59 pages 1-hour read

Equus

Fiction | Play | Adult | Published in 1973

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Act II, Scenes 22-28Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide features depictions of animal cruelty, sexual content, and mental illness.

Act II, Scene 22 Summary

Dysart reflects on what Alan told him. Alan is in his room, leaving Dysart “alone with Equus” (87). Speaking to the audience, Dysart says that he still hears Equus’s voice. Equus the horse-god speaks to Dysart in a sarcastic tone, asking whether the psychiatrist really believes that he can “account for Me” (87–88). Dysart admits that he has never been so unsettled by a case. He is asking questions of himself that he has never asked before. Dysart wonders why a child grows up to become whomever they become. The child’s experiences form a “chain of shackles” (88) in a process which confounds Dysart. He does not know whether he can understand it, so he feels that he no longer understands the purpose of his work.


Dysart is interrupted by the nurse. She tells him that Dora is visiting Alan, and they are arguing. Alan and Dora angrily confront one another; Dora accuses Alan of looking at her in a particular manner, then hits him. Dysart breaks up the argument and tells Dora to leave Alan’s room. Dora exits and crosses the stage. As the nurse takes Alan back to his room, Dysart follows Dora.

Act II, Scene 23 Summary

Dysart tells Dora that she should not visit Alan anymore, as his treatment is at a critical stage. Alan is fragile, and the treatment cannot be interrupted. Dora is angry with Dysart. She insists that she is owed more sympathy; the word parent, she says, is treated like a “dirty word” (90) in psychiatric institutions. She suggests that psychiatrists always blame parents for their children’s problems. Dora insists that she and Frank took good care of Alan. They loved him, despite their occasional problems. These problems cannot explain what Alan did, she says, as “Alan is himself” (90). She blames the Devil rather than herself and Frank. To Dora, he will always be her son. Dora exits, and Dysart goes to speak to Alan.

Act II, Scene 24 Summary

Dysart tells Alan that he will not speak to Dora about anything that Alan said during hypnosis. Alan stares angrily at Dysart and insists that everything he said while hypnotized was a lie. He criticizes Dysart’s “bloody tricks” (91). He claims to know about the “truth drug” (92), which he believes Dysart will force him to swallow to make him tell the truth. Dysart exits the bedroom.

Act II, Scene 25 Summary

Dysart speaks to Hesther, telling her what happened. According to Dysart, Alan spoke about the truth drug because he wants to believe that it is real. He wishes that there was a medical treatment that would allow him to speak without inhibitions. Dysart has a plan: He explains to Hesther that he will use a placebo and tell Alan that it is the truth drug. This will allow Alan to speak freely about his repressed memories. This will help him recover, Dysart believes. Yet Dysart is not entirely convinced by his plan. He worries that he might take away Alan’s “worship” (93), since Alan worships Equus, and any cure for Alan would remove his belief in Equus. Dysart worries that this belief is the “core of [Alan’s] life” (93). Without the belief, he will just be an alienated youngster with no real attachment to society.


Hesther proposes that this treatment is worthwhile as it will reduce Alan’s pain considerably. Dysart does not agree. Whatever pain Alan experiences is something that is unique to Alan. To experience and overcome pain is an important part of growing up, Dysart says, so he does not want to take this opportunity away from Alan, who has already suffered so much. In a way, Dysart envies both the pain and the passion that Alan experiences. Dysart accuses himself of having settled for a “pallid and provincial” (95) existence. His life is free of worship, he says, and he is left to wonder what a more pagan, more primitive, more passionate life would be like instead of his comfortable but dull life. Alan experiences a passion that Dysart does not, yet Alan is the patient being treated for “insanity” (95). Dysart studies pictures of centaurs. He suspects that Alan is trying to become this kind of mythical half-man, half-horse. Hesther, however, still only sees a young person in pain. She bids Dysart farewell.

Act II, Scene 26 Summary

In a letter to Dysart, Alan apologizes for his earlier behavior and admits that his comments under hypnosis were “all true” (96). Dysart reads the letter to the audience and believes that he is close to a breakthrough in Alan’s treatment. He calls for the nurse and asks her if Alan is awake. Alan is likely watching the television, the nurse says. Dysart asks her to bring Alan to his office and to call his wife to explain that he will not be home until late. The nurse passes the message to Alan, who approaches Dysart’s office.

