67 pages 2-hour read

My Friend Dahmer

Nonfiction | Graphic Novel/Book | Adult | Published in 2012

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Prologue-Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Prologue Summary

The first panel depicts a long, undulating country road in black and white, and a lone boy walking alongside it with his back towards the reader. The following panels focus on the boy’s feet mid-stroll as he comes across a dead cat. The boy, his face in shadow, picks up the carcass and walks to the back of his house. There he meets three boys cutting through his property, who are displeased to see him. He tells them he plans to dissolve the cat “in some acid” (21), which his chemist dad owns. He leads the boys to his “hut” where he keeps jars of dissolving dead animals. Disgusted and scared, the boys ask him for an explanation, and he replies, “It interests me. What’s inside a body” (23), his face covered in shadow and sweat. One of the boys disbelieves him; this angers him, so he smashes one of the jars, the smell of acid rising in a cloud from the jar’s carcass. The boys run out of the hut, and one of them yells: “GAWD, DAHMER!! YOU ARE SUCH A FREAK!” (26). In the final panel, Dahmer stands alone, his head bowed, and his shadow looming large along the road.

Part 1 Summary: “The Strange Boy”

The narrator, Derf, meets fellow seventh grader Dahmer at Eastview Junior High in 1974. Dahmer is a shy boy, a “social invalid,” shown with an angular face, blonde hair, and heavy glasses; other boys often tease him, calling him “Dumber.” Derf is Dahmer’s partner in biology class. Dahmer does his part but also takes interest in a jar containing a fetal pig.


Despite the school being overcrowded with students, Dahmer is “the loneliest kid I’d ever met” (33), never making any friends. Later that day, Dahmer steals the fetal pig.


Dahmer lives in the countryside, outside the city of Akron, Ohio (once prosperous before going bankrupt during the recession in the 1970s). While seemingly peaceful and safe, rural life also becomes “the unlikeliest of breeding grounds for the most depraved serial killer” (37). Dahmer enters his house, eyes empty and gaze indifferent. In his hut, Dahmer takes the pig from his backpack and dissects it.


Dahmer lives with his parents and younger brother. His father, Lionel, is a chemist, an intellectual disinterested in children. His mother, Joyce, is “odd. Very moody and fragile” (40), and spends time with an interior decorator who suffers from cerebral palsy. The Dahmers live in the woods, away from the suburban neighborhood, “the house itself mirrored Jeff’s isolation” (41). Dahmer’s parents argue all the time, and he himself lies in the darkness and listens. However, in tenth grade he changes (this panel is painted completely black).


In 1975, at Revere High School, a sophomore Dahmer pretends to have “fake epileptic fits” (47) in the school library—and all the students laugh, fascinated by his imitation of cerebral palsy. Derf wonders why Dahmer’s behavior failed to attract the attention of staff, but concludes that there are many students with similar patterns of behavior (a boy named Lloyd Figgs is depicted throwing a tantrum). Dahmer is now tall and muscled, but he walks stiffly, his arms to the side, and has a “stony mask of a face” (50). He changed from “shy geek to spaz freak” (51), amusing the other students. While Derf constantly thinks of girls, Dahmer obsesses over a young male jogger who runs past his house. However, in his fantasies, the jogger is dead.


Dahmer’s antics make him popular at school, but he continues to obsess over the jogger, so he decides to wait in ambush for him in the woods—but the jogger does not appear.


Derf likes Dahmer, but “something creepy” wards him from trying to socialize with him outside of school. While Derf’s life is similar to Dahmer’s on the surface (their fathers are both chemists, and they both have a younger brother), Dahmer lives in a terrible household. Dahmer’s mother suffers from drug addiction and depression, her fits being the source of inspiration for Dahmer’s “act.” Derf justifies his own inaction in helping Dahmer by asserting that he was a child living in a different time—but he does pose the question, “Where were the damn adults?” (67). 

Part 2 Summary: “A Secret Life”

Dahmer goes fishing at his friend Neil’s man-made lake. They talk about a girl from their school who died by suicide. When Dahmer catches a fish, his face is once again drawn in shadow; instead of throwing the fish back in the lake, he starts to sweat, pulls out a penknife, and brutally butchers the animal. Neil yells at him, but Dahmer says, trance-like, “I just wanted to see what it looked like” (78).


Now juniors, Derf frames Dahmer as knowing he was unwell, “but there was no one he could turn to for help” (81). Dahmer starts to drink heavily to numb himself, even in school, yet not a single teacher reacts. Even for the “free” 1970s (in which students were known to smoke marijuana in the bathrooms), Dahmer’s habit is alarming; but in hindsight, a school councilor says, “I can’t say there were any signs he was different or strange” (85). Derf wonders if Dahmer would’ve become a serial killer had a single adult reached out to him. He sees his former classmate as a “tragic figure,” albeit an unsympathetic one.


