77 pages 2 hours read

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2003

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapters 13-18Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary: “Detention with Dolores”

During dinner, Harry hears murmured conversations about his argument with Umbridge. Hermione intervenes when Fred and George experiment with joke shop products on first-year Gryffindor students in the common room; she threatens to write to Mrs. Weasley. Hermione hides hats she knitted for house elves to find under rubbish. Ron argues that this is unethical; the house elves—who are freed if they are gifted clothing—might not want to be free. Hermione is resolute.


Every teacher tells them warningly about the importance of achieving strong outcomes in their O.W.L. assessments later that year, and the students are given copious amounts of homework. In Care of Magical Creatures, being taught by Professor Grubbly-Plank, Draco taunts Harry about the whereabouts of Hagrid, calling him a “moron” and suggesting that he might be injured.


Luna and Ernie Macmillan approach Harry publicly between classes to tell him that they believe his version of events and that Voldemort is back. Harry appreciates the support. Angelina, captain of the Gryffindor Quidditch team, is furious that Harry is missing their Friday Keeper tryouts because of his week of detentions with Umbridge.


During detention, Harry is instructed by Umbridge to write lines on parchment: “I must not tell lies” (247). He is surprised when no ink is provided but soon learns that, as he writes the lines on parchment, they are cut into the back of his right hand. The cuts deepen and become more painful as the week continues, leaving painful scarring.


Ron reveals that he wants to try out to be the Gryffindor Keeper; Harry is thrilled and supportive. Hermione remains resolute about her plan to free the house elves and spends much of her spare time knitting.

Chapter 14 Summary: “Percy and Padfoot”

Harry writes a coded letter to Sirius, telling him about his scar hurting and asking whether he knows the whereabouts of Hagrid. He takes it to the owlery and instructs Hedwig to deliver it. Harry sees another of the skeletal, winged leathery horses and is spooked by it. Cho Chang arrives, and Harry nervously talks to her. Cho tells him that she thinks him brave for standing up to Umbridge. Filch interrupts, wondering if Harry is ordering Dungbombs and asking for his letter. Triumphantly, Harry explains that it was already sent; Cho confirms his story.


The Daily Prophet reveals that Sirius is thought to be hiding in London; Harry, Hermione, and Ron worry that his trip to Kings Cross in his dog form exposed him. They also read that Sturgis Podmore—a member of the order—was arrested trying to break into a top-security section of the Ministry of Magic.


Harry and Ron practice Quidditch together before Gryffindor’s training, and Ron is playing well. Some Slytherins arrive for the actual training session. Ron is intimidated by their mockery and plays badly.


Percy writes to Ron, congratulating him on becoming a prefect. He also advises him to avoid associating with Harry and alludes to further Ministry intervention at Hogwarts, which Percy believes is positive. Percy advises Ron to align himself with Umbridge and criticizes their parents for siding with the wrong kinds of wizards, such as Dumbledore. Ron is disgusted, ripping Percy’s letter and burning it.


Sirius appears in the common room fireplace after everyone except Ron, Hermione, and Harry have gone to bed. They tell him about Umbridge’s lessons; Sirius explains that Umbridge’s insistence that Defense Against the Dark Arts lessons should be only theoretical is due to Fudge’s worry that Dumbledore is building an army at Hogwarts. Sirius tells them that Hagrid is on a special assignment for Dumbledore and not to worry. He suggests meeting them in dog form during their next Hogsmeade excursion; all three protest, indicating that it’s too dangerous. Sirius disappointedly says Harry is not as much like James as he had thought because James would relish the danger.

Chapter 15 Summary: “The Hogwarts High Inquisitor”

Over breakfast, Hermione reads in the Daily Prophet that Umbridge has been appointed as High Inquisitor at Hogwarts, allowing her unprecedented rights to evaluate the school and its staff. Harry, Hermione, and Ron are furious.


