38 pages • 1-hour read
Noël CowardA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of physical abuse.
The following morning, Victor and Sibyl awaken on separate sofas in front of Amanda and Elyot’s bedroom doors. The French housekeeper, Louise, arrives and is shocked to see the room in disarray. She retreats to the kitchen as Victor consoles a crying Sibyl. He tells her they must confront their partners and settle their affairs. Sibyl is disgusted by the fight she witnessed, and they both feel they’ve escaped bad marriages.
Amanda emerges from her room with a suitcase, ready to leave the apartment. She acts nonchalant about Victor and Sibyl’s presence, so Victor moves the sofa to let her out. She relents to his demand to stay and talk but declares she needs coffee first and goes to the kitchen. Coming out with his suitcase, Elyot at first retreats to his room but then pushes away the sofa with Sibyl on it. He casually introduces himself to Victor, who threatens to fight him for his flippancy. Elyot retorts that flippancy is his solution for this embarrassing situation. He apologizes to Sibyl and agrees to stay.
Amanda haughtily complains that breakfast is not ready. When she praises the delights of Paris, Elyot mocks her artificial poise and tact. Amanda declares that she was raised to regard a man hitting a woman as unacceptable, but Elyot retorts that some women need to be struck regularly. They insult each other, with Elyot repeatedly calling her a “slattern” (73). When Victor comes to Amanda’s defense, ready to fight Elyot, Sibyl steps in between the two men. She asks Amanda for help, so Amanda brings Sibyl into her room to leave the two men alone.
Elyot takes back his insults about Amanda but asserts that women are vain and have always enjoyed seeing men fight over them. Victor calls him a coward and unmanly, but Elyot argues that fighting wouldn’t solve anything unless Victor wins. Victor repeatedly asks if Elyot loves Amanda. Elyot doesn’t this morning, but believes that if Victor loves her, Victor can forgive her. Depressed, Elyot declares that both women will forget him and he will die alone.
Victor intends to divorce Amanda and expects Elyot to remarry her. Elyot refuses, declaring Amanda wicked and insulting Victor as a weak Englishman who hasn’t the guts to shoot him. Elyot storms back into his room, leaving Victor fuming.
Amanda and Sibyl enter, and Amanda accuses Victor of not being man enough to beat up Elyot. Sibyl comes to Elyot’s defense, and the two women argue. Amanda accuses Sibyl of being naïve and contradictory for criticizing and then defending Elyot. Sibyl blames Amanda for her failed first marriage and considers taking Elyot back.
Sibyl enters Elyot’s room. Meanwhile, Victor helps Amanda tidy up the apartment. Amanda apologizes to him, ashamed of her behavior. Victor repeatedly asks whether she loves Elyot; Amanda admits that she hates him, but that the worst part of her can’t resist him. Victor still loves Amanda but realizes that she doesn’t return the feeling, though Amanda genuinely believed she did. Victor decides not to put her through the stigma of initiating divorce, which would label her as an adulterer. Instead, he offers to let her divorce him after Sibyl and Elyot settle their divorce.
Sibyl announces that she will not divorce Elyot; rather, they will live separately for a year; Victor and Amanda plan to do the same. Louise brings out breakfast, and Amanda courteously serves coffee. The four chat about the French Riviera and the excitement of traveling abroad, but the civility lulls. Elyot makes side remarks that only Amanda understands, and she chokes on her laughter after he makes a sexual innuendo. The two secretly wink and smile at each other when Victor and Sibyl bicker. Sibyl accuses Victor of being weak and having no sense of humor. Victor calls her whiney and irritating, and insults her intelligence. Elyot and Amanda rise from the table holding hands as Victor and Sibyl’s argument escalates. Sibyl slaps Victor’s face, and he shakes her by the shoulders. Elyot and Amanda smile and leave with their suitcases.
In the final act, the set mirrors the split space of the terrace in Act 1; Victor and Sibyl blocking the separate bedrooms in the Parisian flat recreates the dynamic of the adjacent hotel rooms. The similarity reveals that little has changed during Elyot and Amanda’s escapades, as they are essentially back where they started—at opposite ends of the stage in bitter enmity. The play ends with them once more united, but the circularity of their relationship suggests that the tempestuous fights from Act 2 will once again transpire wherever they go. Despite their desire to break old habits and make a fresh start, Elyot and Amanda are portrayed as people who can run away from their physical surroundings, but not themselves and their destructive routines.
Whereas Elyot and Amanda remain unchanged, Victor and Sibyl undergo a farcical transformation. At first, Victor and Sibyl appear as they did in Act 1, eager to absolve their spouses of any marital fault. Rather than chastise Elyot and Amanda, as the exes and the audience expect, the jilted spouses defend them to save face. Victor upholds Amanda’s “high handed manner” (73), demanding that her housekeeper prepare coffee and breakfast before they have their discussion. Sibyl finds Amanda’s behavior appalling, but to Victor, who is characterized as someone equally snobbish, Amanda’s upper-class comforts instill decorum. He asserts, “I don’t see what else she could have done” (70). Likewise, when Elyot insults Amanda and calls her a “slattern” (73), a term that denotes slovenliness, Victor threatens to fight for her honor with old-fashioned chivalry. These scenes comically portray Victor as a man fixedly devoted to the standards of his class and his moral duty as husband, overlooking the fact that his wife has abandoned him to be with another man.
Sibyl is equally defensive when Amanda attacks Elyot, as she considers a swipe at his reputation an attack on her own. When Amanda insults Elyot’s masculinity for refusing to fight, Sibyl is quick to claim that Elyot is “just as strong as Victor” and declares, “I’m beginning to suspect that he wasn’t quite so much to blame as I thought” (79). Sibyl is eager to live up to the expected gender roles for husband and wife, which means dismissing Elyot’s infidelity and instead focusing on “the depths of degradation to which age and experience have brought [Amanda]” (79). In defending Elyot, Sibyl derides Amanda for The Defiance of Rigid Gender Roles and proclaims herself as the proper woman for Elyot, ignoring the fact that Elyot literally pushed her away when he shoved the sofa she sat on to make his escape.
Instead of demanding accountability from Elyot and Amanda, Victor and Sibyl become enablers. The play ends on the gag of Victor and Sibyl taking up the baton of Elyot and Amanda’s dysfunctional relationship. Sibyl noticeably adopts Elyot’s position about flippancy: “It must be very sad not to be able to see any fun in anything” (89). Passionate defenses of Elyot and Amanda gradually turn into caustic insults of each other’s personal, annoying habits. Victor considers Sibyl “a malicious little vixen”; to Sibyl, Victor is “an insufferable great brute” (92). As their argument culminates in a physical fight, the play rhymes the end of Act 2 with the end of Act 3. Act 2 ended with Amanda and Elyot fighting viciously, oblivious to the arrival of Victor and Sibyl. Conversely, in Act 3, Victor and Sibyl are so entwined in their physical brawl that they don’t notice Amanda and Elyot leaving.
Private Lives satirizes the stigma and “mud-slinging” (85) of divorce and pokes fun at the sanctity of marriage, where the serious topics of adultery and domestic violence are handled with the upper-class detachment of deal brokering and damage control. The play ends in ambiguity, as each couple agrees to postpone divorce and live apart for a year, perpetuating the circular pattern of aggression and affection that now extends to Victor and Sibyl’s dynamic. Their unlikely pairing suggests that beneath their conventional exterior are “two violent acids bubbling about” (18), proving Amanda’s assessment that no one’s private life meets social expectations.



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