54 pages • 1-hour read
Thomas Schlesser, Transl. Hildegarde SerleA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of illness, death, substance use, and substance dependency.
Mona and her grandfather’s weekly museum visits offer her an atypical throughway into exploring common aspects of the human experience. At the start of the novel, Mona is just 10 years old and has few emotional skills to navigate her complicated, unresolved ophthalmological condition. When she experiences her first TIA, the narrator remarks that “A child of ten, settled and anxious, expresses distress bluntly, without embellishment or lyricism” (1). Since Mona is young and naïve, she is unaware of how to make sense of her internal experience, but connecting with art helps her learn more about herself. Through Mona’s experiences, the novel presents art education as emotional formation.
Initially, when Mona experiences intense emotions, she will cry or self-isolate. Her ophthalmologist worries that if Mona were to lose her eyesight, she would have trouble navigating the emotional and psychological repercussions, which is why he recommends she start seeing a psychiatrist. Her grandfather inserts himself into this vital aspect of her mental health care, convinced that an education in art history will in fact be a worthier way to guide Mona into a more adult understanding of human emotions: “If one day Mona became permanently blind, she would at least have the benefit of a kind of reservoir, deep in her brain, from which to draw some visual splendors” (17). Over the course of their weekly museum visits, Dadé teaches Mona about countless works of art, underscoring art’s power to evoke emotions and clarify ineffable aspects of being alive.
Each work of art Mona and Dadé visit offers a throughway into a new emotional exploration, or wider truth about humanity. The novel’s overarching narrative structure enacts this phenomenon: Schlesser’s use of titling guides the reader into the chapters by offering the name of the artist the characters will study and the overarching lesson they’ll garner from it. Since Dadé and Mona both share their interpretations of each piece of artwork, the conclusions they draw are collaborative. Dadé teaches Mona that there is no right or wrong way to experience art—whatever she feels from viewing art is valid and essential to understanding her own emotional interior:
Stop apologizing when you think your feelings don’t conform to what’s expected of you. You’re free to feel whatever you like. And I’ll go one better: your uneasiness in front of this painting in which Magritte evokes an unsettling, lugubrious atmosphere is proof that you know how to look at this painting, that you find in it what the artist put in it. (400)
Dadé is teaching Mona that an education in art is an education in the self and the psyche. Whatever Mona sees, feels, and experiences while viewing the artwork is correct, because her internal experience is valid in its own right. Each work might contain its own identifiable elements or ideas, but each one elicits a unique response from each viewer.
Over the course of the novel, Mona learns to apply the esoteric lessons she learns from her art education to her own experience. Lessons about control, detachment, romance, and transformation help her to navigate her parents’ arguments, father’s financial struggles, mother’s constant worrying, best friend’s move away, and her own eye condition. Thus, the more she immerses herself in art, the better she understands herself and her emotions.
Mona’s Eyes is a coming-of-age novel which traces the 10-year-old protagonist Mona’s journey from childhood into adolescence—a journey prematurely catalyzed by her temporary and inexplicable bout of blindness at the novel’s start. Mona develops from a frightened and confused young child to a more settled and comfortable individual thanks to delving into both artistic and familial history, reflecting the value of navigating self-discovery via explorations of the past.
In the wake of Mona’s mysterious TIA, Mona is forced to confront her fragility and to stay strong on behalf of her worried parents. Her mother, Camille, is nervous and anxious throughout the novel, constantly fretting over Mona’s condition and challenging the doctor’s plans for her treatment. Meanwhile, her father, Paul, is so despairing over his business’s failure that he resorts to heavy drinking, rendering him chronically absent from the home and Mona’s care. As a result, Mona finds herself feigning an adult sensibility: When she witnesses one of her parents’ fights over money and Paul’s drinking habit, for example, she tries ‘to free herself […] from her child’s body” so as to ape “clumsily but valiantly, a grown-up making a suggestion” (69). Such dynamics keep Mona from experiencing a typical childhood experience.
To navigate her increasingly tenuous personal, medical, and familial realities, Mona finds herself delving into the past to make sense of where she comes from and who she wants to be. In her trips to the museums with her grandfather, Mona is learning that studying works of art grants her insight into the late artist’s personal lives and experiences; these works also offer throughways into lost eras of human history.
Mona applies this lesson to her own life as she journeys toward adolescence. She starts to mine her familial history (and later her personal history via hypnotherapy) by seeking answers to who her late grandmother really was and how she really died. The more she discovers about Mamie via the secreted basement archives, the more Mamie surfaces in her hypnotherapy visions. These visions help Mona remember her deep connection with her late grandmother, and how Mamie’s last words to her have shaped who she is in the present.
Mona’s last memory of her grandmother and the pendant Mamie gave Mona act as tangible evidence of how her past relates to her developing identity. In this final memory, Mamie gives Mona her pendant and tells her, “Forget the negative; keep the light forever inside you” (460). These words are emblematic of Mona’s personal ethos. She not only cannot use negation in her linguistic expression, she also always chooses to embrace life’s joys over its woes. Once she remembers Mamie’s words, she is able to reconnect with her essential, child self. Further, keeping her pendant around her neck maintains Mona’s connection with her grandmother, and thus her personal and familial histories.
Mona and her grandfather’s weekly museum ritual strengthens their connection by overcoming their generational differences and offering them a transformative point of connection. Before Dadé steps in as Mona’s art mentor, he already has a deep fondness for his granddaughter. She reminds him of his late wife, and has a magical way of experiencing the world which he admires. Mona is also attached to her grandfather, whom she admires for his boldness, confidence, good looks, and respectability. This innate connection allows their weekly museum trips to advance their relationship, building intergenerational intimacy through teaching.
The way Mona responds to her grandfather’s art history lessons captures how transformative his pedagogical role is in her life. Unlike Dadé, Mona’s parents relate to her at a remove. They are not overtly abusive or neglectful, but they infrequently invest in Mona in a concentrated, one-on-one way. Mona has trouble relating to and trusting them as a result, often feeling that she must assume the adult role in their familial sphere. By way of contrast, Mona respects and looks up to her grandfather. He is her intellectual and emotional superior, but he does not wield his authority with aggression, pity, or condescension, instead giving Mona someone to admire. He acts as her role model and archetypal guide. His lessons are an essential part of this dynamic:
But the silence that followed her grandfather’s explanation [of the painting], the generosity he’d shown in conveying it to her, and then—she had to admit—the overall beauty of what his deep voice was sharing with her made her heart contract […] caus[ing] a fine mist of tears to spring from her eyes, dimming, all at once, the lights of the Louvre. (41)
Mona is moved to tears by her grandfather’s lesson when they are visiting Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa. She is impressed by his insightful remarks on the painting, but more so by his willingness to teach her—to share his knowledge and to invest in her. For Dadé, teaching is indeed a way for him to connect with his granddaughter and show her love. Dadé isn’t a licensed psychiatrist, but he does have insight into the human experience and a raw and abiding love for Mona. In tandem, these sentiments grant Dadé the grace to relate to Mona and meet her where she is.
Over time, their relationship deepens, offering each of the characters a much-needed way to navigate life’s unpredictable challenges. Mona’s childlike wonder and unbridled modes of self-expression help Dadé open up to Mona as much as Dadé’s gentleness and strength offer Mona a safe space to explore her emotional interior as she comes of age.



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