54 pages • 1-hour read
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When the Revolutionary War first breaks out in America, 12-year-old Sophia Calderwood and her family flee their home in New York City. A few weeks later, Sophia and her mother Molly return to their home ahead of Sophia’s father Hiram. They hope to resettle their lives, while furthering the patriot cause from there. Sophia’s older brother William has meanwhile joined the patriot fight against the loyalists (those loyal to the British Crown). The family hasn’t heard from him since he and the patriots fought the loyalists in Brooklyn. The whole city has been occupied by British soldiers ever since.
As Sophia and Molly approach the city, they encounter a throng of spectators gathered near an orchard. They watch in horror as a young man is hanged. Sophia notices a brutish British general at the helm. She will later learn that the hanged man was the patriot, Nathan Hale.
Sophia sets out to explain the events that Hale’s hanging set off. She begins with details about her brother. She and William have always been close. Sophia loved learning about the patriot effort from William. He was smart and curious and had just started at King’s College when the war began. William taught Sophia about the loyalist and patriot causes and gave her relevant literature to read. Excited about the prospect of independence, Sophia was proud when William joined the patriots with the encouragement of his friend John Paulding. Not long after, Hale was captured by the British and discovered to be a spy. His fate would come to mean a lot to Sophia.
Sophia and Molly walk the rest of the way home in silence. They pass the prison, Bridewell, and ask after William—afraid he may have been captured in the Brooklyn battle. Soldiers turn them away without answers.
From there, they return home. The house looks ransacked. Sophia’s father’s study is in disarray. He works as a scrivener for Mr. Rivington and Mr. Gaine, who respectively publish the Gazette and the Mercury. Sophia and Molly start cleaning up, only to be interrupted by a knock at the door.
A group of British soldiers is at the door. They push in, demanding to know where Hiram is. When he returns home, they want him to officially declare his allegiance to the Crown. Then they inform Molly and Sophia that they will soon be housing a British soldier. They demand that the women clear out the upstairs rooms for their imminent boarder. After they leave, Sophia worries about the type of man who will move in with them.
Sophia continues to worry about her father’s safety on his way home and William’s whereabouts. After she and Molly finish cleaning, they head back out to the prison in search of William but receive no answers. On the way home, Sophia marvels at the ramshackle state of the city, recent battles having made it nearly unrecognizable.
That night, Sophia lies in bed worrying over Hiram and William. She can’t stop thinking about Nathan Hale’s hanging either. Finally, she says a prayer for her family’s safety.
The next day, Sophia tries to distract herself from her worry by cleaning the house and visiting some friends. However, the altered neighborhood unsettles her. Later that night, she hides in her bed after curfew, still worrying over Hiram.
Suddenly, a sound at the door startles her and Molly to attention. They are shocked to see Hiram outside, and troubled when they discover he was shot on his way home. Panicked over Hiram’s wound, Molly sends Sophia to fetch Dr. Dastuge.
Sophia creeps through the dark, quiet streets, terrified of being caught. When she is stopped by British soldiers, she explains that she is getting the doctor for her father who has a fever; she doesn’t want to tell them he was shot lest they suspect her family of being patriots. The soldiers guide her to Dr. Dastuge’s and back home.
Sophia is relieved when the soldiers do not enter the house and see her father’s gunshot wound. Inside, Dr. Dastuge tends Hiram’s wound. Afterwards, Sophia tells Molly how hard it felt to lie to the soldiers. They also discuss Hiram’s condition and the impossibility of him returning to work. Sophia agrees to visit the print shops tomorrow to inform his employers.
Before sending Sophia back to bed, Molly reminds her that the only people she should trust are members of her family.
Sophia sets out to see Mr. Rivington and Mr. Gaine the next day. Mr. Rivington’s shop is closed, but Sophia encounters a young boy named James working at Mr. Gaine’s shop. He promises to pass the message on to Mr. Gaine that Sophia was there.