While Derf experiences a normal day during the winter of 1976, shoveling snow with his brother and watching a sports game on TV, Dahmer sits alone as his parents constantly fight. He leaves the house, and instead of using acid to dissolve dead animals, he begins to strip their flesh with a knife deep in the woods.


During a week-long school trip to Washington D.C., Dahmer stops drinking. On a free day, he, Neil, and their friend Penny visit the office of vice president Walter Mondale.


Back home, Dahmer relapses. Derf doesn’t see him during the summer of 1977, but Dahmer’s neighbors often spot him in the woods beating trees with heavy sticks. Dahmer’s parents finally split up, and his father leaves the family home; the divorce is a messy affair. Derf asserts that Dahmer’s parents abandoned him at a crucial moment in his life, as he was slipping into insanity. Dahmer baits a stray dog to his secret place in the woods, intending to kill it, but he relents at the last moment. Derf claims, “It was also the last time he would show mercy” (106-107). The final panel shows Dahmer sitting on his sacrificial stone, caressing a skull.

Prologue-Part 2 Analysis

The opening page of the graphic novel/memoir contains a splash (a panel covering the whole page), allowing the reader to understand the visual choices of the artist (as Backderf is the writer, illustrator and letterer of the novel). The image is in stark black and white, with the author using heavy shading to create depth of field and an atmosphere of dread. An undulating dark road separates the image into a foreground, midground, and background; the solitary figure in the foreground appears small due to him being presented from a bird’s eye view. Despite Dahmer being the novel’s focal point, the reader first sees his foreshortened figure from behind, as if indicating that he will remain unknowable.


The following pages include special effects lettering (i.e., the crunching of Dahmer’s shoes) to indicate a tone of apprehension and expectation, which pays off once the boy comes across a dead animal. Backderf doesn’t render the animal realistically (the style appears cartoonish, including a lolling tongue and buzzing flies), yet the images are striking in their simplicity. The boy prods the carcass and then picks it up. The reader’s first look at Dahmer’s face is hindered by heavy shading, which leaves his features in near-darkness, implying a loss of humanity. Through this style, the author foreshadows future events and helps position the reader’s perspective on Dahmer’s character.


Backderf also utilizes an unusual style of lettering in which he bolds key words in every sentence, indicating the words’ deeper meaning; they can almost be read as separate thoughts. In doing so, the author enhances the significance of select text as the reader’s eye catches bolded words more readily. This combination of simple black-and-white visuals and all-caps, bolded lettering helps maintain a threatening tone.


Alongside the initial splash, the plot starts in medias res, as older boys accost Dahmer and he reveals his secret hobby to them. By reducing exposition, Backderf thrusts the reader into Dahmer’s world. While a young Backderf serves as the narrator, he focuses on Dahmer, allowing the reader glimpses into the latter’s behavior as well as thoughts realistically unavailable to Backderf. This creates a sense of duality: The reader is both an observer of Dahmer’s life and a participant in his turmoil. Backderf’s technique allows the reader some distance while experiencing the terror of Dahmer’s descent into madness. The visuals help illustrate Dahmer’s experience (e.g., the final panel on page 24, the splash on page 27, and the middle left-hand panel on page 55). In such drawings, Dahmer abandons his typical “stony mask” in lieu of human pain.


In Part 1, Backderf illustrates the social climate prevalent in the American Midwest during the 1970s, as the Baby Boom generation is reaching young adulthood and schools are overpopulated—which implies teachers do not have enough time and resources to dedicate to each student. In hindsight, the author seeks reasons as to why no one registered Dahmer’s deteriorating mental, psychological, and physical health, as the boy developed alcoholism and matured into a deeply disturbed and isolated individual. Prior to Dahmer’s descent into madness, the rural area near Akron, Ohio in which he lives experiences the worst recession since the Big Depression, and the state struggles to keep the economy afloat.


Backderf depicts Dahmer’s family life as that of discord, of his parents’ constant fighting. He describes Dahmer’s father as a passive man, largely uninvolved in the life of the family, and Dahmer’s mother as a psychologically unstable woman, prone to depressive moods. This offers another explanation as to why Dahmer’s mental health goes unregistered at home—his parents being preoccupied with themselves and their crumbling marriage. Throughout the novel, the author invites the reader to examine why a disturbed individual such as Dahmer was able to fall through the cracks of the system, and reach the point of no return by becoming a serial killer. He points out Dahmer’s imitation of someone suffering from cerebral palsy (based on his mother’s friend, an interior decorator), which makes the boy briefly popular in school instead of alerting everyone that his behavior is growing more and more unacceptable.


In Part 2, Backderf offers the reader a clear juxtaposition between a happy family life (by depicting his own family and their experiences) and the pain and suffering of the Dahmer household. However, the novel is not without moments of levity. By depicting the class visit to Washington, the author highlights Dahmer’s intelligence and ability to think on his feet. This event poses the question of what Dahmer could have achieved had he been helped. This question doesn’t just apply to Dahmer’s case, but it becomes a plea for understanding others and their illnesses at any time or place.

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