62 pages 2-hour read

Glass Houses

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2017

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapters 29-35Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death, death by suicide, substance use, graphic violence.

Chapter 29 Summary

Gamache enters a conference room at Sûreté headquarters, sweating despite the air conditioning. He addresses his inner circle of officers, whom he selected nearly a year ago for his covert operation to dismantle a drug cartel. Gamache reflects on the cost of this strategy and acknowledges that by night’s end, either his team or the cartel will fail.


Superintendent Toussaint reports troubling news: There were two shipments of nesting dolls. The one containing chlorocodide left Mirabel airport the previous night after the Sûreté allowed the massive fentanyl shipment across the border. Though the team believes the krokodil remains in Québec, they cannot be certain without exposing themselves. Jean-Guy Beauvoir questions the informant’s reliability, but Toussaint defends him. She then provides critical intelligence: The head of the American East Coast syndicate is in Burlington, Vermont, suggesting both cartel leaders will meet at the drug exchange that night. The officers briefly celebrate the opening, but Gamache remains wary. When Toussaint suggests involving the DEA, Gamache overrules her, explaining that increased activity would alert the syndicates.


Jean-Guy reviews the tactical plans the team has studied for months. They have key advantages: knowing the exact crossing point and having convinced the syndicates the Sûreté is useless. However, the American cartel head’s presence introduces dangerous unknowns. Gamache orders the team to proceed but remain ready to adapt.


After dismissing the meeting, Gamache returns to his office and retrieves his notebook and the napkin bearing the words “burn our ships.” He writes a detailed account of his actions over the past year, including allowing drugs across the border and the resulting deaths. While Gamache showers, Jean-Guy enters, sees the notebook, and reads it. When Gamache emerges, Jean-Guy apologizes for leaving the courtroom, explaining his fear of watching Gamache perjure himself. Gamache responds that he crossed the moral line when he first ordered his team to stand down, not when he lied under oath. This steadies Jean-Guy, who recognizes his own culpability and feels restored solidarity with his boss. In the elevator, Gamache shares a story about fainting from fear during his first tactical assault, demonstrating that courage means pushing through fear. As they leave headquarters together, both understand the stakes.

Chapter 30 Summary

Chief Inspector Lacoste enters the Three Pines bistro, posing as off-duty officer. She chats casually with Olivier while observing St. Thomas’s chapel, where Katie Evans was murdered. Olivier tells her two unfamiliar men are passing through and that Lea Roux and Matheo Bissonette have arrived at the bed-and-breakfast, seeming tense about the trial.


The narrative shifts to a flashback to the previous November. Gamache, prompted by the story about Prohibition-era bootlegging, theorizes there must be a hidden exit from the root cellar to explain how the murder weapon disappeared and reappeared. Jean-Guy discovers a camouflaged door behind a shelf that opens to the woods. When they show Lacoste the door, Gamache realizes the recently oiled hinges suggest ongoing use. The team speculates that the old smuggling routes are being exploited for drug trafficking.


Lab results show the bat contains Katie’s DNA, the killer’s DNA, and a small additional sample deemed incidental. The team speculates that the bat was removed and returned to plant false evidence. Gamache makes a controversial decision: to leave the hidden door unsealed and keep its existence secret even from most of their own team, reasoning that appearing incompetent will make criminals overconfident. During this time, Anton confesses to Jean-Guy that he knew the victims from university and sold Edouard the drugs that led to his death.


That evening, as Gamache walks the dogs with Lacoste, they encounter Jacqueline approaching the Gamache house. She tells them she has come to confess her role in the cobrador plot.


In the present, Lacoste watches Lea and Matheo enter the bistro and sit near the two American men, who watch her intently. She raises her glass in a friendly gesture while only pretending to drink. Excusing herself to the bathroom, she discreetly palms the cordless phone from behind the bar.

Chapter 31 Summary

Driving toward Three Pines, Gamache receives a text from Toussaint: The assault team is ready. He calls home but reaches voicemail, leaving a cheerful message despite growing concern.


