Enough: Your Health, Your Weight, and What It's Like to Be Free

Oprah Winfrey, Ania M. Jastreboff

52 pages 1-hour read

Oprah Winfrey, Ania M. Jastreboff

Enough: Your Health, Your Weight, and What It's Like to Be Free

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2026

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Background

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of illness and death.

Authorial Context: Oprah Winfrey

Enough is co-authored by talk show host and business mogul Oprah Winfrey. Winfrey was born and raised in Mississippi and later moved to Wisconsin. As a teen, she got her first job working for the local radio and soon became a news anchor on a local television station. Winfrey later established her own production company, Harpo Productions, which produced her syndicated television show, The Oprah Show, for its 25 seasons. Her show, which also spawned O Magazine and Oprah’s Book Club, centered around social issues, celebrity, self-improvement, and lifestyle, including health and weight loss. Her channel, The Oprah Winfrey Network, continues to broadcast shows for American audiences. 


Winfrey’s work has also generated controversy. For instance, she helped launch the television careers of Dr. Phil and Dr. Oz, both of whom have since come under scrutiny by other professionals for the advice they share on their shows. Winfrey has also attracted considerable attention and criticism over her links to the diet industry. For many years, Winfrey owned a 10% share in WeightWatchers and was a spokeswoman for the company despite various medical criticisms of their weight-loss program (Dall’Asen, Nicola. “Don’t Be Fooled by Oprah’s Newfound Approach to Diet Culture.” Allure, 16 May 2024). Prior to Enough, Winfrey co-authored several books on the topic of weight and diets with her trainer, Bob Greene, including Make the Connection, The Best Life Diet, and Get With the Program! In Enough, she supports Dr. Jastreboff’s claim that obesity is a chronic disease, and she shares her positive experience of using glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) medications to lose weight. It should be noted that Winfrey has no medical qualifications, so her endorsements are based solely on her anecdotal personal experience.


More recently, Winfrey’s embrace and open promotion of GLP-1 medications have also received mixed reactions in light of her longstanding ties to the diet industry. Some commentators argue that Winfrey is promoting the same rigid beauty standards and fatphobic biases of her earlier years under a new guise. As one critic states, “Winfrey’s discussions about […] weight loss drugs still come with the underlying message that losing weight would be beneficial for anyone who classifies as ‘overweight’ or ‘obese.’ They still imply that losing weight is equivalent to becoming healthier. They still imply that weight loss is a key to happiness” (Dall’Asen). Thus, in continuing to suggest that being thinner is an ideal to which everyone should aspire, the rhetoric around weight-loss drugs can reinforce perceptions that larger bodies are inherently problematic and are an issue to be “solved.” Such rhetoric is contested by experts who argue that people can be healthy at high weights (Matheson, Eric M., et al. “Healthy Lifestyle Habits and Mortality in Overweight and Obese Individuals.” Journal of American Board of Family Medicine, vol. 25, no. 1, 2012, pp. 9-15).

Authorial Context: Dr. Ania Jastreboff

Dr. Ania Jastreboff is the co-author of Enough. Born in Poland, Jastreboff moved to the US as a child. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from Bucknell University before studying medicine at the University of Maryland. She completed her PhD in investigative medicine at Yale University, where she now works. She is a professor of medicine (endocrinology) as well as the director of the Yale Obesity Research Center, also called “Y-Weight,” and the medical director of the Yale Stress Center. As the director of Y-Weight, Jastreboff is leading studies to develop obesity medications based on nutrient-stimulated hormones. Her most notable study so far was the SURMOUNT-1 Trial, which tested tirzepatide, a medication that activated both glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 receptors in the brain, resulting in participants losing an average of 23% of body weight over the course of 72 weeks (126). The study’s results, which the author elaborates on in Enough, were published in 2022 and prompted the development of new obesity medications and a rise in patient and physician interest in treating obesity in this manner.


