80 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of addiction, substance use, mental illness, and illness.
Laura is the protagonist and narrator of every poem. Smart, emotional, and resistant to change, Laura evolves from a defiant, selfish, and traumatized girl into someone more empathetic and cooperative. After her parents’ drug overdose, Laura is at first overwhelmed, guilty, and resistant to change. Blaming herself for her family’s separation weighs heavily on Laura, who refuses to accept changes and often takes her frustration out on others, such as Silvia. Because she craves control, she rebels against Silvia and others who think foster care is forever:
[A]ll I want to do is yell
really really loud,
shout at the world that this is not permanent
this is not forever (13).
Laura’s determination makes her defiant to authority, creating more angst for her already emotionally scarred character. She also clings to the motif that “[e]veryone and everything is temporary” (123), which prevents her growth. She can’t become a round character if she remains in this static state of reliving trauma and fighting against transformation.
To find peace, Laura must overcome her character flaws of selfishness and inflexibility. Her character arc shows effective growth and renewal because she learns valuable lessons and improves. First, she is “so focused on [her] own stuff, / [she] can’t think about anyone else,” (227), which makes her lash out at Silvia and hurt Benson’s feelings. Despite her intelligence (shown by things like bird facts, saving Sparrow, and Rubik’s Cube speed), Laura often fails to adapt or think beyond herself. For instance, she first shuns getting close to anyone:
I don’t know
how I could have any friend right now,
how I could talk to someone daily
or hang out with them,
and not have them see
how much everything in my life
is currently mixed up (41).
This perspective makes Laura too cautious and avoidant, instead of open-minded to newness. Later, the conflict with Benson teaches her to take responsibility for her actions and become more empathetic. Apologizing to people like Benson and Silvia shows Laura’s growth. She also learns, as Benson tells her, that because something isn’t forever, that doesn’t mean it’s not valuable. Still, it takes Laura many pages to overcome her internal conflicts and accept that change isn’t always bad.
Laura also wants to make her parents proud, and her positive words to Mom and Dad drive their recovery. Her consistent optimism inspires them to return to rehab. Without Laura, her parents likely would have given up again and continued to have a substance use disorder. Although Laura breaks down about her parents’ addiction and her new life many times, her emotionality is a strength, not a weakness. Through the emotional cleansing of sobbing, writing letters, and therapy, Laura becomes healthier and stronger. She can finally accept her parents’ absence until they get better. By the last page, she’s capable of handling change, accepting the unknown, and enjoying every moment—making her a complex and dynamic character.
Laura’s aunt functions as a mentor, guardian, and catalyst for both conflict and healing. She’s organized, intelligent, and protective, but her type-A personality creates friction with Laura, who resists her rules and routines. Silvia enjoys order, as evident by keeping her house clean, many rules, and washing her hair on certain days. Unlike Laura’s disorderly lifestyle before, Silvia’s home is run by schedules and routines. Since she’s new to parenting and does not have her own children, she doesn’t understand that kids cannot be controlled, unlike her schedule. Thus, she finds much of Laura’s behavior unacceptable—though she doesn’t realize her rules are foreign to Laura. The two poems “Things I’ve Already Done That Are ‘Not Okay’ According to Titi Silvia” and “Things Titi Silvia Has Already Done That Are ‘Not Okay’ (She’s Not My Mom)” are notable examples of Silvia and Laura’s disconnect. By comparing and contrasting their perspectives and grievances, the poems show their conflict. Despite this, Silvia does her best to provide for Laura, ensuring she has food, clothes, and safety. Over time, Silvia learns to be more flexible, compromising on her expectations and learning to understand Laura’s emotional needs.
Silvia’s growth parallels Laura’s, as she learns to communicate better and be more compassionate. Although Silvia isn’t overly emotive or loving, she later reveals her softer side and adapts to Laura’s needs and desires. For example, she gives Laura advice about Benson to develop empathy:
And she nods and says softly:
If I were Benson,
and I liked spending time with you,
that definitely would have made me upset (144).
Although Silvia takes the brunt of Laura’s anger and “causes” conflicts, she influences healing too. Most significantly, Silvia’s insistence on therapy helps Laura confront her trauma and understand her identity. Because of therapy, the two learn to respect and love each other like a family. Without Silvia’s guidance and therapy insistence, Laura could have been lost, either in foster care or consumed by her trauma and PTSD. Silvia is a necessary guardian and mentor for Laura, one who improves herself as a more open, flexible, and loving parent by the conclusion.
