71 pages 2-hour read

Good Different

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2023

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Themes

Content Warning: This section of the guide features depictions of bullying and ableism.

The Challenges of Masking

Masking—the act of suppressing one’s natural behaviors, emotions, or traits to conform to social expectations—emerges as one of the central themes of Good Different, but it is also important to note that this coping mechanism is not always a conscious strategy. In Selah’s case, she has developed and internalized a rigid, intricate series of “rules” about how she must behave in order to avoid conflict, embarrassment, or rejection from her peers or from the authority figures in her life. The novel uses its verse form to illustrate the psychological weight of masking and the gradual unraveling of its usefulness, and this approach vividly captures the tension that Selah feels between appearing acceptable and being authentic. Through creative metaphors, interior monologue, and a fragmented structure, the narrative reveals how masking functions as a protective shield that ultimately becomes a barrier to connection, safety, and self-understanding.


Selah’s earliest rule—never cry in public—sets the tone for the elaborate system of masking that she develops. She cultivates what she calls a “Normal-person” face, a habit of smiling, nodding, and staying quiet regardless of how overwhelmed she feels. Her rules emphasize politeness and stillness, ultimately rendering her invisible. At one point, she lists a long series of expectations for her demeanor in public settings, admonishing herself to avoid conflict, stay neat, remain quiet when others speak, and suppress any reactions that might draw attention. Although she has developed these rules to protect herself, they also suffocate her, offering temporary stability while erasing her genuine needs. Masking becomes so habitual for Selah that she struggles to distinguish between expectations imposed by others and expectations that she has imposed on herself. As she admits, “It’s hard to tell / what are real rules / and what are my rules / from the way they grow together / like vines in a bush” (272). The metaphor of tangled vines conveys the idea that her compulsive masking blurs the boundary between self-protective behavior and genuine personality traits.


The emotional cost of masking intensifies as Selah faces increasing sensory overload and social pressure. She begins to feel that her “Normal mask” is “starting to crack” (63), and this development forces her to question whether constant suppression is truly safer than being perceived as unreasonable or strange. The novel’s structure also reflects these emotional shifts, for her internal monologues often accelerate into long, unbroken lines whenever her masking becomes unsustainable, as when she frantically thinks, “I was right the rules were right no one wants the real Selah inside” (126). The absence of punctuation and line breaks mirrors her spiraling thoughts, demonstrating how masking can collapse under acute emotional stress. 


Masking also isolates Selah from her peers, reflecting her worry that if she shows her real emotions or interests, she will lose her friendships or be judged as dangerous or disruptive. However, as the narrative progresses, Selah begins to interrogate the necessity and fairness of masking. This trend is made explicit when Mrs. V gently tells her that rules are not the same as truths; for Selah, these words open the possibility that the traits she hides may not be inherently wrong. Later, Selah’s autism diagnosis provides a framework for understanding why her masking felt essential—and why it was unsustainable. Her reversal is not instantaneous, but Selah does gradually shift from hiding her differences to advocating for them. Her new rules, which are listed at the novel’s end, emphasize showing honesty, asking for help, and being herself, and these new injunctions signal her embrace of greater confidence as she negotiates a safe space in which to show her most authentic self to the world.


Good Different portrays masking as a complex, often invisible burden carried by neurodivergent individuals. While masking initially protects Selah from scrutiny, it also keeps her disconnected from others and from her own identity. Through poetry, self-discovery, and support from trusted adults, Selah begins to unmask, revealing a path toward greater understanding, connection, and self-acceptance.

Self-Expression as a Tool for Advocacy

Self-expression emerges as one of Selah’s most powerful tools for understanding herself, and this approach eventually reshapes others’ perceptions as well. While her masking techniques suppress her interior world, Selah uses her poetry to articulate her feelings and sensory experiences and to metaphorically “voice” the fears that she cannot yet bring herself to speak aloud. As Selah begins to engage in self-advocacy by asserting her needs and challenging people’s misconceptions, she essentially invites her community to see her more accurately. Through the structure of the verse novel and Selah’s evolving relationship with her own writing, Good Different illustrates the idea that deliberate self-expression can become a catalyst for personal empowerment and cultural change.