From the bistro bathroom, Lacoste phones Gamache with alarming news: the head of the American cartel is in the bistro with a bodyguard, and Reine-Marie, Annie, and Honoré are also present. Gamache concludes his family must stay, as removing them would alert the cartel. He orders Lacoste to invite Ruth to the bistro to reinforce the appearance of incompetence. Lacoste exits using a menstruation-related excuse that sends the waiting bodyguard retreating. Gamache calls Toussaint and instructs her to stick to the original plan at the border crossing. Lacoste warns Anton in the kitchen that Lea and Matheo are present and then summons Ruth by phone.


A flashback begins, showing the late-night confrontation at the bed-and-breakfast. Gamache, Jean-Guy, and Lacoste arrive with Jacqueline to face Patrick, Lea, and Matheo. Lacoste announces that Jacqueline has confessed to orchestrating the cobrador plot. Lea and Matheo explain that after a private investigator found Anton, Jacqueline contacted them for help getting a job as a nanny with his employers, and they provided references. When Anton got a job in Three Pines, they seized the opportunity, moving the reunion to late October, when shorter daylight hours would make the cobrador’s vigil possible. Matheo reveals that the four friends took turns wearing the costume to scare Anton and extract an apology for his role in Edouard Valcourt’s suicide.


Gamache points out the flaw: Anton had already confessed to Beauvoir that afternoon, making murder illogical. He then stuns everyone by arresting Jacqueline, Edouard’s sister, for Katie’s murder. Outside, Jacqueline realizes Gamache is using her as bait to make Anton believe he has gotten away with the crime. She agrees to play her part.


In the present, Lacoste understands that if violence erupts in this border village, the cartels will make a brutal example of Three Pines and Gamache’s family.

Chapter 32 Summary

As they enter Three Pines, Gamache removes his gun, locks it in the glove compartment with the bullets, and takes out a hunter’s Swiss Army knife instead, explaining that Reine-Marie and Annie would notice a gun.


They enter the bistro to Ruth’s loud insults, which Jean-Guy recognizes as part of the performance. The American cartel members watch them openly. Gamache approaches their table with disarming friendliness, borrows two empty chairs, and recommends a dish, playing the oblivious local official. He removes his jacket, clearly displaying that he is unarmed.


Watching children play on the village green, Gamache sees the young American cartel head’s reflection superimposed on a boy riding a bicycle in the window glass. Annie, Reine-Marie, and the other women leave to prepare dinner. Lacoste drives away. Gamache and Jean-Guy exchange tense goodbyes with their families, unable to warn them of the danger.


Ruth announces that Lea visited earlier to inform her she is being made a chevalier of the ordre du Québec. Anton emerges from the kitchen and gives the Americans a recipe he wrote down for them before reluctantly sitting at their table under pressure. Lea stares at Gamache with hostility; he holds her gaze and smiles.


Jean-Guy senses an extreme calm radiating from Gamache and realizes the long war against the cartel will end that night.

Chapter 33 Summary

In the woods, Lacoste equips herself with assault gear and calls her family to say goodnight. She receives a text with news that jolts her: The package has left the church and is heading to the village, contradicting their intelligence that the exchange would happen at the border. She abandons her post and sprints back toward Three Pines.


In the bistro, two large men enter carrying doll crates stained red, suggesting the couriers were killed. Lacoste enters through the bookstore’s connecting door and realizes Anton looks feral, not a victim but an equal player in what has become a hostile takeover. Gamache begins to usher Ruth toward the exit and asks for the bill, inadvertently repositioning people. From her concealed position, Lacoste aims her rifle but cannot get a clear shot. Jean-Guy rises with Ruth’s duck, Rosa, drawing laughter from the guards, as Ruth loudly insults him.


Marchand puts a gun to Lacoste’s head from behind and pushes her into the room. A gunfight erupts. Lacoste throws herself backward into Marchand as Gamache launches himself at the nearest American guard, stabbing him with his knife. Jean-Guy shoots the second guard. In the chaos, Anton viciously kicks a stunned Gamache, who manages to grab the dying guard’s weapon and shoot Marchand just as he aims Lacoste’s rifle. Anton escapes out the back door, pursued by the American cartel head and his lieutenant.


