59 pages 1-hour read

Shrines of Gaiety

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Chapters 57-68Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 57 Summary: “The Riddle of the Sphinx”

Freda runs into a girl she used to go to dance school with, Cherry Ames. Cherry boasts that she’s in a play, The Co-Optimists: “Freda wondered what [Cherry] had to do to get the part in The Co-Optimists. Although she didn’t need to wonder, she knew” (447).


Freda arrives at the Sphinx, where Ramsay and Freda discover a girl unconscious in the Sphinx’s kitchen. The girl reveals that a man tried to strangle her; she survived by faking dead. The girl also reports that, while playing dead, she overhead her attacker call the police and report a murder: “I thought that’s a bit rum, blabbing against himself” (452). The attacker was Oakes, which the reader learns through the narrator, but the other characters don’t know yet. Oakes wanted to kill Freda but got the wrong girl—he reported the supposed murder (not realizing the girl was still alive) so that the police would come to the Sphinx and Nellie would get in trouble.


Frobisher arrives at the Sphinx, and he and Nellie meet officially. Nellie says that there was a mistake and there was no murder. While searching the premises, Frobisher and his men find a silver shoe—Frobisher recognizes it as the other silver shoe of Minnie. Gwendolen arrives while the police are still searching the Sphinx, and Nellie introduces Gwendolen to Frobisher as if they’re strangers—knowing that the two are well-acquainted.

Chapter 58 Summary: “The Box”

Ramsay forges a letter from Nellie to her bank, asking the bank to give Ramsay access to Nellie’s safe deposit box. Ramsay takes the letter to the bank and gains access. However, the banker, suspicious of Ramsay, calls Niven, who accosts Ramsay about what he’s done and asks why. Ramsay is defensive and says that he didn’t even take money, “just papers and stuff” (459). It turns out that Ramsay took the title deeds, freeholds, and lease agreements for all of Nellie’s clubs—and handed them over to Azzopardi.


Nellie and Niven meet to discuss the issue. Nellie reveals the truth about how she got her start with the stolen jewels—she still has all of them, except the amethyst she sold to start her club business. Niven delivers the box of the remaining jewels to Azzopardi. Nellie notes that there are other problems ahead, such as Maddox, but tells Niven that she has a plan.

Chapter 59 Summary: “The True Bride”

The narrative jumps back in time to Frobisher’s perspective when he’s called to the Sphinx club and Nellie “introduces” him to Gwendolen. Frobisher and Gwendolen pretend not to know each other. Afterward, Frobisher tells Gwendolen about Minnie’s shoe and suggests that the girl was killed in the Sphinx. Gwendolen suggests that it’s a set up and says that “[t]here are people trying to ruin Nellie,” to which Frobisher replies, “I am one of those, may I remind you” (468). Frobisher and Gwendolen discuss Maddox; Frobisher says he doesn’t have enough evidence to arrest Maddox yet.

Chapter 60 Summary: “Death By Water”

Freda is walking home when she’s attacked, knocked unconscious, and thrown into the Thames. By coincidence, Frobisher sees her in the water and jumps in. He manages to save Freda and takes her to a hospital. When he asks Freda her name, he’s happy to learn her identity—finally, he’s found a missing girl alive instead of dead: “She was every missing girl in London who haunted his waking hours” (478). The next morning, when Frobisher returns to the hospital to check on Freda, she’s gone. Frobisher feels defeated.

Chapter 61 Summary: “The Age of Glitter”

Ramsay is reading the newspaper when he sees a report of Vivian Quinn’s murder. Ramsay goes to Vivian’s flat and convinces the landlady to let him in. He finds Vivian’s manuscript and steals it. At home, he removes the title page of Vivian’s manuscript, with the book’s original title and author, and burns it—and then replaces it with his own title page: The Age of Glitter, with him as the author. He dedicates the book: “For my friend, Vivian Quinn” (484).