Act II, Scene 27 Summary

After thanking Alan for writing the letter, Dysart invites Alan to sit down for an impromptu session as it is “better than going to sleep” (98). Surprised, Alan agrees to trust Dysart. In turn, Dysart admits to Alan that many of his actions as a psychiatrist involve some kind of trickery or deception. Ultimately, however, his aim is to help his patients. Dysart offers Alan a drug which will make him speak the truth. Alan is reluctant, but Dysart assures him that the pill can help to cure the nightmares. Hesitantly, Alan takes the pill. He will not feel any different, Dysart says, so he should just relax and speak whatever comes to his mind.


Dysart begins to talk about his own life. He is tired of his job, and he would like to visit the sea “where the Gods used to go to bathe” (100) before they died. Alan disputes the suggestion that gods can die. Dysart insists that it is possible. Alan asks Dysart how he will manage to be such a “nosey parker” (100) without his hospital. Dysart says that he will not care. He does not enjoy being a psychiatrist, he explains, and he only continues to work because Alan is “unhappy” (100). Dysart is also unhappy, Alan points out. This shocks Dysart. Alan is also surprised by his comment. He did not expect to speak his mind so frankly. This, Dysart suggests, shows that the truth drug is taking effect.


Alan becomes excited by the prospect of speaking freely. He invites Dysart to ask him more questions. Dysart asks about Jill, but Alan seems reluctant to speak. Dysart asks Alan to describe Jill, but Alan insists that he does not remember her. Dysart approaches Alan. Firmly, he tells Alan that he must answer. He must tell—and even show—Dysart everything about Jill. After reassuring Alan that he will help, Dysart asks about Jill’s home. After a brief moment, Alan begins to speak. Jill lives near Dalton’s stables, he says. Jill enters the stage as Alan shares his memory.

Act II, Scene 28 Summary

Jill seems “open and lightly provocative” (102). Speaking to Alan, she discusses her father leaving her mother. After he left, they had no money. Her mother was forced to support the family on her own. Now, Jill’s mother hates men, so Jill is forbidden from taking boys home with her. Alan explains to Dysart that he frequently felt that Jill was looking at him. She praised his “super” (102) eyes, he says, and he admired her eyes. Jill sits beside Alan, who becomes visibly flustered. Alan moves away from Jill. She speaks about the ways girls are attracted to boys. She speaks about boys’ “bottoms” (103), claiming that most girls find them attractive, but she is more interested in boys’ eyes. She asks Alan if he is interested in eyes or only in horses’ eyes. She has seen him staring into Nugget’s eyes, she says, and Alan becomes defensive. He insists that Nugget must have had something in his eye.


Jill loves horses’ eyes, she tells Alan. When she asks whether he finds their eyes “sexy” (103), Alan jumps away from her. Jill continues to speak. Many girls are drawn to horses, she says, and it is a normal part of many girls’ lives. She recalls petting or kissing horses, suggesting that it was “just a substitute” (103) for a different kind of affection. Alan explains to Dysart that Jill would often flirt with him in this manner. She enjoyed provoking him, which culminated on one evening in particular. Dysart urges Alan to talk about what happened that night. It was a Saturday, Alan remembers, and Jill asked him to take her to a “skinflick” (104). Alan was hesitant. He did not want to take Jill to watch pornography, but she convinced him. In the middle of his recollection, however, Alan steps away from the stage. He feels tired and needs to sleep. Dysart insists that Alan must continue. Alan becomes angry. The film was “bloody awful” (104), he says. The actors on the stage assemble as though they are in a movie theater.

Act II, Scenes 22-28 Analysis

The transition from Act 1 to Act 2 involves a pause. After the emotional intensity of Alan’s ritual, Dysart—as narrator and protagonist—needs time to gather his thoughts. This demonstrates how he functions as the surrogate for the audience; he must reflect on what he has just seen and, in doing so, the audience reflects with him. While Dysart is willing to share Alan with the audience, he has become increasingly defensive regarding other people’s interactions with Alan. He is emotionally invested in Alan because he now realizes that he and Alan share many of the same senses of melancholy and alienation. Alan is searching for a relief to these problems, as is Dysart. This connection between patient and doctor exposes the emotional instability beneath the surface of both roles, aligning with the theme of Psychiatry and the Search for Meaning in Life. Dysart tries to prevent Dora from visiting Alan, claiming that Alan is at the “most delicate stage” (90) of his treatment. This statement reflects the tender state of both Alan and Dysart: Dysart has grown more invested and, in doing so, has grown more delicate. The discussions of other patients fall away and, treating Alan is all that Dysart cares about. He hopes that, by treating Alan, he can treat himself. He no longer sees Alan as a problem to be solved, but as a mirror of his own spiritual drought.


