Mythology

Ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and Norse people, used mythology to define their cultures, enlighten themselves about the surrounding world, and teach important life lessons within their societies. This study guide collection showcases a variety of mythological texts, from epic poems (Homer’s The Odyssey and Virgil’s Aeneid) to modern interpretations of mythology (Norse Mythology by Neil Gaiman and The Penelopiad by Margaret Atwood), demonstrating our timeless connection to a rich mythological past. To learn more about this genre, please visit our Folklore and Mythology Resource Guide.

Publication year 2021

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Memory, Gender Identity, Teamwork

Tags Fantasy, Mythology, Action & Adventure, Trauma & Abuse, Gender & Feminism, Grief & Death, Love & Sexuality, American Literature, Romance

Publication year 2019

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Love, Race, Mental Health, War, Beauty, Music

Tags Historical Fiction, Romance, Mythology, Civil Rights & Jim Crow South, Grief & Death, World History, Love & Sexuality, Military & War, Music, Race & Racism, Trauma & Abuse, World War I, World War II, Fantasy

Publication year -1

Genre Scripture, Nonfiction

Themes Conflict, Perseverance, Hate & Anger, Revenge, Shame & Pride, Masculinity, Coming of Age, Death, The Past, Place, Family, War, Justice, Religion & Spirituality, Wins & Losses

Tags Narrative Poem, Indian Literature, Mythology, Religion & Spirituality, Philosophy

David R. Slavitt’s 2015 translation of the Mahabharata is an abridged, modern English rendition of the ancient Indian epic. Slavitt, an American poet, novelist, and translator, is experienced in translating classical texts for contemporary audiences. His translation seeks to make this foundational work of South Asian literature accessible to modern readers.The Mahabharata is traditionally attributed to the sage Vyasa and was composed between approximately 400 BCE and 400 CE. As one of the longest epic... Read Mahabharata Summary

Publication year 1964

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Good & Evil, Fear, Memory, Mental Health

Tags Psychology, Mythology, Relationships, Science & Nature, Philosophy, Philosophy, Arts & Culture, Psychology, Fantasy, Classic Fiction, Religion & Spirituality

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Power & Greed, Marriage

Tags Mythology, Tragedy, Classic Fiction, Ancient Greece, Education, Education, Dramatic Literature, Fantasy

Medea is a tragic play written by the ancient Greek playwright Euripides. It was composed in 431 BCE as Euripides’s entry for the Dionysia, an important religious festival and theatrical competition in the city of Athens. Though Medea placed third in the competition that year, it has since become one of Euripides’s most popular works, enjoying special attention for its nuanced treatment of revenge and domestic strife and for the complexity of its lead character... Read Medea Summary

Publication year 49

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Revenge, Femininity, Family, Loyalty & Betrayal

Tags Tragedy, Mythology, Ancient Rome, Philosophy, Philosophy, Dramatic Literature, Classical Period, Fantasy, Classic Fiction

Publication year 8

Genre Novel/Book in Verse, Fiction

Themes Power & Greed, Politics & Government, Death

Tags Education, Education, Mythology, Philosophy, Philosophy, Classical Period, Fantasy, Classic Fiction, Ancient Greece, Narrative Poem

Publius Ovidius Naso, known more commonly today as Ovid, originally composed his Metamorphoses in Latin and completed the work around 8 CE. The Metamorphoses combines hundreds of Greco-Roman mythological tales into 15 books of poetry, brief summaries of which follow.This guide follows A. D. Melville’s 1986 translation for Oxford World’s Classics, and citations reference page numbers rather than line numbers. This guide follows Melville’s divisions of the various myths, although not all editions will make... Read Metamorphoses Summary

Publication year 1942

Genre Book, Nonfiction

Themes Religion & Spirituality, Literature, Justice, Art

Tags Mythology, Classical Period, Education, Education, World History, Fantasy, Classic Fiction, Religion & Spirituality

