86 pages 2-hour read

Speak

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 1999

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Symbols & Motifs

The Trees

Melinda works through her trauma as the year progresses, and alongside this process, she also develops her skills as an artist and her ability to express her emotions and experiences through art. At the beginning of the school year, Melinda describes art class as a dream that follows a nightmare; it is her refuge and the only place she feels like she can enjoy herself at school. Melinda also admires her teacher, Mr. Freeman, for his expressiveness, creativity, and passion for art and education. Mr. Freeman designs a year-long art project in which the students must pick a random object and “spend the rest of the year learning how to turn that object into a piece of art […] [and] figure out how to make [their] object say something, express an emotion, speak to every person who looks at it” (12). Melissa’s object turns out to be a tree, and she initially declares it too easy. Mr. Freeman warns that she cannot choose another object; she must instead adapt and find out how to express herself through the form of a tree. As Melinda begins her journey into artistic expression, she learns The Importance of Art as a Form of Self-Expression and Healing.


Melinda’s trees help her process and express how she feels when she cannot speak with words. Mr. Freeman often steps in to interpret her works for her, and she finds his analyses quite accurate most of the time. Melinda’s first trees are watercolor creations of lightning-struck trees, symbolizing how she feels after being traumatized. She is alive, but barely; she is clinging to what remains of her freedom and dignity. Next, Melinda makes a sculpture out of turkey bones, using twigs to create the legs. It represents the decay inside her and the fact that a part of her is dying as she remains silenced. Melinda notes her progress with her trees:


There has been some progress in the whole tree project, I guess. Like Picasso, I’ve gone through different phases. There’s the Confused Period, where I wasn’t sure what the assignment really was. The Spaz period, where I couldn’t draw a tree to save my life. The Dead Period, when all my trees looked like they had been through a forest fire or a blight. I’m getting better (151).


Each of Melinda’s creations is kept inside her closet hideaway at school, where she can reflect on her progress and what each piece means to her. Each represents How Personality and Perception Change as a Result of Trauma.


Melinda suffers many setbacks and frustrations in art class, but never gives up. Mr. Freeman tells Melinda to “be the tree” (153) and reminds her that “nothing is perfect. Flaws are interesting” (153). After many attempts at carving a tree out of a linoleum block, Ivy suggests that she let go of perfection and just sketch it. This approach helps Melinda create her final project, an imperfect sketch of a tree that represents her growth and healing: “It wasn’t my fault. He hurt me. It wasn’t my fault. And I’m not going to let it kill me. I can grow” (198). Melinda’s tree art helps her speak through art and eventually speak out verbally, thus helping to illuminate the novel’s theme, Finding One’s Voice After It Has Been Lost.

The Closet

While attempting to avoid Mr. Neck in the halls one day, Melinda hides in a janitor’s closet. She notices that it has a desk and armchair inside, along with “dead roaches crocheted together with cobwebs” (26). It is clearly abandoned, and since Melinda feels abandoned herself, she finds it to be a suitable place to start spending time. She tidies it up, hides the mirror on the wall with a Maya Angelou poster, and skips class to sit and read or reflect inside the closet. Melinda hides the mirror in order to avoid looking at herself; she does not recognize the person she sees and hates to look at the scabs on her lips and her sallow expression. Melinda hopes that a poster of Maya Angelou will help inspire her to speak up for herself in time. She has heard from her English teacher that Maya Angelou was a bold and daring writer, and she admires her for that. Later, when Melinda tries to work up the courage to tell Rachel about Andy, she describes the poster screaming at her to come out with the truth. Melinda also uses the closet to store her art projects as she completes them, watching herself progress throughout the year.


Besides being a safe place for Melinda, the closet also serves as a hiding place and an unhealthy form of isolation. Melinda starts the school year socially isolated and traumatized, and when she finds the closet, it seems like the perfect place for her. Not only does Melinda hide from the world, but she also hides from the truth about what happened to her, constantly trying to suppress the memory and forget. It is not until the novel’s conclusion that Melinda realizes she must dismantle the closet and confront her trauma: “I don’t feel like hiding anymore. A breeze from the open window blows my hair back and tickles my shoulders. This is the first day warm enough for a sleeveless shirt. Feels like summer” (192). Melinda is optimistic about her future, feeling confident and no longer needing a hiding place away from her peers, teachers, and parents. In this way, closing the closet symbolizes how Melinda confronts the truth and Finds Her Voice After It Has Been Lost. As Melinda cleans the closet, Andy traps her inside and attempts to rape her again. Melinda does not freeze or go silent this time; instead, she threatens Andy with glass and screams for help. Doing so saves her, and Andy is discovered to be her attacker. As Melinda confronts the truth within herself, it simultaneously comes out in public as well.

The Changing Seasons

Melinda’s story takes place over the course of a school year and as the seasons change. She lives in Syracuse, Connecticut, and regularly references the cold weather, snow, and spring as they arrive. When Melinda starts the school year in the fall, she feels as if she is dying, cold, and isolated. Everything that made her Melinda has vanished, and what remains is a traumatized shell that cannot speak. In art class after Thanksgiving, Melinda creates a sculpture to represent her decaying self out of rotting turkey bones. Melinda’s silence and pain worsen before they improve, and by winter, she is frozen like the snow and ice around her. She finds it more difficult to speak than ever, her only friend (Heather) has abandoned her, and her parents are becoming increasingly frustrated with her lack of communication and failing grades. Christmas passes with no celebration and virtual silence in the house. The snow symbolizes Melinda’s continued silence and the quiet isolation that she suffers: “Nothing quieter than snow. The sky screams to deliver it, a hundred banshees flying on the edge of the blizzard. But once the snow covers the ground it hushes as still as my heart” (130). The changing seasons thus symbolize How Personality and Perception Change as a Result of Trauma.


As spring thaws the ground and the world around Melinda, she too begins to warm up again. She starts to speak to peers and teachers, and eventually even her parents. The springtime symbolizes Melinda’s healing process and finding herself again, illustrating the novel’s theme, Finding One’s Voice After It Has Been Lost. Melinda observes herself changing and the barrier around her breaking down. Much of this is due to the support of her art teacher, her reconnection with Ivy, and her realization of the truth about her experience. When Melinda goes for a bike ride in the novel’s conclusion, she sits down on the fresh dirt and searches for “a message on how to come back to life after my long under snow dormancy” (188). Melinda compares herself to the seed of a plant coming out of the dirt after a long winter and looks toward the future with optimism. In the final scene of the novel, Melinda makes the leap to open up to Mr. Freeman about what happened to her at the party and everything that has happened to her since: “I feel the frozen stillness melt down through the inside of me, dripping shards of ice that vanish in a puddle of sunlight on the stained floor. Words float up” (198).

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