70 pages • 2-hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of gender discrimination.
Sarah Jane “Sookie” Poole is the protagonist of The All-Girls Filling Station’s Last Reunion. She is married to Earle Poole Jr., and is mother to four children: Dee Dee, twins Le Le and Ce Ce, and Carter. At the beginning of the novel, she learns that her spitfire mother Lenore Simmons Krackenberry adopted her in Texas in 1945. She spends much of the novel contending with her new identity as the daughter of one of the Jurdabralinski sisters, though she erroneously believes she is Fritzi’s daughter for much of the narrative. When Fritzi reveals that her name only appears on the birth certificate because she is the one who dropped her off at the orphanage, she also tells Sookie that Sophie Marie Jurdabralinski is her real mother. Sophie died in a plane crash shortly before the WASP program ended.
Sookie has felt overshadowed by Lenore for much of her adult life, worried that she’s “never had any real personality traits of [her] own” (102). Learning that Lenore adopted her and never told her makes her question her relationship to her mother and her own sense of self. Plus, the events of the novel take place just after the last of her daughters gets married, making her feel like most of her responsibilities as a parent are over, even if she knows that she’ll still care for her children when she can. Being thrown into this spiral of confusion forces Sookie to take control of her life and decide what she wants it to be like.
A big question for Sookie is whether or not she can still change her life. She wonders, “[w]hy couldn’t I have found all this out when I was young and still had a chance to change?” (103). However, seeing a psychiatrist and confiding in those around her—especially when coupled with meeting Fritzi—forces her to take a stand in her life. She begins to stand up to her mother more regularly. Her children also reassure her of her importance in their lives, emphasizing the importance of motherhood as labor. Altogether, Sookie grows more confident in herself.
At the end of the book, Sookie feels contented just having learned about her family. She balances missing Lenore—who passes away—with the feeling of belonging that she also gets from learning more about the Jurdabralinskis. She is ultimately grateful for the circumstances that made up her life, and is happy with her marriage, children, and families.
Fritzi Jurdabralinski is the eldest of the Jurdabralinski siblings. She is born in Pulaski, Wisconsin, to Stanislaw and Linka Jurdabralinski, and is older sister to Wink, Tula, Gertrude, and Sophie. From the start, Fritzi is the most adventurous of her siblings, with her mother worrying that she will get into trouble. However, it is also Fritzi’s fearlessness that makes her an excellent candidate to be a WASP, since she is an excellent pilot who ends up flying many different types of planes from airbase to airbase in the United States during World War II.
Sookie’s birth certificate suggests that Fritzi is her mother. While ultimately this proves to be untrue, readers spend much of the novel following Fritzi on her adventures, not knowing that it is Fritzi’s little sister Sophie who is Sookie’s mother. However, Fritzi’s journey illustrates the importance of women pilots to the war effort during World War II, as well as the many stereotypes that followed women during this time, including the idea that “[w]omen were far too high-strung and emotional. Flying was and always would be a man’s job” (181). These gender biases never deter Fritzi, and her confidence and determination end up saving the filling station from closing when she suggests that she and her sisters could run it.
Flying, to Fritzi, is the best feeling in the world. From her first time in a plane, she “fall[s] hopelessly in love with flying” (87). Her first trip with Billy to Milwaukee has an important effect on her, showing her what life could look like beyond Pulaski. She quickly joins his flying circus as a daring stuntwoman, and her act with Billy demonstrates her willingness to try new things and push herself. She is even patriotic, attempting to join the war effort. However, even though the WASP program is a landmark in its hiring of women pilots, they are still “the best-kept secret in the country, even to the army” (228). Although she contends with sexism and discrimination, she never loses her charismatic charm. Even as an older woman greeting Sookie decades after the war, Fritzi is still vibrant, marshaling the WASP reunion parade in Wisconsin and rallying her sisters for a reunion at the filling station.
Everyone in Point Clear, Alabama, knows Lenore Simmons Krackenberry. She is the larger-than-life figure who is always vocal about her opinions. She is also a proud daughter of the South, often boasting about her family’s history and their status. Lenore’s husband Alton passed away, but she still lives in their home, cared for by a hired nurse named Angel. She is the mother of Sookie and Buck and a doting grandmother.
Lenore is seen as an entertaining personality by most of the people outside of her family. She is also loved and admired by her family members, though many comment to Sookie that they wish she would stand up to Lenore more often. Lenore’s personality has occasionally gotten her into legal trouble, and Sookie is often the one to clean up her mess. Dr. Shapiro also informally diagnoses her as a “[n]arcissist with mild to severe illusions of grandeur” (126).
While Lenore keeps her secrets from Sookie, she does so because she believes that it is the best thing for her. She also keeps secret about how her mother left when she was a child, not wanting to think too much about the impact that it has had on her life. Instead, she lauds the Simmons side of her family for their bravery, relying on that side of her family history as her claim to fame. Her over-the-top personality shines throughout the novel as a hyperbolic representation of the pressure that mothers can place on their daughters.
In Lenore’s case, such pressure also arises out of her own feelings of insufficiency about what she has achieved in her life, and, once she no longer has to raise children, she places herself at the center of attention. Her ideas are likely meant to garner this attention, and it works. For example, when Lenore calls Netta to declare that “[t]his democracy thing is just not working” (233), Sookie immediately rushes over to make sure that her mother has not gotten into trouble. However, her suspicions turn out to be correct about many things, such as the mayor’s corruption and the power of the Simmons family, showing how smart and intuitive Lenore really is.
Earle Poole Jr. is Sookie’s loyal husband. He is father to Dee Dee, Ce Ce, Le Le, and Carter and is a dentist. He provides emotional support to his wife throughout the novel, encouraging her to pursue her questions about her birth mother and family. He is a flat character, but his relationship with Sookie is evidence of one of the few times she stood up to Lenore, since her mother did not approve of her marriage to Earle.
Earle also altruistically always has Sookie’s best interests at heart. He is patient with her as she panics over the news of her adoption, and his support provides an important feeling of reassurance that gives Sookie the courage to go see her mother. Earle’s opinion is also of great importance to Sookie, and so when he tells her, “I haven’t heard you sound so happy in a long time” (307) during her first trip to see Fritzi, Sookie recognizes how freeing it is to be in a town that doesn’t know her mother. Earle’s words and his love ultimately help Sookie on her path to finding herself.
Sophie Marie Jurdabralinski is the youngest and quietest of the Jurdabralinski sisters. She is also Sookie’s mother, inadvertently having an affair with a married British pilot during World War II. After Sookie’s birth, she rejects the advances of another male pilot, who gets retribution by trying to scare her during a flight by flying too close to her. When she goes to move away, she ends up crashing, which results in her death.
Like all of her sisters, Sophie is a talented pilot. Prior to the war, she was also heavily involved in volunteering at the local Catholic Church, and “always stayed and helped the nuns wash and iron the vestments for the next week’s service” (125). Despite Fritzi’s warnings not to join the WASPs, Sophie enters with good intentions, telling her mother, “if I can free up just one man to fight overseas, it could make a difference” (231). This reasoning characterizes her as kind-hearted, a quality that Fritzi sees in Sookie when she says, “you’re a good girl. I can tell. You’re more like your mother than you know” (304). Sookie ultimately takes a lot of comfort in knowing that she’s similar to her mother, even if she’ll never meet her.



Unlock analysis of every major character
Get a detailed breakdown of each character’s role, motivations, and development.