Originally published in 1942, Mythology is primarily a compendium of Greek and Roman myths, with a brief final section on Norse mythology, written by American educator and classicist Edith Hamilton. Hamilton engages with the myths as both a storyteller and a literary critic. She organizes and retells the myths narrated in ancient sources, and she assesses those ancient sources as works of literature. Her approach is grounded in the assumptions that Greek and Roman civilizations... Read Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes Summary

Publication year 2021

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Femininity, Gender Identity, Sexual Identity, Love

Tags Romance, Fantasy, Mythology, Love & Sexuality, Modern Classic Fiction

Publication year 1200

Genre Novel/Book in Verse, Fiction

Themes Loyalty & Betrayal, Safety & Danger, Trust & Doubt, Power & Greed, Good & Evil, Wins & Losses, Revenge, Hate & Anger, Love, Perseverance, Conflict, Family

Tags Classic Fiction, Medieval, Narrative Poem, Mythology

Sometimes referred to as the “German Iliad,” Nibelungenlied is a 13th-century German epic poem that combines historical events with German heroic legend. The epic’s poet is unknown—though some clues within the text suggest that he was from Passau, Germany. The epic, which literally translates to “The Song of the Nibelungs” in English, portrays the Burgundians’ historic defeat by the Huns in the 5th century—the tragic result of the mythical queen Kriemhild’s desire to avenge her... Read Nibelungenlied Summary

Publication year 1280

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Family, Masculinity, Fate, Justice

Tags Mythology, Classic Fiction, Historical Fiction

Njal’s Saga is a late medieval Icelandic family saga authored around 1280 but set around the year 1000. It combines legend and history—many of its protagonists were historical figures, and other historical sources corroborate some of the major events the saga mentions. However, the author also embellishes characters and events as he describes them in the saga.The saga recounts intermarriage, friendships, and tragic blood feuds between multiple Icelandic families who trace their ancestry back to... Read Njals Saga Summary

Publication year 1999

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Family

Tags Mythology, Modern Classic Fiction, Historical Fiction, Canadian Literature

No Great Mischief is a 1999 bildungsroman by Canadian novelist Alistair MacLeod. The story begins with Alexander MacDonald, a successful Canadian orthodontist, driving to Toronto to visit his brother, Calum. He searches for his brother’s apartment through the city’s seedier districts and eventually finds the right place. Calum is an alcoholic, one of many people left behind by the modern world. They speak together in English and Gaelic, reminiscing about their family. As Calum becomes... Read No Great Mischief Summary

Publication year 60

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Family, Politics & Government, Fate

Tags Tragedy, Mythology, Education, Education, Classical Period, Dramatic Literature, Fantasy, Classic Fiction

Publication year 401

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Grief, Guilt, Regret, Aging, Death, Future, The Past, Daughters & Sons, Community, Religion & Spirituality

Tags Classical Period, Tragedy, Mythology, Ancient Greece

Oedipus at Colonus is an ancient Athenian tragedy composed by Sophocles in (it is widely believed) the last year of his life, approximately 406 BC. His grandson, who was named Sophocles after him, first produced the play in 401 BC at the Festival of Dionysus, also known as the Great Dionysia. Along with Oedipus Rex and Antigone, it is one of three surviving tragedies by Sophocles, known as the Theban plays, that retell episodes from... Read Oedipus at Colonus Summary

Genre Play, Fiction

Themes Family, Fate

Tags Tragedy, Mythology, Philosophy, Religion & Spirituality, Ancient Greece, Classic Fiction, Education, Education, Dramatic Literature, Fantasy

Sophocles’s play Oedipus Rex, first performed in the early-to-mid 400s BCE, is one of the most famous and influential tragedies left to us from the ancient Greek tradition. Based on the myth of Oedipus, whose cursed fate was to marry his mother and kill his father, the play explores themes of destiny, free will, and literal and metaphoric vision and blindness. This guide uses the 1984 Penguin edition of The Three Theban Plays, translated by... Read Oedipus Rex Summary

Publication year 1939

Genre Essay / Speech, Nonfiction

Themes Literature, Religion & Spirituality, Childhood & Youth, Language

Tags Philosophy, Fantasy, Fairy Tale & Folklore, Mythology, Philosophy, Literary Criticism, Classic Fiction, Religion & Spirituality