52 pages 1-hour read

Rabbit, Run

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1960

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Pages 188-264Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide features discussion of gender discrimination, emotional abuse, substance use, sexual violence, and child death.

Pages 188-208 Summary

Rabbit and Nelson move back into their Wilbur Street apartment, which Mr. Springer has kept rented in anticipation of the Angstroms’ return. Rabbit enjoys housekeeping and reflects that Nelson will eventually take on the domestic role his sister Mim once filled in his childhood home.


Rabbit brings Nelson along when he quits his gardening job with Mrs. Smith, as Mr. Springer has offered him work at one of his four car lots. The elderly woman warmly greets Nelson and gives him candy. She tells Rabbit he possesses a gift of life and predicts she will not survive to see another spring. She embraces him before they leave.


During the week, Rabbit and Nelson spend quality time together: they attend a softball game, where Rabbit recognizes uniforms from the attic of his old coach, Tothero, and visit a playground, though Rabbit feels his youth slipping irretrievably behind him. They visit Mrs. Springer, who is relieved by Rabbit’s return. Nelson plays with Billy Fosnacht while Mrs. Springer complains to Rabbit about Billy’s mother, Peggy. Harry dozes off while she talks.


At his own parents’ home, Mary is inexplicably angry and cold toward Nelson, remarking that the boy has small Springer hands and cannot become a ballplayer. This disturbs Rabbit, who resents her for making him notice and care. Earl is distant and weary. When Rabbit asks about his sister Mim, Earl says they rarely see her anymore.


At night, while Nelson sleeps, Rabbit battles loneliness and fear. On Friday, Janice returns home with Rebecca June. Harry is aroused watching Janice nurse, but she rebuffs his advances, still healing from childbirth. 


Eccles visits and invites them to church. On Sunday, Rabbit attends service, grateful and joyful. He becomes fixated on a woman in a straw hat sitting ahead of him, later discovering she is Lucy. After the service, they walk together. She remarks that Rabbit is not afraid of women like her husband is and calls Christianity neurotic. When she invites him in for coffee, thinking of Janice nursing makes Rabbit refuse, prompting him to decline: “You’re a doll, but I got this wife now” (207). Lucy is offended and slams the door. Rabbit walks home feeling potent and lustful.

Pages 208-214 Summary

Rabbit returns from church wanting to make love to Janice, but the baby cries inconsolably all afternoon. Around five, Janice begins weeping, saying she has no milk left. Rabbit suggests she drink to relax, which irritates her. Tensions mount in the apartment as the infant continues to scream.


After the baby finally quiets, Rabbit persuades Janice to have whiskey. In bed, he attempts to seduce her. She is passive at first, but she stops him, explaining she wants sleep and cannot have intercourse for six weeks while healing. Embarrassed and frustrated, Rabbit persists awkwardly. She pushes him away, saying he is using her and it feels cheap.


Enraged, Rabbit tells her to roll over. She misunderstands and turns her back to sleep. He attempts to sexually stimulate himself between her buttocks. She asks if this is a trick the sex worker taught him. Rabbit strikes her shoulder, gets dressed, and prepares to leave. They exchange angry words. Janice collapses, sobbing into her pillow. Harry feels he has stopped loving her and walks out.

Pages 214-227 Summary

Soon after Rabbit leaves, Janice falls asleep. Around four in the morning, Rebecca June wakes her for nursing. Janice reflects on the shame of losing Rabbit again and on childhood feelings of inadequacy. She recalls getting pregnant, Rabbit’s joyful reaction, and how loneliness after marriage led her to drink. Rabbit’s crude demand shattered the peace they had achieved.


To calm her panic, Janice has a drink, then another. At the window, her engorged breast leaks milk. She removes her wet nightgown and sits naked in the armchair. After knocking over her glass, she makes a third drink, feeling a strange presence that feels like a burglar in the apartment.


She turns on the television but finds only static. She sobs, then nurses the baby again. When Nelson wakes, she makes breakfast, breaking a glass. She lies to Nelson, saying his father went to work early, and has another drink to cope with the deception.


Janice and Nelson watch television and color together. When Janice’s messy coloring makes her cry, Nelson runs to the bedroom in a tantrum. Janice’s father calls, suspicious that Rabbit missed work. Janice invents a story about Rabbit going to Allentown, but her father is unconvinced. Her mother phones next, accusing Janice of drinking and announcing she is coming over. Janice begs her not to come.