While Jastreboff’s medical qualifications are well established, it is also important to note that she has financial ties to weight-loss medications. At the end of Enough, she Jastreboff acknowledges that she collaborates with numerous pharmaceutical companies to conduct her trials. Furthermore, she also serves on advisory boards for multiple pharmaceutical companies and has close ties to Novo Nordisk, a maker of GLP-1s currently at the center of serious controversy over side effects (See: Medical Context): “In all, [Jastreboff] has accepted nearly $130,000 in consulting fees and other payments from Novo since 2014” (Terhune, Chad, and Robin Respaut. “Maker of Wegovy, Ozempic Showers Money on U.S. Obesity Doctors.” Reuters, 1 Dec. 2023). As of 2024, she has also accepted numerous fees from several other major pharmaceutical companies such as AstraZeneca (current developer of an oral GLP-1), Pfizer (currently developing a GLP-1), and Zealand Pharma (also currently developing a GLP-1), among others (“Ania M Jastreboff.” OpenPayments DataCMS.gov). She also co-founded the biotechnology company State 4 Therapeutics through Yale Ventures, as seen in the pitch presentation given at the 2025 Yale Innovation Summit (“State4 Therapeutics.” Yale Ventures).

Medical Context: The Risks of GLP-1–Based Medications and Weight Loss

While GLP-1s have risen in popularity in recent years in both celebrity culture and among American patients, such medications also have serious potential side effects and have generated controversy. The potential side effects range from relatively mild ailments, such as nausea, stomach pain, digestive issues, and hair loss, to more serious complications such as pancreatitis, intestinal paralysis, kidney damage, and gallbladder problems. The gravest potential side effect currently acknowledged by pharmaceutical companies is an increased risk of thyroid C-cell tumors (Billingsley, Alyssa. “GLP-1 Side Effects: What to Expect With Ozempic, Zepbound, and More.” GoodRx, 5 Nov. 2025). As of March 2026, a manufacturer of GLP-1s, Novo Nordisk, has been publicly censured by the Federal Drug Administration for failing to report more serious side effects of medications such as Ozempic, including strokes, blindness, and deaths, and is now facing lawsuits from several thousand American patients (Fast, Austin. “FDA: Novo Nordisk Failed to Report Deaths of Weight-Loss Drug Patients.” USA Today, 17 Mar. 2026). 


Enough is a polemical work in that it promotes a particular point of view of obesity and how it should be treated. It is important to note, however, that many of Dr. Jastreboff’s assertions are disputed by other authorities in the medical community and that there is still no firm medical consensus on obesity. For example, Jastreboff’s insistence that obesity is always caused by biological factors ignores the research that links weight and health to socioeconomic factors, such as poverty and food insecurity (Millar, Helen. “What to Know About Obesity and Poverty.” Medical News Today, 25 Apr. 2023). Similarly, her promotion of GLP-1s as often the only viable solution for individuals hoping to lose weight tends to downplay or avoid discussion of low-cost or free weight-loss methods, such as portion control and intermittent fasting (“Are Calorie Counts Accurate?Cleveland Clinic, 17 Apr. 2025; “Food Portions: Choosing Just Enough for You.” National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases).


Finally, obesity itself is not universally regarded as a “disease” by medical experts. There is some research that suggests that promoting a “health at every size” approach can have better health outcomes for individuals compared to weight-loss regimes (Tylka, Tracy L., et al. “The Weight-Inclusive Versus Weight-Normative Approach to Health: Evaluating the Evidence for Prioritizing Well-Being Over Weight Loss.” Journal of Obesity, 23 July 2014). Other research suggests that frequent cycles of dramatic weight gain and loss can have adverse health consequences, meaning that an overemphasis on becoming thinner can create misleading impressions of what it means to be healthy (Rhee, Eun-Jung. “Weight Cycling and Its Cardiometabolic Impact.” Journal of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome, 30 Dec. 2017).

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