On the walk home, Sophia encounters a band of patriot prisoners being taken to Bridewell. She is horrified to discover that the provost leading the prisoners is the same brutish man she saw at Hale’s hanging; an onlooker tells her his name is Provost Cunningham. She hopes he is not her family’s new boarder.
Later that same day, a British soldier called John André arrives at the Calderwood’s. He is their new boarder.
Sophia is immediately taken by his good looks and charm. John André is kind to Molly and respectful towards Hiram, too. Later, when John André asks Sophia in private if she is “an only child” (50), Sophia says yes. She does not want him to know her brother is a patriot. She informs her parents of this after John André steps out, and they agree to uphold this lie.
Over the following weeks, the Calderwoods settle back into life in New York as best they can. Hiram starts to heal, but slowly. He still cannot return to work. The family worries about money. They haven’t heard any news of William either.
Meanwhile, however, Sophia starts to form a relationship with John André. She knows he is a British soldier and a loyalist, but he is always so kind and attentive to her. He even plays his flute for her, sketches a picture of her, and gives her a blue ribbon for her hair.
Written from Sophia’s first-person point of view, the narrative establishes Sophia as the novel’s protagonist. She is still a young girl when the Revolutionary War breaks out in her home of New York City, but Sophia is a ready participant in this conflict: Her family is lodged in the center of the British occupied city; her brother is a soldier for the patriot cause; and her family is newly boarding a British soldier.
These circumstantial dynamics introduce the novel’s theme of The Conflict Between Personal Emotions and Patriotic Duty. Before the revolution, Sophia felt free to explore the world without fear. She trusted her family and was comfortable in her city. She didn’t worry about exploring new concepts or philosophies with William’s guidance either. Since the war began, however, Sophia has had to alter her outlook and become more reserved and mindful of her emotions. The war creates upheaval in Sophia’s world that challenges her adolescent character to be strong, brave, and tactful.
In particular, her return to the city with her family compels her to lie multiple times in succession. She has to tell the British soldiers that her father has a fever to prevent them from discerning his patriot persuasions; she has to lie to John André about being an only child to keep him from discovering her brother’s involvement with the patriot cause, too. “Things are so topsy-turvy” (39) since the war broke out, that Sophia is forced to ask, “who am I to trust?” (39). The closer the war comes to her doorstep, the choosier Sophia has to be about expressing her true thoughts and feelings. John André’s arrival at her home only intensifies these stakes, as Sophia’s loyalty to the independence cause begins to conflict with her growing attraction to John André.
Sophia’s challenging new reality ignites The Quest for Personal Growth Under Duress, another of the novel’s primary themes. At just 12 years old, Sophia is beginning to come of age, and the intensifying war complicates her ability to explore her identity without fear. Sophia’s circumstances are defined by a network of unsettling dynamics and events: “William still missing. Father wounded. Mother in tears. Before my eyes, the image of that hanging” (38). William’s absence shadows Sophia’s daily life. She is proud of her brother for representing her family and defending the patriot cause, but Sophia has no way of resolving William’s disappearance. She does not know how to seek information about his whereabouts; she does not know how to comfort her worried parents, and she does not know how to assuage her own constant anxiety over his potential fate. Meanwhile, her father’s injured physical state and mother’s depleted emotional state further disrupt Sophia’s sense of safety and security. The people on whom she is accustomed to rely feel just as vulnerable as she does, which in turn forces Sophia to become more self-reliant and mature.
Further, witnessing the hanging is a traumatic event that haunts Sophia’s young, impressionable mind. This imagery is an omen of Sophia’s potential fate and creates a sense of foreboding. Since Sophia’s world is so unsettled, she must work hard to maintain her composure and sense of purpose. Repeated images of her huddling in her bed, hiding under her blankets and praying, convey her fear and her youthful innocence. At the same time, surrounding images of Sophia braving the ransacked streets, going out after curfew, and seeking information about her brother and on behalf of her father capture her innately courageous spirit. Over time, Sophia will have to strengthen these facets of her personality as she matures and assumes more responsibility in her family and for her country.



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