63 pages 2-hour read

Chris Bohjalian

Midwives

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1997

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Part 2, Chapters 6-9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death, substance use, child sexual abuse, and graphic violence.

Part 2, Chapter 6 Summary

Charlotte’s second son is christened Veil. As the ice is scraped off from the road on the morning of his birth, the rescue squad and police arrive at the Bedford home. The bedroom is surveyed by the medical examiner, and Charlotte is pronounced dead and taken to a funeral home in Burlington while Veil goes to the children’s hospital. Sibyl tells Rand about the tragedy when she gets home; the Danforths decide to tell Connie together once she gets back from school.


However, in school, Connie’s friends mention the fast-spreading news about the bloody death. Connie blurts out that her mother may have been present at the home of the Bedfords. When Connie gets home, she tells Rand about what she’s heard. Rand fills in the details for Connie. At the time, she and Rand are most worried that a civil suit will be filed against Sibyl (since lay midwives are not registered, a malpractice suit cannot be brought against them).

Part 2, Chapter 7 Summary

Sibyl joins Rand and Connie in the kitchen, Connie noting that her mother looks dull, as if her aura—one of Sibyl’s favorite words—has been diminished. The family sits in the den in near silence, a blanket wrapped around Sibyl. As evening falls, a couple of state troopers show up at the house to question Sibyl. Though Rand wants the men to visit later, as Sibyl is in a state of shock, the officers tell him that they want to get Sibyl’s memories while they are still fresh. Sergeants Rhode and Tilly come into the den and ask Sibyl to tell them what she witnessed during Veil’s birth.


As Rhode and Tilly ask questions, Rand wonders if Sibyl should have an attorney present. However, Sibyl tells Rand that she doesn’t need an attorney, as she has nothing to hide. She answers all the officers’ questions until they have 11 pages worth of notes. Rhodes asks Siby to sign the affidavit, and she complies, despite Rand’s reservations. Connie will later wonder if the officers did Sibyl a disservice by questioning her without an attorney present. However, the officers’ move to take Sibyl off guard will end up working in Sibyl’s favor. During the trial, Stephen (Sibyl’s attorney) will stress that Sibyl was not read her Miranda Rights, arguing that the state was biased against Sibyl from the beginning.

Part 2, Chapter 8 Summary

Sibyl’s journals recall the second time Charlotte visited her. Charlotte looks at photos of the babies Sibyl has delivered, using them to show Foogie how his little sister may look. Foogie insists that he wants a baby brother. Sibyl remembers Asa saying that he doesn’t care about the baby’s gender; all he wants is for the baby to be healthy. Since Charlotte is doing well, Sibyl is sure Asa will get his wish.


After the troopers question Sibyl, Rand decides that his wife may need an attorney. Sibyl and Rand go to Montpelier to meet lawyers the next day, leaving Connie by herself. Rollie drops in before lunch. She and Connie spend their time listening to the voice messages on the phone, many of them from journalists requesting an interview, and others from members of the MANA, the Midwives Alliance of North America, offering help and support. After Rollie leaves, Tom Corts drops in unexpectedly. By now, he and Connie have been going steady for four months. Connie thinks that he may be disappointed in her shabby clothes, but Tom clasps her in a warm hug, comforting her. As they sit in the den, Tom is careful not to ask Connie about Charlotte’s death, focusing instead on Sibyl’s well-being.

Part 2, Chapter 9 Summary

Sibyl describes the night that the state troopers showed up at her house to arrest her. The irony is that she had expected to be arrested in her youth, when she would call police officers “pigs” and smoke marijuana all the time. That she is being arrested now seems like a joke. Stephen tells the officers that handcuffing Sibyl is not necessary, but the officers do it all the same. The oddest part of the handcuffs is not the metal circles, but a garden-hose-like sleeve circling each bracelet, as if to protect the wrists.


A 36-year-old lawyer named Stephen Hastings takes up Sibyl’s case. Stephen is a relatively high-profile attorney from Burlington, known for favorable verdicts in sensational cases, such as a not-guilty outcome for “the power company executive who was accused of drowning his wife in Lake Champlain” (123). Rand later tells Connie that he and Sibyl took to Stephen instantly when they met him on Saturday. Stephen tells the Danforths that Bill Tanner, the state attorney, will want a case against Sibyl and could even suggest that Charlotte’s death was intentional. However, he assures Rand that Tanner won’t even be able to arraign Sibyl on the charges. Nevertheless, it is important to start building a defense for Sibyl.