Poetry first appears in Selah’s life as a private refuge, a space where she can name what is otherwise unnamable. Her early poems describe her discomfort with social expectations, her fascination with dragons, and her struggle to make eye contact. In accordance with this approach, Mrs. V’s encouragement validates Selah and helps her to realize that there is nothing inherently wrong with her inner world. Selah’s poem “Dragon-Girl,” for example, declares that dragons do not hide their emotions or adhere to petty social rituals, and this piece represents her longing to cast aside the restrictive rules that she follows in order to appear “Normal” (120). Through this comparison, Selah begins to understand that the only way to find authentic acceptance is to risk displaying her authentic self, but she also takes decisive steps to challenge injustices and carve out safe spaces where the truest version of her personality will be welcomed by those around her.


When Selah attends FantasyCon, the welcoming, neurodivergent-coded people that she meets in this unique space help her to realize that she has the power to declare her needs and adopt creative strategies to cope with her overwhelm and sensory differences. Empowered by the idea that others may share her experiences, Selah signs up for an open-mic reading and dares to give voice to the poetry that has remained silent up until this point. Her poem about being perceived as “weird” reveals her vulnerabilities, but when she admits that writing helps her “feel like a dragon” (179), this image celebrates her inner bravery and receives applause and warm responses. This moment transforms her poetry into a vehicle for genuine connection. Importantly, this public reading also exposes Selah to a broader disability community, foreshadowing her later use of poetry to advocate for herself and to critique the systemic flaws plaguing her school.


When she decides to distribute her poems throughout Pebblecreek Academy, she takes an active role in her own path. She wants the poems to be “something you could reach out and feel / with your hands” (240), and it is clear that she is no longer content to hide in the shadows and let her perspective remain misunderstood. Her success is reflected in the interest of her peers, who engage in spirited conversations that prompt them to reflect on their own social experiences. Even as the principal repeatedly removes the poems, they multiply, forming a grassroots movement initiated by a single voice. When Selah openly shares a poem revealing her autism diagnosis and asserts that being different does not make her wrong, this act of self-disclosure challenges the stigma against autism and redefines how her classmates understand her identity.

Repairing Relationships After Harm

Good Different illustrates the complexity of relationships among families and peers alike, suggesting that these evolving connections are constantly reshaped by episodes of misunderstanding, emotional intensity, and reconciliation. Selah’s journey is marked by moments in which harmful dynamics create a sense of distance between her and those she cares about. However, the narrative repeatedly returns to the idea that these same relationships can be strengthened if people are willing to reexamine their assumptions and admit their mistakes.


The ruptures between Selah and her peers often arise from neurotypical and neurodivergent misalignments. Her conflict with Addie, for example, is a misunderstanding that arises when Selah’s sensory overwhelm collides with Addie’s well-meaning but intrusive gesture of braiding her hair. When Selah lashes out physically at Addie, this reaction is part of an involuntary response to her own inner distress; she has no wish to harm her peer but cannot keep herself from responding to an external environment that has suddenly become intolerable. Selah’s eventual apology, which is delivered through a poem that explains the reasons behind her reaction, gives Addie the context she needs to appreciate Selah’s worldview and reach out to her as a friend. Addie’s compassionate response and heartfelt apology reflect her own maturity and growth, suggesting that relationships can be repaired if both parties approach each other willingly and openly. 


As Selah learns more about herself, she also gains the ability to repair her relationship with Noelle. Selah initially interprets Noelle’s moments of confusion or hesitation as rejection, while Noelle misreads Selah’s withdrawal as anger. Their mutual misunderstanding reflects the fragility of early adolescence, when friendship can feel conditional and uncertain, but it also outlines the dangers of making assumptions based solely upon another person’s body language, as these indicators can often be misinterpreted. When Selah finally voices her fears over the recent incidents, Noelle responds with honesty and reassurance, admitting, “Yeah, I mean, / I don’t get / you sometimes. / But so what? / Did you really think / I wouldn’t wanna be friends / over something like that?” (231). By showing Selah a bit of grace, Noelle allows the protagonist to reconsider her long-held assumption that her differences will inevitably cause her to lose those she considers to be her friends.


