Chances Are . . .

Richard Russo

54 pages 1-hour read

Richard Russo

Chances Are . . .

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2017

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Chapters 19-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of mental illness, pregnancy termination, illness or death, addiction, and substance use.

Chapter 19 Summary: “Teddy”

Teddy takes a painkiller and reflects on his periodic mental health crises, comparing them to tropical storms that build and eventually pass. He rejoins his friends on the deck, where Mickey continues recounting Jacy’s story. Mickey explains that Jacy began developing symptoms of cerebellar ataxia shortly after the two fled to Canada together. Despite her deteriorating condition, she helped Mickey to form a successful Montreal band called Andy’s Revenge, and Jacy herself transformed into a bold, energetic performer onstage.


This period of success was cut short when Jacy suffered a catastrophic fall from the stage that ended her performing career. The accident left her bitter and increasingly depressed as her ataxia symptoms worsened. Following a heated argument with Mickey, Jacy disappeared without explanation and remained missing for an entire year. She eventually tracked him down in Vancouver and returned to him. He was shocked to see that she was emaciated and using a wheelchair. During their reunion, she revealed that she had taken care of her pregnancy, speaking of it in terms that suggested she had terminated it.


The day after their reunion, Jacy died in a fatal fall from a flight of stairs. Mickey confesses to his friends that he carries deep shame about his draft evasion, particularly the memory of hiding in a car trunk while Jacy drove him across the border. Lincoln and Teddy immediately reassure Mickey, affirming that their friendship remains strong despite his long-held secrets.

Chapter 20 Summary: “Lincoln”

The following morning, Lincoln and Mickey observe Teddy walking along the shore with Delia, who bears a striking resemblance to Jacy, her mother. Mickey explains that Delia found him two years earlier through an online search for information about his old band. Lincoln then confesses that he had suspected Mickey of harming Jacy; he explains that he visited Coffin to discuss the case. Lincoln regrets suspecting Mickey of foul play and laments that “[i]nstead of using the lens of his own experience, he’d genuflected before” the ex-cop’s “trash-vortex worldview” (280). Mickey forgives Lincoln for his suspicions, acknowledging that he partly kept Jacy’s death a secret because he “didn’t want to share her” (281).


Lincoln drives Teddy to the hospital for a follow-up appointment and receives a phone call from Anita, who says that Lincoln’s staunchly anti-Catholic father recently attended Mass with his current romantic interest. This unexpected development prompts Lincoln to reflect on people’s capacity to change.


At Coffin’s apartment, Lincoln encounters Beverly, who reveals that Coffin is estranged from his son, Eric. Lincoln locates Coffin on Katama beach and informs him that Jacy died from a degenerative disease rather than foul play. Lincoln also urges him to undergo surgery for his own health concerns.


Lincoln then visits Troyer and astonishes the surly man by offering to sell him a property easement for $1. Troyer accepts and returns several lost pages from Teddy’s wind-scattered manuscript. The two men, once adversaries, finally make peace with each other.

Chapter 21 Summary: “Teddy”

At the Oak Bluffs ferry terminal, Teddy informs Lincoln of his decision to resign from his publishing job and remain at the Chilmark house to perform repairs and renovations.


A flashback reveals Teddy’s earlier walk with Delia that day, during which he entertained her with stories about Mickey’s youth and their shared college experiences. Delia confessed her ongoing struggle with opioid addiction and revealed that Mickey has a heart murmur. Teddy also offered her a paying job helping with the house repairs, and the two exchanged phone numbers.


In the present moment, Teddy and Lincoln engage in a thoughtful discussion about Jacy’s life choices and the improbable nature of their own enduring friendship. Their conversation turns philosophical as they debate the roles of fate versus free will in shaping human lives. After Lincoln’s ferry departs for the mainland, Teddy makes his way to a local tavern, where he enjoys a solitary lunch and feels a renewed sense of purpose.


The novel concludes with Teddy experiencing a shift in perspective and determination. He resolves to contact his friend and erstwhile romantic interest, Theresa, so that he can repair the unfinished business in their relationship. He also decides to begin writing his own book rather than merely editing the manuscripts that others have written.