In Scene 25, Dysart speaks to Hesther about what it means to be “normal,” revealing how far their perspectives have diverged since the beginning of the play. Early on, Hesther and Dysart appeared aligned—dual embodiments of institutional authority. Hesther represented the judiciary, while Dysart stood for psychiatry and medicine. By taking on Alan’s case, they shared the belief that society could, and should, intervene to rehabilitate him. But by the midpoint of Act 2, that shared foundation has fractured. Hesther continues to defend the values of normalcy and reintegration, while Dysart has come to see those values as empty. What once seemed like healing now feels, to him, like suppression. He no longer believes psychiatry offers real understanding—it is, instead, a ritual that rewards conformity and erases passion. He points to his own life as proof: Despite fulfilling every social expectation, he feels hollow. He is still a representative of society, but he no longer believes in what it offers. 


Alan is right to rebel against this idea, he argues, and he worries that he is doing more damage by trying to “normalize” children than by allowing them to express themselves freely. This deep unease with societal expectations reflects the theme of The Conflict Between Societal Norms and Individual Desires. He has become the priest of his dreams, sacrificing his child patients on the altar of what society deems to be “normal.” The play does not clearly endorse psychiatry as a model for understanding human behavior. Instead, it interrogates its limits, especially when divorced from emotional and spiritual realities. In Alan, Dysart sees a younger, unbroken version of himself—someone who still feels everything with terrifying clarity. Where Alan invents Equus as an outlet for his longing and shame, Dysart has only silence and ritual. He realizes that Alan’s suffering is not pathological but profoundly human, and that the desire to escape society’s grip is something they both share. The more Dysart learns about Alan’s inner life, the more he becomes aware of the vacancy in his own.


To treat Alan, Dysart employs a series of tricks or excuses. Dysart needs to establish an environment in which Alan can free himself from his tendency to repress his emotions. Alan needs someone or something to justify his expression. Whether hypnosis or a truth pill, he needs the elaborate trickery of psychiatry to allow himself to be vulnerable. Dysart recognizes this, yet he suspects that Alan—at least on a subconscious level—is aware that his treatments are elaborate tricks. Alan wants to be tricked, he believes, so Dysart becomes the trickster. This theatricality—this mutual performance of healer and patient—emphasizes the fragility of identity and truth within psychiatric practice. This only bolsters Dysart’s growing sense of disillusionment with society, which he comes to regard as a series of tricks and illusions designed to deny and police this vulnerability. Manners, reputation, and even the idea of normalcy are mirror images of Dysart’s tricks; they are internalized mechanisms for repressing emotions. Alan may not have the language or training to understand why he needs these tricks, but his fundamental desire to be freed of such social constraints reinforces Dysart’s disillusionment with society itself. Dysart begins to believe that the modern world—its schools, courts, homes, and hospitals—no longer honors The Role of Religion and Worship in Modern Society, because it has replaced passion with procedure. What Alan constructs with Equus may be flawed and violent, but it is sincere. Dysart sees in this sincerity a vision of what modern life has lost.


This section of the play also introduces the tension between Alan’s sexual awakening and the fear that accompanies it, brought into focus through his interaction with Jill. When Jill asks whether he only likes horses’ eyes and admits to having kissed or caressed horses as a kind of substitute for human affection, she opens the door to a conversation that Alan is completely unequipped to have. Her flirtation is both playful and sincere, but Alan receives it with anxiety and defensiveness. She sees his fascination with Nugget, naming what Alan cannot: that his physical and emotional urges have become intertwined with his invented religion. This moment exposes the fragility of Alan’s private cosmology, one that collapses under the weight of real human intimacy. Jill’s openness threatens the structure that Alan has built to contain his feelings, forcing him to confront what he has tried to sublimate. That confrontation begins here, not in the stables, but in the moment she verbalizes what he has tried to keep sacred.

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