46 pages • 1-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide contains graphic descriptions of dead bodies; the cremation, embalming, and decomposition processes; deaths, including violent deaths, of babies, children, and adults; and suicide.
Caitlin Doughty is the author and narrator of Smoke Gets in Your Eyes. The book is her account of her first six years working in the funeral industry in America, but it is also an exploration of her personal relationship with death. The witnessing of what she presumes is the death of a young girl when she herself was a child was a pivotal moment in Doughty’s life. After witnessing this death, she was not given the tools to cope with her trauma, as neither of her parents discussed the incident with her. She became morbidly obsessed with death as a teenager, but that obsession was colored by fear. Nevertheless, this obsession with death set Doughty on a path to pursue death work as a young adult.
In the first six years of Doughty’s career as a death worker, her beliefs about death and dying shift dramatically. She begins her career believing that death should be beautiful and fun so that people will not be afraid of it. However, as she gets more hands-on experience working with corpses, the bereaved, and the funeral industry at large, her opinion shifts. She begins to see that North American Death Culture is deeply flawed and that by hiding death and dressing it up so that it is palatable, society is robbing itself of the chance to come to terms with mortality and a Personal Acceptance of Death. Doughty’s personal journey toward overcoming her own fear of death is colored by this societal inability to engage with death.
Doughty expresses the desire to have grown up in a society that actively acknowledged and engaged with death. Though she cannot go back and change her own childhood, her hope is to engage people in discussions about death, encourage them to think about and plan their own deaths, and actively take part in funeral practices. Her experiences working in the funeral industry and her personal beliefs about the importance of engaging with death make her uniquely positioned to open this topic of discussion. She possesses insight into the funeral industry that the average person will never know, and she sees the dead in a light that many people have not considered. The reverence she has for the dead is evident throughout the book and forms a key reason why Doughty is so adamant about advocating for better death practices. While Smoke Gets in Your Eyes functions as a memoir, it is also a way for Doughty to share her beliefs about death practices with a wider audience.
By exploring not only the practices of the funeral industry but also her personal fears about death, Doughty is able to invite the reader to think about their own relationship to mortality. While some of Doughty’s methods may seem radical, her ability to demonstrate and explain her fears and their origins and to explore how she overcame them provides deep context for her changed perspective. She finds catharsis at the end of Smoke Gets in Your Eyes, allowing readers to see the ways that society could change its death practices so that everyone can embrace death without fear.
Mike, Chris, and Bruce are Doughty’s coworkers at Westwind Cremation & Burial. Mike, Doughty’s boss, is a gruff man of few words. When Doughty is first hired at Westwind, she is desperate to prove to him that she can handle the job and share his “clinical detachment” (19). He offers her no words of praise until she runs the crematorium by herself for two weeks toward the end of her time at Westwind. Despite his stoic exterior, Doughty learns that Mike is a sensitive man who often feels the burden of their job keenly. He is affected deeply by the deaths of babies and children and clearly cares a great deal about the bodies that come into their crematorium.
Chris is the body-transport driver for Westwind. Doughty and Chris get along immediately, and Doughty often accompanies him on body retrievals. Chris has a calm and soothing demeanor, and Doughty notices the positive impact he has on grieving families. She is grateful for his ability to talk her through new situations and for the care he takes in mentoring her.
Bruce is the embalmer at Westwind. He is friendly and enthusiastic and also gets along well with Doughty. He teaches her about the art of embalming and passes on his sense of humor about dead bodies. Although embalming is his livelihood, he finds the practice somewhat uncomfortable, and he would not want it to happen to his own loved ones.
Doughty credits all three men with teaching her how to be “an ethical, hard-working funeral director” (205).
Doughty’s immediate family includes her mother and father. Although Doughty has a good relationship with both of her parents, she wishes they had been more open to talking about death with her when she was a child. Her parents’ failure to talk to her about her witnessing the death of a little girl greatly impacts Doughty’s life from her childhood all the way into her adulthood. When Doughty realizes that the funeral industry is deeply flawed, she thinks about what she would do in the event of her parents’ deaths. She concludes that she could never have them embalmed and begins to imagine being able to take their bodies to a “beautiful crematory with huge windows that let in gobs of natural light” (60), a place where death could be embraced rather than hidden. It is this idea that sparks Doughty’s interest in alternative funerary practices.
Doughty’s other family members include her grandfather, who dies of Alzheimer’s disease, and her grandmother, who dies several years after suffering a traumatic brain injury. When her grandmother dies, Doughty flies back to Hawai’i to take care of all the funeral arrangements. She is disappointed when, despite her experience working in the funeral industry, she is unable to insist that her grandmother’s body stay at home for longer or ensure that she does not get her mouth wired shut for the viewing. Doughty’s experience of her grandmother’s death solidifies her desire for alternative death customs and her plan to open a crematorium “with floor-to-ceiling windows to let the sunshine in and keep the weirdo death stigma out” (196).
Luke is Doughty’s friend and eventually someone she has romantic feelings for. When they are friends, Luke is one of the only people who understands her relationship with death. He is the first person she tells when she gets the job at Westwind, and Doughty cares deeply about him. Doughty realizes she has feelings for him after seeing a corpse that resembles him. The incident forces her to reckon with Luke’s mortality. She begins to make plans to move to Los Angeles, where he lives. Though she also moves there to attend mortuary school, she explains that he was also a major draw to the city.
Luke ultimately rejects her advances, and Doughty discusses how losing his friendship felt like a kind of death. This rejection sends Doughty into a deep depression, even pushing her toward suicidal ideation. The experience forces her to confront many preconceived ideas she had about how her life is going to go. While she had spent much of her twenties thinking about her ideas about death, she realizes that it is also her ideas about romance and true love that she needs to reconcile before she can fully achieve her personal acceptance of death.
Doughty describes many corpses in Smoke Gets in Your Eyes. Though they are not alive, corpses such as Byron, Maureen, and Padma serve as colorful characters and a big part of the story that Doughty tells. It is significant that the corpses are characters themselves when many people in America never interact with corpses at all. Although she starts out the novel being afraid of death, she is never really afraid of corpses. She refuses to see the very first corpse she ever interacts with, Byron, as “rotting meat” or an “animal carcass” (11). Instead, she describes him as beautiful and noble. Even when she encounters corpses that are partly decomposing or putrefied, however horrifying they may initially be, Doughty manages to treat them with the dignity and respect she believes they deserve.
Doughty’s feelings about the dead, particularly her reverence and respect for them, influence the way she sees the funeral industry, as well as her passion for better death practices. It is because of her interactions with these corpses that she begins to imagine a future where dead bodies are treated better, cared for by their families and friends, and laid to rest in the manner of their choosing, even if that manner may be out of step with current standards in America.



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