Chapter 62 Summary: “Si Vis Pacem, Para Bellum”

Gwendolen comes clean to Nellie, revealing that Gwendolen is employed by Frobisher. Nellie is not surprised; she knew all along. Gwendolen then tells Nellie everything Gwendolen has learned about Maddox. Gwendolen is convinced that Frobisher will bring Maddox to justice. Nellie has her own plans, preferable to “the slow grind of the courts” (490). Next, Gwendolen meets Frobisher and tells him that Nellie knows all. Frobisher tells Gwendolen about finding—and losing—Freda. When Gwendolen and Frobisher part ways, she kisses his cheek.


Maddox is preparing for his final coup against Nellie. He’s worried that Oakes has gone rogue by killing the girl at the Sphinx: “Maddox didn’t kill girls—you didn’t make money out of dead girls. He had daughters himself, three of them, he was no inhuman. Had he allied himself with a madman?” (487). Tonight, Maddox plans to strike a final blow against Nellie: He’s orchestrated a series of attacks at her clubs, one after the other. However, he gets a letter from Edith telling him that they have to meet—it’s urgent—and suggesting that he meet her at the Sphinx before it opens. Maddox goes to the Sphinx. He’s greeted by Edith, Betty, Shirley, and various members of the Forty Thieves. The women stab Maddox to death. The next day, Maddox’s body is left on the steps of the Bow Street Police Station.

Chapter 63 Summary: “Mother’s Milk

Niven arrives at Hanover Terrace to find Azzopardi holding Nellie at gunpoint. It turns out that the jewels returned to Azzopardi were fakes. A scuffle ensues in which Nellie shoots Azzopardi. Landor is called to get rid of the body—into the Thames.

Chapter 64 Summary: “And For That Minute a Blackbird Sang”

The narrative jumps back to Frobisher’s point of view after Gwendolen kisses his cheek. Frobisher is so distracted by the kiss that he doesn’t see a delivery truck of cabbage heads coming when he crosses the street and gets hit—and dies. Gwendolen sits vigil by his bedside in the hospital before he dies.

Chapter 65 Summary: “A Long Prove”

The book flashes forward to reveal the characters’ various futures.


Ramsay’s book is accepted by a publisher, and he gains some notoriety as an author, briefly. However, The Age of Glitter is out of print within two years and his subsequent books aren’t popular. Ramsay dies years later, falling out of a third-floor window. His obituary doesn’t mention his book but describes him as “the son of the notorious nightclub owner Nellie Coker” (504).


Freda never returns to the Sphinx. Instead, she starts going to Spielers and winning in gambling. She takes the money and opens a bar. Freda lives a long life; she ends up running a pub in Suffolk and getting married and having a daughter, whom she names Florence.


After Frobisher’s death, Lottie is committed to a psychiatric hospital. Gwendolen pays the fees for Lottie’s upkeep, but never visits her.


Nellie loses most of her money in the 1929 stock crash and dies a few years later. Her children are at her deathbed when she dies. Her last words are, “Oh, look, here’s Maud” (505).


Betty and Shirley marry minor aristocrats, realizing their mother’s dreams of the family gaining aristocratic titles. Nellie dies before they’re divorced. Kitty develops an addiction to alcohol, which ultimately leads to her death. Edith runs Nellie’s remaining clubs until she’s killed, at the Amethyst, by a direct hit in the Blitz.

Chapter 66 Summary: “Arrangement”

The book flashes back to the narrative’s present, 1926. Gwendolen is propositioned by Niven. He doesn’t want to marry her but wants to travel the world with her as his companion. Gwendolen asks him if she can think about his offer. He replies: “No. If you think about it you won’t come with me” (507). The chapter concludes without Gwendolen’s answer—just an image of her and Niven standing across from one another: “And there they must remain, suspended between coming and going forever” (507).

Chapter 67 Summary: “The Laughing Policeman”

Chapter 67 opens the same way as Chapter 1: with the same newspaper boy asking, “Is it a hanging?” (508). Oakes is being hanged; he was charged for Maddox’s murder. The newspaper boy is now given a name—Norman— and it’s revealed that he’ll be killed in World War II.

Chapter 68 Summary: “And See You Not That Bonny Road?”

The book’s final chapter shows Florence coming home to her parents, unscathed. It’s unclear how she got home or what happened to her in the meantime, but she seems unharmed. As for Freda, “Florence had no idea what had happened to her friend, in fact she seemed barely able to remember her” (512).