Stephen’s hunch proves prophetic. The Sunday newspapers are filled with one-sided, grisly accounts of Charlotte’s death, with doctors’ testimonies emphasizing the danger of home births. It seems a public opinion is already forming against Sibyl. More ominously, Anne has not responded to any of Sibyl’s calls since the night Charlotte died. On Monday, Stephen shows up with a photographer to capture Sibyl’s injuries. He asks Connie to step out with him to the kitchen to give Sibyl privacy as the photographer shoots the lacerations on her thighs. Connie likes the fact that Stephen talks to her as if she were a grown-up. She is also impressed by his savvy dressing and confident manner. Meeting Stephen bolsters Connie’s hopes about Sibyl’s future. That night, she goes to sleep confident that her mother has found the best possible lawyer.


Later, however, a particularly painful moment twists Connie’s faith in Stephen. When Sibyl’s trial is well underway, Connie spots Stephen, Bill Tanner, and the judge, Dorset, having a quick breakfast in the courtroom before the day’s session begins. Connie can hear the men talk about the trial as they munch on bananas and dry cereal, Tanner complimenting Stephen on his work and Stephen insisting that Tanner will win. Connie is shocked not because Stephen is fraternizing with Tanner, their enemy, but because for the men, the trial is just dispassionate work, while for the Danforths, it is their entire life.

Part 2, Chapters 6-9 Analysis

The Legal System’s Power to Define the Truth emerges explicitly as a theme with the state troopers visiting Sibyl to get her account of Charlotte’s death. From the moment the troopers meet Sibyl, they exert their power to construct a particular narrative. The officers tell Sibyl that they must get her account immediately, when her memories are fresh, giving her no time to reflect on her memories. Further, the officers downplay the importance of having a lawyer present. Nor do they read her the Miranda Rights, knowing that Sibyl’s raw testimony can prove ammunition in the hands of the state. At the same time, the very fact that Sibyl is not read her Miranda Rights allows Stephen to question the validity of her first testimony. Thus, the narrative shows that it is not the truth that is at stake in the legal system, but its presentation. Moreover, the legal system’s version of the truth may be different from the lived experiences of the people involved.


Stephen’s character embodies Connie’s resulting ambivalence toward the legal system. Before Connie establishes how her teenage self initially viewed the charming Stephen as a savior for her family, the grown-up narrator recalls a painful memory that undermines Stephen’s character: Stephen’s casual discussion of her mother’s case with Tanner over breakfast. The details of the scene—the hurried manner in which the men devour the cereal, the way they drop the act of being on opposite teams—show Connie that the trial is a mundane matter of notching victories for the lawyers, not a pure-minded quest for the truth. The catalog of Stephen’s prior cases adds to this impression. Connie notes, with an undertone of irony, that the power-company executive charged with his wife’s murder and the “high-school English teacher who was charged with having sex with two fifteen-year-old girls from one of his classes. With Stephen’s help […] were both found not guilty” (123)—the strong implication being that Stephen did not care if his clients had in fact committed serious crimes.


The newspaper coverage of Charlotte’s death further illustrates the novel’s focus on subjectivity and different perceptions of the truth. Connie notes that the story of the event changes dramatically over the course of a single day. While in Saturday’s newspapers, the death is a tragic accident resulting from natural causes, by Sunday, it is a sinister outcome of a midwife trying to play doctor. Connie notes that the one-sided story that the newspapers build up does not take into account Sibyl’s testimony. In fact, her silence is interpreted as damning, when in reality, Stephen has simply advised her not to speak to the press. Further, the papers situate the story amid an ongoing debate around midwives, with doctors stating that home births are inherently dangerous, which is why they “prefer the technological and institutional support of a hospital” (132). While the context is not irrelevant, it risks eliding the particulars of Charlotte’s case (for example, Sibyl’s desire to take her to a hospital), demonstrating how framing can subtly change the tenor of even basic facts.


The doctors’ testimonies also further the theme of The Debate Between Alternative and Institutionalized Medicine, showing the polarization of views. Many of the doctors who publish their opinions have not met Sibyl or learned her side of the story, yet they chime in because of their ongoing agenda against midwives. Dr. Dumond’s vocabulary is particularly loaded, as he claims that Sibyl ripped apart Charlotte’s body without anesthesia. Tom Corts makes a prescient remark about doctors in a previous scene, expressing his fear that the town doctors will go after Sibyl en masse since “they’re like pack animals. Wolves. They surround their prey and go right for the throat” (111). Tom’s simile reveals a mistrust of institutionalized care, where doctors’ power and expertise become a means of dismissing their clients. That mainstream health settings often alienate people—particularly those who are already disenfranchised—partly explains why many seek alternative forms of care, but the doctors quoted in the newspaper perpetuate rather than grapple with this reality.

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