Just as Selah works to improve her connections to her peers, she also seeks to alter her family dynamics for the better. This aspect of the novel is primarily focused on her relationship with her mother, Sue. Much of their conflict arises from Sue’s fear of going against her own unspoken social “rules” and of making a mistake as a parent. In turn, Selah lives in fear of disappointing her mother, and the two labor at cross-purposes for much of the novel. Only after Selah shares the emotional truth behind her meltdown with Addie does Sue realize that she may have inadvertently contributed to Selah’s shame over her own differences. Later, when Sue recognizes her own autistic traits, the gap between mother and daughter narrows, opening up an unprecedented opportunity for mutual empathy. 


In each facet of Selah’s social world, the protagonist applies the important lesson that misunderstandings do not have to remain unresolved or mark the endpoint of a relationship. As Selah learns to address her concerns openly and express her emotions, she embraces opportunities to build more honest, resilient connections with those around her.

Combating Sensory Overwhelm and Finding Coping Strategies for Daily Life

Sensory overwhelm plays a foundational role in Good Different, shaping Selah’s emotional landscape and influencing her interactions with the world around her. Her struggle to adjust to the stresses of everyday life reflects common challenges faced by many neurodivergent people, shining a spotlight on these alternate ways of being and validating the experiences of those whose neurotype renders the world itself overwhelming. Through vivid metaphors and carefully structured verse, the text conveys the intensity of sensory input for people who have autism, highlighting how everyday environments can become unmanageable without appropriate support.


Many of the novel’s early poems depict sensory overwhelm as something intrusive and uncontrollable. Selah often experiences sound, touch, and emotional pressure as physical forces. At home, her neighbors’ loud parties feel invasive and impossible to escape. She describes the noise in hyperbolic terms, saying that it is as if they “picked the lock / to [her] body / and are walking inside [her] / with their muddy shoes” (32). By creating a metaphor that describes sound itself as a physical invasion and borderline assault, the novel emphasizes the intensity of Selah’s distress, delivering a vivid depiction of her baseline experience. While others might tolerate such noises easily, Selah experiences them as a violent attack against her emotional and physical well-being. At school, sensory information compounds with social pressure, culminating in moments when Selah feels she might “burst open,” like something inside her is building beyond containment. 


As Selah becomes more aware of her sensory experiences, she also becomes more intentional about implementing effective coping strategies. Inspired by a kind woman at FantasyCon who explains overstimulation, Selah feels a sudden sense of validation and eagerly adopts practical measures such as wearing earplugs at home so that she can sleep through the neighbors’ noise. She also shows an intense interest in advocating for her own needs, as when she shrugs off her mother’s rejection of her request to find sensory aids and starts making her own. She boldly assembles her own sensory toolkit, which contains gummies, sunglasses, fidgets, and other aids to help her tolerate the overwhelm that she experiences in class. Instead of suppressing her sensory needs to appear “Normal,” Selah learns how to accommodate them so that she can feel safe.


The novel also highlights how others respond to Selah’s sensory challenges. Some, like Mrs. V and Noelle, easily adapt their approach in order to support her, while others, such as Ezra and Mr. S, ridicule or police her coping mechanisms. When Mr. S confiscates her sensory tools, placing her sunglasses on his head “like [her] pain is just / another one of his jokes” (200), the scene illustrates his insensitivity to her differences and his insistence upon treating them as behavioral disruptions. This dynamic reinforces the social model of disability, showing how Selah’s struggles arise from external factors and from people who are unwilling to accommodate her needs.


At the novel’s conclusion, sensory overwhelm is still a part of Selah’s life, but she no longer sees her sensory differences as shameful, and she has learned to become more open about the reasons behind her discomfort with situations that do not faze neurotypical people. Even more importantly, her poetic celebrations of certain sensory experiences, like the smell of the woods or the feel of soft textures, emphasizes that sensory intensity is not inherently negative; it is simply different. Through Selah’s journey, Good Different affirms that for people with autism, recognizing and meeting unique sensory needs is an essential aspect of maintaining one’s well-being.

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