In Potions class, Snape returns the class’s homework essays. Hermione is relieved with her grade, while Ron and Harry are disappointed. In Divination class, Umbridge is present to assess Professor Trelawney’s performance. Trelawney is angry and indignant about her presence. Unimpressed with Trelawney’s teaching, Umbridge asks probing questions and demands that Trelawney make a prediction. In Defense Against the Dark Arts, Hermione attracts Umbridge’s ire by expressing an opinion not shared by their textbook writer. Harry receives another week of detentions after angrily pointing out that Professor Quirrell, who Umbridge praises as their best teacher of the subject in previous years, was secretly harboring Voldemort on the back of his head. Angelina is furious that Harry will miss more training. Harry is angered further when Professor McGonagall takes more points from Gryffindor after learning that Harry lost his temper with Umbridge again. In Transfiguration class, the students are delighted with Professor McGonagall’s tart indifference toward Umbridge, whom she tells to stop interrupting her class, which is practicing a vanishing spell. During Care of Magical Creatures, Harry is distressed when Umbridge seems to be gathering evidence of Professor Grubbly-Plank’s superiority to Hagrid as a teacher.


Ron and Hermione suggest to Harry that he should teach a practical, rather than theoretical, Defense Against the Dark Arts class. Harry becomes unexpectedly angry, shouting that they don’t understand the trauma of his experiences with Voldemort or the level of luck involved.

Chapter 16 Summary: “In the Hog’s Head”

Two weeks after their conversation, Hermione broaches the subject again. Harry begrudgingly admits that he has given it some thought and is interested in the idea. Hermione decides to arrange for anyone interested to meet at Hog’s Head pub in Hogsmeade. Harry is shocked when 25 students arrive. Zacharias Smith, a student from Hufflepuff, demands proof that Voldemort is alive. Concerned that people merely came to hear his version of events about the Triwizard Tournament, Harry angrily tells the group that he will not speak about Cedric’s death. He is surprised when all of the students stay.


The group discusses Harry’s impressive record of casting Defensive spells and overcoming adversity and the class logistics, which would occur weekly. Hermione insists that everyone record their name on parchment; some are concerned about this, but Hermione communicates that she appreciates the danger and will keep the list safe.


Ron is shocked to discover that Ginny is dating Michael Corner and that she used to like Harry. Harry is thrilled when Hermione tells him that Cho was gazing at him throughout the meeting.

Chapter 17 Summary: “Educational Decree Number Twenty-Four”

Harry feels excited that they have taken action to resist Umbridge and the Ministry. Signs posted around the school articulate a new educational decree by Umbridge: Students are no longer permitted to gather in organizations, teams, or groups. Harry and Ron worry that someone has reported their Defense Against the Dark Arts organization, but Hermione reassures them that she placed a jinx on the parchment that the group signed, which would allow them to know the offending member who had reported them. Distressed, Angelina tells Harry and Ron that the ban applies to Quidditch teams, and she has to apply for permission to reform the team. She begs Harry to keep his temper under control.


Hedwig arrives at their History of Magic class window, and Harry notices she is injured. He feigns illness to leave class and take her to Professor Grubbly-Plank, who assures Harry that she will be able to fix Hedwig. Professor McGonagall, also present in the staff room, infers that Harry was writing to Sirius and warns him that the Owl Post may be being monitored. Hedwig’s note was from Sirius, advising that he will speak to him via the fire “today, same time, same place” (322).


Draco loudly taunts Harry and Ron, saying that the Ministry will likely fire Mr. Weasley and that Harry will be taken to St. Mungo’s hospital due to his brain being affected by magic. Neville tries to attack Draco and is held off by Harry and Ron. In Potions class, Umbridge observes Snape, who is clearly angry when Umbridge asks him about his repeated, rejected requests to teach Defense Against the Dark Arts. Snape mocks Harry for his unsuccessful attempt at the assigned potion and assigns him an extra essay. In Divination class, Trelawney is angry and upset about Umbridge’s negative comments on her observation. In Defense Against the Dark Arts, the class again reads in silence from their textbooks. Angelina is angry that the Gryffindor Quidditch team still has not been permitted to reform, and thus they cannot practice.


Sirius appears in the fireplace. He reveals that Mundungus—assigned to guard Harry—was secretly spying on the group in Hog’s Head. Sirius is proud of the group’s decision to organize a resistance group; however, he passes on Mrs. Weasley’s warning that it is inadvisable to do anything that may get them expelled. Suddenly, Sirius looks around, and his head vanishes. Umbridge’s hand appears in the flames, groping around as if attempting to grab Sirius.

Chapter 18 Summary: “Dumbledore’s Army”

In Charms, the group works on a silencing charm with ravens and toads. Hermione’s suspicion that Umbridge has been intercepting Harry’s mail is seemingly confirmed by Umbridge’s attempt to capture Sirius in the fire. Filch’s accusation of Dungbombs was a ruse to allow Umbridge to monitor his mail. Angelina, Ron, Harry, and the other players are thrilled to receive permission to reform the Quidditch team. However, their first practice occurs in the driving rain and is not a success.