Ruth crawls to protect Rosa and only then realizes Lacoste is badly injured nearby. Outside, Reine-Marie, Myrna, and Clara arm themselves with fireplace tools and run toward the gunfire, herding terrified children to safety before continuing to the bistro.


Gamache and Jean-Guy pursue the three men into the woods, splitting up to herd them toward the border. Toussaint, hearing gunfire, diverts her team to the village but then realizes what Gamache intended and races back toward the border. Meanwhile, Anton realizes he is being driven into a trap and stops to fight, grazing Jean-Guy’s leg. As Anton focuses on the approaching Americans, Jean-Guy circles behind and puts a gun to his head.


At the border, rival cartel soldiers open fire on each other. The American cartel head breaks free and crosses into the United States. Gamache pursues him across the border. The American turns and fires as Gamache falls; Gamache drops to one knee and returns fire, killing him.

Chapter 34 Summary

One week after the shootout, Gamache and Judge Corriveau meet with the premier of Québec. Gamache reports that Lacoste remains in a medically induced coma. The premier, who has reviewed Lacoste’s helmet-camera footage, asks Gamache to explain everything. When questioned about killing the American across the border, Gamache admits he believes he was in US territory and would have done it anyway. The premier remarks that it is a shame Anton survived.


A flashback reveals the full story. Days after the shootout, Judge Corriveau and Barry Zalmanowitz visit Gamache’s apartment. Gamache explains that Katie Evans’s murder originated with Edouard Valcourt’s death by suicide at university, caused by drugs supplied by Anton Boucher, nephew of Hell’s Angels leader Maurice Boucher. Anton consolidated power through connections with Antonio Ruiz to exploit the opioid crisis.


Gamache reveals his secret alliance with Zalmanowitz, begun at the meeting in Halifax, where he asked the chief crown prosecutor to suppress evidence so Anton would believe the Sûreté was incompetent. He then discloses something he kept from Zalmanowitz and the court: It was Jacqueline, not Anton, who killed Katie. Gamache explains he withheld this because he could not be certain the Crown’s office was not compromised. Gamache reveals that Jacqueline learned about the hidden smugglers’ door by spying on Anton and used it to remove and return the murder weapon. Her plan was to kill Katie and frame Anton, the two people she blamed for Edouard’s death.


In the present, Judge Corriveau initially denies knowledge of the scheme in an effort to protect Gamache but then admits she suspected perjury and allowed it to proceed because she trusted their motives. The premier suspends Gamache and Jean-Guy pending investigation and appoints Toussaint acting head of the Sûreté. He tells Judge Corriveau there will be no professional consequences for her. The premier expresses regret and promises a fair investigation.

Chapter 35 Summary

Clara hangs her new portrait series in the repaired bistro to cover the bullet holes. The paintings appear unfinished, their details blurred. When the villagers gather, Ruth is the first to inspect them closely and kisses Clara on the cheek. One by one, the others discover the secret: In the eyes of each subject is a tiny, perfect reflection of someone they love. In Rosa’s “haughty eyes” is Ruth, offering her a “nest” of sheets. The portraits capture intimate moments of love and connection.


Gamache calls Jean-Guy with the outcome of the premier’s meeting, confirming their suspensions but expressing determination to find the missing fentanyl shipment. A flashback shows the aftermath: Jean-Guy and Gamache stumbling back to the village, finding Lacoste being loaded into an ambulance with Ruth beside her. Ruth quietly tells Gamache that Lacoste has always been like a child to him, insisting he go with her. In the ambulance, Gamache sits at Lacoste’s head and whispers to her throughout the journey that she is loved, brave, and strong, that she saved them all, and that her family loves her.


In the present, Gamache goes to the hospital and finds Lacoste’s husband, Robert, reading aloud. Robert reports improved brain activity and shows Gamache the book Lacoste had asked about that night: Pinocchio. Gamache takes over, sitting beside Lacoste’s bed. Holding her hand, he continues to whisper encouragement. He then picks up the book and begins reading the story of a wooden boy and the conscience that would make him human.