Chapters 19-21 Analysis

These final chapters foreground The Unknowable Past and the Fallibility of Memory through Mickey’s devastating revelation about Jacy’s fate. His confession fundamentally challenges the friends’ understanding of their shared history even as it clears away any lingering suspicions that either Teddy or Lincoln might have entertained about his role in Jacy’s disappearance. This section also subverts the implicit narrative of murder that Russo has deliberately cultivated throughout the novel, transforming the story from a crime narrative to a more bittersweet account of life’s mingled joys and misfortunes. When Mickey describes the life that he and Jacy built together in Canada (their successful band, their growing closeness, and her progressive symptoms of ataxia and eventual death), Lincoln and Teddy must rapidly revise their understanding of their collective memory.


For 44 years, they have constructed dark narratives around Jacy’s disappearance, imagining increasingly dire endings for her, as when Lincoln morbidly imagines that she might be buried beneath the Chilmark house lawn. His suspicions, Teddy’s memories of skinny dipping in the ocean, and Mickey’s protective silence about Jacy’s secrets all demonstrate the idea that people willfully reconstruct the past according to their psychological needs rather seeking out factual realities. The friends’ stunned reactions to Jacy’s transformation into a performer reveal that they completely misunderstood her essential nature.


The theme of Defining Masculinity Through Class and Character reaches its climax as the friends confront their deepest sources of shame and inadequacy. Mickey’s admission that “[he] hid in the trunk of the car while Jacy drove [them] across the border” (276) exposes the central wound to his masculine identity—not just his draft resistance, but the humiliating manner of his border crossing. Having been raised with his father’s conviction that it is honorable to serve his country no matter the nature of the politics involved, he feels a complex form of shame that centers on the physical act of hiding, which violates traditional masculine codes of courage and honor. Lincoln’s crisis, however, emerges from quite a different source: his sharp sense of guilt over disregarding decades of friendship to suspect Mickey of murdering the woman they all loved. Dissolving into dismay upon realizing how deeply he has erred, he must confront his own moral failings and acknowledge the limits of friendship, and only Mickey’s magnanimous forgiveness allows him to move on from this grave misstep. As they all review the past, the friends must also reckon with the gap between their youthful ideals of masculine solidarity and the isolating realities of adult moral compromise. To this end, Teddy’s immediate reassurance that he too “would’ve climbed into that trunk” (277) represents a crucial moment of masculine redefinition in which frank vulnerability and mutual support replace the often-harmful ideal of stoic individualism.


Russo’s exploration of The Collision of Chance, Fate, and Personal Choice culminates in Teddy’s philosophical meditation on determinism and human agency. His reflection that understanding depends on “which end of the telescope you were looking through” (300) kick-starts an in-depth contemplation upon the tendency of hindsight to reduce every life choice to an inevitability, while the forward-looking mindset of youth views distant possibilities as being much closer than they actually are. Extending the metaphor, Teddy also contemplates the fundamental tension between viewing life as predetermined versus being open to meaningful choice. Looking back in time—through the “wrong end” of the proverbial telescope—creates an illusion of inevitability: the idea that Mickey’s draft number would always be nine, that Teddy would always be injured in the same basketball accident, that their characters would always lead to the same outcomes. This perspective strips away “life’s clutter” to reveal what appears to be destiny, but Teddy recognizes this perspective as false wisdom and concludes that the “proper end” of the telescope faces toward the future and preserves the possibility of agency.


Teddy’s ruminations reveal him to be the most scholarly and erudite of the three friends, for both Lincoln and Mickey remain focused on more practical considerations like the matter of the Chilmark house. The location frequently functions as a symbol of long-neglected memory, but at the end of the novel, it comes to represent repair, renewal, and the possibility of meaningful work in the aftermath of deep loss and instability. Teddy’s decision to remain and renovate the house for Lincoln transforms the building into a space of potential healing, and this impression is strengthened when he invites Delia to join him in his efforts to fix “what’s broken” (296). The house represents the friends’ shared past and the question of whether that past should be preserved and renewed rather than simply being discarded. Teddy’s plan to work alongside Delia—Jacy’s daughter—suggests that this physical repair project will also forge new relationships that simultaneously honor and transcend the past. His recognition that he might have “urgent business with this world” (302) after all indicates his fundamental inner shift from passive resignation to active engagement, and it is clear that he has chosen to find meaning in small but essential daily practices rather than in grand, abstract musings.

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