Chapters 57-68 Analysis

The final cluster of chapters provides the book’s climax and dénouement, wrapping up the various plot strands. In the process, many of the book’s themes and symbols are given a final punctuation mark. The Corrupting and Dangerous Nature of Ambition is seen in the book’s climactic finale: Maddox’s murder and Oakes’s hanging. Both Maddox and Oakes were driven by greed and ambition and died as a result. Not only were they killed, but their reputations were ruined.


Ramsay’s character likewise cautions against the dangers of ambition. Ramsay is so eager to become a renowned author that he steals Vivian Quinn’s manuscript and passes it off as his own. However, the book’s success is a flash in the pan. In the end, Ramsay fails to realize his dream of becoming known as more than a Coker. His obituary pegs him as “the son of the notorious nightclub owner Nellie Coker” (504). This not only epitomizes the novel’s thematic ideas about ambition but also highlights Expectations and Subversions of Gender Roles, since it inverts the gendered trope of women being remembered as the wives or daughters of famous men.


Freda, another character driven by ambition, escapes the dramatic demise of Maddox and Oakes. While Freda never achieves her dreams of becoming a star, she lives until old age (and doesn’t get swallowed up by London’s sex work underground). This is thanks to Frobisher, who rescues Freda from drowning in the Thames—and thus gets to live as the hero he’s wanted to be all along, if only for a brief moment. His mundane death shortly after, being run over by a cabbage delivery cart, speaks to his characterization as the simple “everyman.” He lived an inglorious life and died an inglorious death. This epitomizes his characterization as an antihero, particularly since only the reader, Freda, and Gwendolen realize his heroic acts.


The violence seen throughout the book reaches its climax in the final chapters. There is the shooting of Azzopardi, as well as the stabbing of Maddox. Maddox’s stabbing is a violent exclamation point to complete the book’s theme of Expectations and Subversions of Gender Roles. After targeting vulnerable girls for his sex work ring, Maddox is killed by none other than a room full of women. The first stab is given by Edith, which not only generates a moment of catharsis but also narratively reflects the violence of the abortion which Maddox did not endure.


Central symbols that have been carried throughout the work come to fruition in these final chapters. Minnie is identified and the lost girl is no longer lost in death. Another girl whose death Frobisher was investigating is likewise identified. These depersonalized corpses are given their identities back. Minnie’s locket, a symbolic reminder of the fact that these “lost girls” had names, aspirations, and people who loved them, is returned to the grieving mother.


The book leads several threads unresolved that add to the sense of mystery in the novel. One mystery is that of Niven and Gwendolen; it’s unclear whether Gwendolen will take up Niven on his proposition of an “arrangement” in Chapter 66. Another mystery that the narrative doesn’t address is what Florence was up to and where she was before she returned home. In this way, Atkinson implicates the reader in the solving of these plots—a common feature of the crime genre—since she leaves them to analyze the text and decide for themselves.


The book’s last chapters point back to the beginning, with the same newspaper boy from Chapter 1 attending Oakes’s hanging and repeating the same line, “Is it a hanging?” (508). The book therefore has a cyclic structure, reinforcing the sense that the status quo has returned for several of the characters. This time, however, the newspaper boy is given a name: Norman. The fact that these secondary characters like Norman and Minnie get their names in the book’s final chapters reinforces the book’s arguments regarding class. All these characters were “lower class.” They didn’t even warrant a name. However, throughout the book, the narrative has flagged The Arbitrary Nature of Social Class. By naming these characters, the book highlights the erroneous perception of them as less important than the “upper class” characters. This tenuous nature of class is also seen in Betty and Shirley’s fates: Both marry into aristocracy, as Nellie had hoped—and later both get divorced.


Shrines of Gaiety ends on a somber note, reminding the reader that the book’s frivolity took place in the shadows of one war and shortly before another (as seen in Norman’s fate). The people of the time couldn’t have known that their celebratory period after WWI would be interrupted by the 1929 financial crash and WWII. Dramatic irony is hence the foundation of the book, which lends its gaiety some poignance.

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