Chapters 29-35 Analysis

These concluding chapters resolve the novel’s central conflict surrounding The Moral Failures of the Law. Armand Gamache’s covert operation culminates in extralegal actions he deems necessary to achieve justice. His admission to Jean-Guy that he “crossed that line the first time [he] ordered that [they] step back and not make an arrest” underscores that his choice to prioritize conscience over duty began long before his perjury (303). This choice reaches its apex when he pursues the American cartel leader across the US border, later stating he would have killed him “anyway,” regardless of jurisdiction. Gamache’s actions parallel those of the cobrador, a figure who operates outside legal frameworks to enforce a moral code, underscoring that when institutions prove ineffective against a threat like the opioid crisis, individual conscience may fill the void. Whether this is justifiable remains somewhat ambiguous as the novel reaches its conclusion. Both the cobrador (Jacqueline) and Gamache face legal repercussions for their actions; the authorities involved in each instance express sympathy but nevertheless prioritize the law over individual conscience, implying that the justice system retains value in the abstract, despite its failings.  


The culmination of Gamache’s plan completes his transformation from an upholder of institutional order to a figure who employs moral ambiguity and violence. The bistro shootout marks a definitive crossing of a threshold: He acts with swift efficiency, using a hunter’s knife to kill a bodyguard without hesitation, a violent act that contrasts with the restrained man who previously agonized over moral compromise. His demeanor just before the attack, perceived by Jean-Guy as an “extreme calm,” signals the resolve of a leader who has accepted the cost of his actions. The nature of the cartel threat forces this evolution; his former principled methods are ineffective against an enemy that exploits due process. In adapting his methods, however, he sacrifices a piece of his former self. His arc thus examines whether fighting an underhanded enemy requires adopting some of its characteristics. The tentative conclusion is that in certain conflicts, even principled figures must engage in morally compromising actions, but the novel also stresses that they must bear the consequences of doing so, professionally, legally, and spiritually.


The symbol of the hidden door here converges with another to underscore The Deceptive Nature of Appearances. The titular glass house is in part an allusion to the adage about casting reckless and hypocritical blame, but it also symbolizes a seemingly obvious reality that is not what it looks like from the outside. The Gamache’s operation is a metaphorical “glass house”: The Sûreté’s “obvious” incompetence is a ruse. Similarly, the hidden door in the church cellar functions as a symbol of layered deception. Literally, Jacqueline uses her knowledge of the door to manipulate the crime scene and create the false appearance of Anton’s guilt. More broadly, the door’s freshly oiled hinges reveal that the village’s idyllic facade conceals an active criminal enterprise repurposing old smuggling routes. These symbols work to show that what is visible—Sûreté ineptitude, a simple murder motive, a quaint village—is often a misdirection. The resolution hinges on Gamache’s ability to employ his own deception to expose the cartel’s operations, yet in stooping to this, he does precisely what the proverb cautions against.


The narrative structure reinforces these concerns by juxtaposing a chaotic climax with a quiet dénouement. The bistro shootout is rendered in fragmented prose that mirrors the event’s chaos, flashing between different perspectives and punctuated by sensory details, such as the text’s description of “Gunshots […] going off. Boom. Boom. Boom. Deafening” (354). This pacing slows in the subsequent chapters, which shift to measured, dialogue-driven scenes of explanation and emotional processing: Gamache’s recounting of events and the villagers’ silent understanding of Clara’s portraits. This shift reinforces that while the public conflict is resolved through violence, the moral and emotional resolution is achieved through introspection. That it is this private reckoning of conscience that the novel closes with suggests where its priorities lie.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Unlock all 62 pages of this Study Guide

Get in-depth, chapter-by-chapter summaries and analysis from our literary experts.

  • Grasp challenging concepts with clear, comprehensive explanations
  • Revisit key plot points and ideas without rereading the book
  • Share impressive insights in classes and book clubs