Sotoria in the same way. This idea draws a parallel between Sera’s experiences and Sotoria’s: both suffered from a lack of autonomy, so Sera will fight to ensure that Sotoria gets a choice. Although Sotoria could be used to kill Kolis, Sera refuses to ignore the intrinsic value that Sotoria’s life holds. Instead, Sera chooses to imprison Kolis and wait until Sotoria is reborn so that she can decide for herself whether to use her power against him.
Ultimately, power in the novel lies in the ability to act and to choose. As Kolis takes this away from many of the characters during his reign, Sera seeks to rectify this, creating a democracy, bringing the Primals together to discuss how to act, and finally giving them an option to resist Kolis’s cruelty and corruption.
For the characters of Born of Blood and Ash, power is meaningless without personal connections. Through the novel’s trials, Sera and Ash learn that having each other and protecting their allies and subjects is more important than ultimate rule. Instead of ruling as Queen alone, as is her right as the Primal of Life, Sera centers her reign on working with others and valuing those within her court. From the beginning, she chooses to set up a democracy, then presents herself to her people as an equal, wearing a tunic, refusing to wear a crown, and acknowledging her own weaknesses before the other Primals. In this way, Sera emphasizes the importance of others, valuing love and personal connection as a source of strength. This idea stands in direct contrast to Kolis, who controls those around him through abuse, strength, and violence.
Central to Sera’s ability to rule is her relationship with Ash. Their relationship defies logic, as Ash was told from the beginning of the series that he was unable to love because part of his soul was removed. Throughout the novel, Ash supports Sera, giving her advice, helping her through her trauma, and reminding her that she is a strong person with the ability to rule the realm.
Community is as important as partnership in the novel. Along with Ash, Sera earns support and guidance from other characters such as Nektas, Aios, and Attes. Nektas, the oldest draken in the realm, is a source of knowledge and a tool to help Sera rule. Nektas is unflinchingly loyal to both Sera and Ash, often risking his life to protect them. In Aios, Sera finds a confidante, as both experienced Kolis’s abuse and struggle with lasting trauma. Similarly, Attes, whose allegiances were unclear in previous novels, becomes one of Sera’s primary allies. Having lost his brother, Attes seeks out support and protection from others, eventually aligning himself with Sera and Ash completely. Sera and Ash’s success at the end of the novel lies not in their own strength but in their cooperation, planning, and coordinated attack against Kolis, in which everyone plays a role.
The novel’s end, which closes on a scene of communal happiness, emphasizes the importance of love. The Fates acknowledge that much of the future is set in stone, with “threads” that they can follow into the future. However, the thing that can complicate the future and destiny itself is love, with its presence within Ash and Sera providing hope that the destruction of the realms will not truly come to pass.



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