Panicked, Janice tries to clean up. The baby cries. She decides to bathe Rebecca June before her mother arrives. As she kneels by the brimming tub, Janice loses her grasp on the baby. She scrabbles in the opaque water but cannot find purchase on the slippery infant. When she lifts Rebecca June out, the baby is limp. Frantic artificial respiration and prayer produce no response. When her mother knocks at the door, Janice knows her daughter is dead.

Pages 228-241 Summary

Eccles tells Lucy that Janice has accidentally drowned the baby. Lucy angrily blames Rabbit and implies that Eccles is responsible for reuniting them. Eccles tries calling Ruth but gets no answer. Rabbit phones from a Brewer drugstore asking if Janice contacted the police. Eccles breaks the news about Rebecca June.


Rabbit takes a bus back to Mt. Judge, sickened with grief. He recalls spending the previous night in a cheap hotel after failing to find Ruth at her home, then wandering Brewer all of the following day. He feels that this selfish desire murdered his daughter.


At the Springers’ house, Mrs. Springer slams the door on Rabbit, but Eccles admits him in. Nelson tells Rabbit about the big water in the tub. Rabbit holds the boy tightly. Mr. Springer makes a conciliatory speech, saying Rabbit is not solely to blame and remains part of the family. Rabbit gratefully promises to keep his end of the bargain.


After putting Nelson to bed, Rabbit returns to his apartment and finds the bathwater still in the tub. He pulls the plug and thinks that God did nothing to prevent the tragedy. He spends a restless night haunted by images of his daughter.


The next day, he goes to Janice, who clings to him. He tells her it was his fault. Visitors come and go, including Peggy Fosnacht and Tothero, who has recovered from treatment at the hospital. Tothero claims he warned Rabbit that misery follows disobedience. Tothero’s wife waits outside and drives him away.


Eccles arrives to arrange Rebecca June’s funeral. Rabbit asks for guidance. Eccles tells him to be a good husband and love what remains, adding that the tragedy has united Rabbit and Janice in the sacred bond of marriage.

Pages 242-257 Summary

Rabbit spends Tuesday night with Janice but cannot sleep. He dreams of a pale disc eclipsing a dense one, which he interprets as death explained. He feels he must share this revelation, but when he wakes up, he realizes it was only a dream.


Rabbit, Janice, and Nelson walk to their apartment for funeral clothes. The ordinary streets fill Rabbit with existential panic and a feeling of nonexistence. At the apartment, Janice tries on an old black suit that no longer fits and screams in frustration. As Rabbit buttons her blouse, he briefly cries.


They return to the Springers’. The hours before the funeral drag. Rabbit dreads seeing his parents, especially his mother. At the funeral parlor, Rabbit registers the unnatural décor that surrounds them, as well as Rebecca June’s small white coffin. Rabbit’s parents and sister Mim arrive. His mother rushes to embrace him, crying. Embarrassed, he pushes her away. She then embraces Janice, calling her her daughter. Rabbit feels that he has wounded and deserted both women.


During the graveside service, Eccles’ words initially feel clumsy, but the words “shepherd, lamb, arms” (251) make Rabbit weep. As the casket is lowered, Rabbit feels a surge of strength, certain his daughter has ascended to Heaven. When the service ends, Rabbit turns to Janice and tells her he did not kill the baby. When mourners react with shock, he claims that Janice is the one responsible, though she did not mean it. Janice pulls away toward her parents.


Feeling betrayed by everyone, including his mother, Rabbit is overcome with shame and rage. He turns and runs from the grave. Eccles calls after him and gives brief chase before stopping. Rabbit runs into the woods, becomes lost and frightened, stumbles upon the cellar hole of a forgotten house, and feels a sense of divinely ordained futility in the efforts of the family that used to live there. He eventually finds the road near the Pinnacle Hotel. He calls the rectory to reassure Eccles, but Lucy answers, recognizes him, and hangs up. He feels simplified and relieved to be free of Eccles.

Pages 258-264 Summary

From the Pinnacle Hotel, Rabbit looks down at Brewer, then walks through the streets to Ruth’s apartment. She meets him at the stairs and tells him to leave. She appears graver and thicker in the waist. He tells her he has just left his wife. He correctly guesses she is pregnant.


Rabbit pushes into Ruth’s apartment and tries to embrace her, but she fights him off. They argue about his disappearance weeks earlier. She reveals that Eccles had called a half-hour earlier and told her about the baby’s death. She calls him an agent of death, saying he has the touch of death.


He asks if she has had an abortion. After tormenting him, she admits she has not and could not go through with it. Overjoyed, he embraces her and begs her to have the baby. She asks if he will marry her. He says he would love to.