Laura’s puppy functions as an essential support character for Laura to recover from trauma and as an inspiration for her to move forward. Sparrow serves as a source of unconditional love and joy. He also represents the theme of The Healing Power of Animals. He’s kind, playful, silly, smart, forgiving, and loving. When readers first meet Sparrow, he’s in danger, and Laura acts as his hero. Without Laura’s intervention, Sparrow may have died. Although the situation triggers Laura’s trauma finding her parents unconscious, Sparrow is not a cause of stress. Instead, he’s a reliable source of joy and love. He makes Laura laugh, comforts her when she’s sad, and forgives her for mistreatment:
[M]y eyes start to water immediately,
because how is it possible that
he wants to sleep near me
even after I messed up,
and treated him like I did? (177).
Sparrow is shown licking Laura, cuddling up to her, being friendly with everyone he meets, and making Benson happy in the hospital. Sparrow is devoted to Laura and will never harm her, only acting as her eternal best friend who supports her, protects her, and loves her no matter what. All these scenes display the dog’s caring, affectionate nature.
Sparrow becoming a therapy dog also serves as a plot motivator and tool for healing. With Sparrow, Laura can visit her parents in rehab. Since he’s naturally friendly and smart, Sparrow excels in many areas of the therapy dog exam. He must work hard at others, such as the separation task, which reflects Laura’s obstacles:
[L]eaving him with Benson and walking away,
but Sparrow lets out the kind of howl
that I feel deep in my belly, […]
and I think maybe this is a skill
we both need some practice with,
this watching people say goodbye
and believing in them enough
to calmly stay (215).
Like Laura, Sparrow must learn trust, patience, and faith. By the end, Sparrow doesn’t howl or move; he has grown to accept that his loved one may leave, but she will return. Sparrow’s successful training inspires Laura to follow these principles with her parents and proves his bond is crucial to her recovery.
Benson serves as Laura’s friend and mentor. He’s persistent, upbeat, resilient, accepting, and insightful. From his first introduction, Benson is compassionate and bubbly; he asks Laura about her day with interest, always smiling. Since he’s persistent, he inspires Laura to take a chance on friendship. Laura doesn’t realize it, but Benson’s friendship is a necessary part of her transition. Whenever Laura has a problem, Benson listens attentively to her and never judges; his emotional support is crucial for her to be vulnerable and heal. Despite his struggles with sickle cell disease, Benson also offers Laura wise, mature advice that validates her feelings, such as how her situation “sounds really hard” and “he can’t imagine starting over like that” but knows she will get through it (109). He also teaches her to become a loyal friend and to value every moment instead of fixating on the “temporary.” Because of his serious sickle cell disease, Benson has a mature perspective on life, offering his wise insight and inspiring Laura to change for the better.
Further, Benson’s support is pivotal to training Sparrow, as he’s experienced in therapy dog training and shares his knowledge. He provides Laura with resources, like videos and encouragement. When Laura is emotionally overwhelmed by her parents’ leaving rehab, she wants to give up, but Benson convinces her that therapy dog work is still meaningful:
I don’t know what’s gonna happen
with your parents,
but if you like training Sparrow,
if it makes you happy just for you,
then go for it,
‘cause you’re gonna make
a lot of other people happy,
you’re making me happy,
and that’s worth something too (217).
Thanks to Benson, Laura takes this advice and continues healing through animal therapy. His unwavering friendship gives Laura the encouragement to stay motivated. He is a key character who ensures that Laura stays hopeful and that she and Sparrow accomplish the climactic goal of earning therapy dog certification.
Although Mom is physically absent for much of the story, she acts as a present-absent character, Laura’s prior caregiver, and a source of emotional tension. She is tender, affectionate, stubborn, and irresponsible. Mom is present in Laura’s thoughts and her letters, making her present mentally and emotionally, though absent physically. Laura’s memories of Mom are warm and affectionate, contrasting with the cold, structured nature of Silvia. Mom and Laura had fun baking, going on walks, and telling bedtime stories. Despite her fun attitude, Mom is inhibited by a substance use disorder; she is unreliable as a caregiver, which ultimately leads to her separation from Laura. It takes her time, but Mom eventually proves she can become a better role model and caregiver for Laura.
Despite her flaws, Mom is shown to have genuine love for Laura and a desire to improve, as seen in her eventual decision to return to rehab. First, Mom must grow as a character. She starts out as defiant (like Laura) and irresponsible by leaving rehab, and continues this pattern by trying to take Laura from school. Mom doesn’t mean to cause Laura more pain, but her actions are harmful: “I can tell Mom sees the fear in my eyes, / I can tell Mom sees that I’m not brave enough / to make a decision like that” (184). She puts Laura in a volatile situation, one too important and stressful for an 11-year-old. Though stubborn, Mom distills the tension by leaving, but the interaction leaves Laura feeling abandoned, confused, and upset. Only after reflection—and thanks to Laura’s letters—does Mom find the strength to pursue Laura in the right way by going back to rehab. Mom’s commitment to sobriety and self-improvement signals hope for their future, though it will take time for her to become the reliable parent Laura needs. While Mom’s actions caused deep hurt, she represents the possibility of change, even for those who have faltered.



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