Hermione gets cold feet over the Defense Against the Dark Arts group. Sirius’s support makes her worry that it is a reckless choice; she believes that Sirius’s isolation has made him reckless and increases his desire to live vicariously through the group.


Harry’s scar hurts suddenly. He senses that Voldemort is angry and realizes that the last time he felt a connection, Voldemort was happy.


Later, Harry falls asleep while doing homework in the common room and dreams again of a corridor of locked rooms; he feels a sense of yearning toward one door. He wakes up when he is greeted by Dobby, the house elf, who has mended Hedwig on Professor Grubbly-Plank’s behalf. Dobby is wearing many hats and explains that none of the other elves will clean the Gryffindor common room as they don’t want to pick up one of Hermione’s hats accidentally. Dobby tells Harry he wishes he could find more ways to repay Harry for his choice to free him. Harry asks for Dobby’s help in finding an appropriate space for their Defense Against the Dark Arts classes; Dobby knows the perfect space, the Room of Requirement.


Following Dobby’s instructions, Harry, Ron, and Hermione summon the room into existence by passing the space three times while concentrating on their need. A door to a large room filled with helpful props and books appears. All the students who signed up arrive, and they name their group Dumbledore’s Army.


Harry instructs the group to start with the Disarming Charm: Expelliarmus. Zacharias is derisive about the simplicity of the spell; Harry silences him when he tells him that he used it successfully against Voldemort. The group starts practicing the spell in pairs. Cho makes a mistake when Harry walks by; she explains that Harry makes her nervous, and Harry is flattered. At the end of the class, Harry sends the students in groups, carefully monitoring their progress on the Marauder’s Map to ensure they reach their dormitories safely.

Chapters 13-18 Analysis

The theme of Bloodline and Species Discrimination is presented again through Sirius’s reference to Umbridge’s laws restricting werewolves: “She drafted a bit of anti-werewolf legislation two years ago that makes it almost impossible for him [Lupin] to get a job” (281). Rowling embeds a critique of those who have views about pure-blood supremacy by attributing this belief to antagonistic and hateful characters, such as Umbridge: “Umbridge loathes part-humans” (281). This also explains Umbridge’s dislike of Hagrid, a half-giant, and her efforts to have Professor Grubbly-Plank permanently replace him: “Well, you seem to know what you’re doing, at any rate” (300). She attempts to gather damning evidence about Hagrid’s previous classes, stating, “I hear that there have been injuries in this class?” (300).


In line with Rowling’s condemnation of bloodline and species-based hatred, the “half-humans,” Lupin and Hagrid, are characterized as kind and loving characters, whereas those who espouse pure-blood supremacy and species discrimination are characterized as cruel and immoral. Species discrimination is implied in Draco and Lucius’s derisive comments about teachers at Hogwarts. Draco constantly refers to Hagrid as a “moron” and tells Harry, “Maybe […] the stupid great oaf’s got himself badly injured,” a disrespectful comment that refers to Hagrid being a half-giant (241). Draco insultingly pairs Hagrid’s large size with his being “oaf-like” and “moronic.” In the Daily Prophet, Lucius expresses his opinion that “many of us […] have been concerned about some of Dumbledore’s eccentric decisions in the last few years and are glad to know that the Ministry is keeping an eye on the situation” (285). These “eccentric decisions” critique Dumbledore’s tolerance and support of several unconventional teachers, including Lupin and Hagrid. The Malfoys are known to be a pure-blood family; their sorting into Slytherin, a house that values wizards of “pure-blood” ancestry, is unsurprising in light of these beliefs.


Professor Umbridge is further characterized as a hateful antagonist, not only for her discriminatory views but also for her cruel punishment of Harry. Her glee at hurting Harry in a tortuous and humiliating manner is clear:


[…] the words had appeared on the back of Harry’s right hand, cut into his skin as though traced there by a scalpel—yet even as he stared at the shining cut, the skin healed over again. […] Harry looked round at Umbridge. She was watching him, her wide, toadlike mouth stretched into a smile (247).