She gives him an ultimatum: divorce Janice and marry her, or she and the baby are “dead” to him. Overwhelmed, Rabbit says he will work it out and offers to get them food from the delicatessen.


Outside, Rabbit’s mind crowds with worries and impossible choices. He feels momentary comfort knowing both Ruth and Janice have parents to support them. He looks at the church across the street, but its window is dark. He feels his inner self as a pure blank space, making him small and impossible to capture. Instead of walking around the block as planned, he crosses the street and starts to run.

Pages 188-264 Analysis

Rabbit’s temporary return to domestic life examines the constraints of societal roles and the elusive nature of fulfillment. He initially finds satisfaction in housekeeping and parenting Nelson, activities that provide order and a sense of purpose. This contentment, however, is undermined by encounters that reveal the superficiality of his reconciliation with his former life. A visit to his parents’ home becomes a source of alienation; his mother’s resentment and her observation about Nelson’s hands, which she claims are more Springer than Angstrom, highlight tribalistic divisions Rabbit cannot escape. Rabbit’s final encounter with Mrs. Smith provides a stark contrast between her perception of him as a vessel of pure “life” and his internal state. Her blessing is ironic, as Rabbit’s pursuit of life leads to chaos and death. These scenes suggest that Rabbit’s attempt to embrace responsibility is a performance rather than a genuine transformation. Later, when faced with the reality of his restored family life at the apartment, Rabbit caves in to the pressure of his impulses, rejecting the baby’s screaming and Janice’s post-natal discomfort as key elements of the life he supposedly recommitted himself to.


The narrative structure, particularly the pivotal shift in perspective on page 214, provides a crucial counterpoint to Rabbit’s experience. By moving from Rabbit’s consciousness to Janice’s, the narrative reveals the devastating impact that Rabbit’s actions have on his family. Rabbit’s anger and abandonment trigger Janice’s shame, her feelings of inadequacy, her use of alcohol to cope with these feelings, and the panicked confusion that culminates in Rebecca June’s death. This technique prevents Janice from being viewed solely through Rabbit’s judgmental lens. Instead, the tragedy is reframed as the consequence of Rabbit’s selfish individualism.


These chapters crystallize the theme of The Inadequacy of Modern Religion. Rabbit’s attendance at church provides not spiritual solace but sensual distraction, as he becomes fixated on Lucy. His religious feeling is detached from doctrine and rooted in a vague, self-serving gratitude. Lucy’s assertion that Christianity is “[a] very neurotic religion” (206) serves as a direct, secular critique that challenges the institutional faith Eccles represents. This inadequacy is further demonstrated at the funeral. While Eccles performs the formal rites, Rabbit experiences a private, mystical transcendence, feeling his daughter ascend to Heaven through the collective force of the mourners. This personal revelation occurs despite, rather than because of, the prescribed liturgy. The novel’s religious critique culminates in the final chapter, where Rabbit, seeking a sign, looks to a church window only to find it unlit. It is a dark, empty circle offering no guidance in his moment of crisis.


The flight from the cemetery into the woods on Mt. Judge functions as an externalization of Rabbit’s internal, existential terror. The forest is not a natural refuge but a primal space of disorientation and fear, where the darkness and grasping branches mirror the suffocating constraints he has just fled. His discovery of the cellar hole of a “forgotten house” (256) is meant to remind him of his impermanence and the futility of imposing order on a chaotic world. This encounter prompts a feeling of non-existence, a fear that his own consciousness is merely an accident. It transforms the physical act of his escape from social shame into a confrontation with a metaphysical void. The woods strip away the social constructs of husband, father, and mourner, leaving Rabbit in a state of primal fear, face-to-face with the meaninglessness he senses at the core of existence.


The conclusion of the novel brings Rabbit’s retreat to its paradoxical culmination. Faced with Ruth’s ultimatum, which seeks to impose a new, concrete form of responsibility, Rabbit once again defaults to flight. Ruth’s accusation that he has the “touch of death” (260) articulates the destructive consequence of his restless search for an authentic life. Rather than a triumphant dash toward liberation, the novel’s final lines signal Rabbit’s compulsive retreat into the indecision that defines him. Rabbit sees his inner self as “a pure blank space…impossible to capture” (264). This is the essence of Rabbit’s freedom: an emptiness of self, a refusal to be defined by relationships or responsibilities. By choosing to run, he perpetuates the cycle of motion that began the novel. This ending offers no definitive resolution, suggesting that the pursuit of freedom is, for Rabbit, an endless and destructive deferral of life itself.

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