The theme of Political Corruption is further explored in Umbridge’s unfettered power to torture students and humiliatingly inspect teachers who have worked at Hogwarts for decades. Without the corrupt leadership at the Ministry of Magic empowering her and placing her in a position of authority at Hogwarts, Umbridge would not have such unfettered domination over students and faculty. 


Dumbledore’s Army, founded by Harry, Hermione, and Ron, becomes a powerful symbol of resistance to the Ministry’s interference at Hogwarts via Umbridge. For Harry, this core group of students comprises individuals who believe Harry and Dumbledore’s version of events about Voldemort’s return; Harry’s joy at resisting Umbridge’s rule and unifying with others who believe him shows in his lifted mood:


Harry felt happier for the rest of the weekend than he had done all term. […] The knowledge they were doing something to resist Umbridge and the Ministry, and that he was a key part of the rebellion, gave Harry a feeling of immense satisfaction (324).


Earlier in the narrative, Harry struggles with his temper. His outbursts toward his friends stem from his feelings of isolation after the traumatic events of the previous year and his frustration with many voices deriding him. He yells at Hermione and Ron when they suggest that he could teach them about defensive magic: “[…] Harry felt his temper rise; he wasn’t sure why he was feeling so angry. […] ‘You don’t know what it’s like!’” (304). Dumbledore’s Army becomes a way for Harry to channel his feelings more constructively.


The genuine threat of Voldemort and the importance of the work of Dumbledore’s Army in training themselves in defensive magic is alluded to in Neville’s aggressive reaction to Draco outside of Potions class. Draco implies that Harry needs to be put in St. Mungo’s Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries and does an offensive imitation: “Malfoy made a grotesque face, his mouth sagging open and his eyes rolling” (334). Harry understands Neville’s reaction is based on Neville’s parents, who reside permanently at St. Mungo’s due to a torturous Cruciatus Curse used by Voldemort.


Young love, a plot element in the book, is characterized by stress and excitement. At the owlery, Harry is embarrassed when he can think of nothing more interesting to comment on to Cho Chang than the weather. Minutes later, he is elated when Cho tells him that she thought he was “really brave standing up to her [Umbridge] like that” (263). Similarly, he is thrilled when Hermione tells him that, at the meeting at the Hog’s Head, “she [Cho] just couldn’t keep her eyes off you, could she?” (323). On hearing this, Harry feels “as though boiling water was rising rapidly inside him; a burning sensation that was causing his face to smart in the cold—had he been that obvious?” (323). Furthermore, Harry learns that Ginny used to like him, and Ron is furious to learn that Ginny is seeing Michael Corner. Young love is represented as emotionally volatile, eliciting highs and lows for participants and observers alike.


Rowling adds dimension and layers to well-known characters as the narrative progresses, demonstrating how external events and internal struggles shape their choices and behavior. Hermione’s depiction as an ethical, passionate person is further solidified in her continued determination to continue her elf rights project. A keen observer of human behavior, Hermione is the first to assert that the Ministry is monitoring Hogwarts, leading her to take precautions to protect the identities of those in Dumbledore’s army. Her ability to plan and anticipate problems is increasingly valuable. Meanwhile, Sirius’s irresponsible guardianship of Harry is suggested by his angry and immature reaction to Harry cautioning him not to come to Hogsmeade: “‘You’re less like your father than I thought,’ he said finally, a definite coolness in his voice. ‘The risk would’ve been what made it fun for James’” (283) Sirius is trying to replace James through Harry, and—frustrated with his imprisonment at Grimmauld place—is trying to live vicariously through the group of young friends, rather than considering the safest and most sensible course of action. This is echoed in Sirius’s support of their plan to found Dumbledore’s Army despite the very real risk of expulsion.


Harry’s dangerous connection to Voldemort is alluded to by the pain in his scar, which elicits feelings of joy or anger depending on Voldemort’s mood. This connection, as well as the climactic conclusion of the story at the Ministry of Magic, is alluded to in Harry’s recurring dream about “a windowless corridor […]. As the door at the end of the passage loomed larger, his heart beat faster with excitement” (356). The reader will later learn that Harry dreams of Voldemort’s desperate wish to get the prophecy from the Ministry of Magic.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Unlock all 77 pages of this Study Guide

Get in-depth, chapter-by-chapter summaries and analysis from our literary experts.

  • Grasp challenging concepts with clear, comprehensive explanations
  • Revisit key plot points and ideas without rereading the book
  • Share impressive insights in classes and book clubs