54 pages 1-hour read

The Book of Disquiet

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1982

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Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death by suicide, mental illness, sexual content, and discussion of gender discrimination.

Part: 2: “A Disquiet Anthology”

Part 2, Chapters 1-3 Summary

Soares offers advice to women in unhappy marriages. He insists they shouldn’t cheat on their husbands but should invent sexual fantasies to alleviate their frustrations. He hopes his advice will help them experience more sensual pleasures without infidelity.

Part 2, Chapter 4 Summary

Soares experiences an apocalyptic feeling. He is overwhelmed by life’s futility. He feels lonely but can’t stand being around people. He feels most content when he’s lying in bed. He looks out at the flowers in his garden and dreams of the country. He becomes lost in thought, dreams, and himself. He tries focusing on life’s simple pleasures, like smoking cigarettes and drinking coffee.

Part 2, Chapters 5-8 Summary

Soares writes notes on how best to dream. He thinks avoiding drugs is important to effective dreaming but notes that drinking does fuel his dream life. He stresses the importance of inaction to dreaming. Disdaining life also helps facilitate effective dreaming, as does reading books and writing. Soares surrenders to his own dreams, lets go of reality, and writes. He feels like God.

Part 2, Chapters 9-13 Summary

Soares considers how children experience the world through play and imagination; children think more like poets than poets themselves do. He considers the relationship between the state and the individual, reflecting on the powerful forces that try to control humans, taking into consideration the impact of his environs on his consciousness. He wonders if change is actually possible and decides that death defines everything.

Part 2, Chapters 14-20 Summary

Soares meditates on the death of Bavaria’s King Ludwig II. He writes a eulogy for him, musing on his life, death, and legacy.


Soares imagines other worlds. He feels as if he is traveling across continents in his mind. He wakes and feels as if he has aged countless years. He imagines a woman joining him. He gets lost in this dream. He and the imagined lover move through beautiful landscapes together. The dream continues, and Soares is overcome by peacefulness. The flowers in his surroundings move him. He feels himself merging with the landscape.


Waking from his dreams, Soares thinks about life, love, and death. Love still seems absurd, but he is caught up imagining a relationship with a woman he observes regularly at a café. Soares writes the woman two letters, declaring his interest and affection.

Part 2, Chapters 21-27 Summary

Soares laments his life. He doesn’t have friends and feels that his entire experience “has been a struggle to adapt” (427). He considers suicide but realizes he does enjoy life despite his despair. He records a list of maxims about life. Then he records his observations of nature in both urban and rural settings. He muses on how others see him and how his beliefs relate to other philosophies. He dispels these thoughts, deciding his dreams are where he feels most secure in himself.


At other times, Soares grows depressed and feels frustrated with his dreams. He’s overcome by questions about his emotions and imaginings. Even still, he writes an ode to the Lady of Dreams, lauding her beauty and mystery. He tries holding on to her at all costs.

Part 2, Chapters 28-30 Summary

Soares returns to his writing. He muses on his book, alternatively regarding it as genius and absurdity. He addresses Beauty, Matter, and Time. He tries finding strength in his dream life but is overcome by shame and despair. On a walk, he studies the natural world and feels comforted. He feels more certain of love, too.

Part 2, Chapters 31-36 Summary

Soares muses on his dreams once more. He thinks about his writing and its purpose. He has made dreaming his life—which helps him experience new sensations. He doesn’t record his dreams with publication or fame in mind. Observing, dreaming, and writing are instead ways for him to experience beauty and love. Humanity is nothing more than “a vast decorative motif” (460) he can use for his work.

Part 2, Chapters 37-40 Summary

One autumn night, Soares takes imaginary trips in his mind. He thinks of all the places he could go, what they’d feel like, and what he’d see. He never takes these trips in reality, but they feel true to him.

Part 2 Analysis

In the final sequences of the novel, Soares attempts to organize his thoughts around dreaming and writing, life and identity. Although the structure, form, and movement of “A Disquiet Anthology” differ slightly from “A Factless Autobiography,” much of the content overlaps between the two sections. Soares’s redundant thinking enacts his ongoing struggle to make sense of his alienation, to navigate the parameters of modern society, and to reconcile his dreaming and waking lives. His elliptical narration and syntax throughout Part 2 convey the frustration inherent to occupying a human body and mind amid The Alienating Nature of Modern Urban Life.


The border between the author’s and Soares’s identities becomes increasingly blurred over the course of Part 2—underscoring the theme of Identity as a Product of the Imagination. In the translator’s note at the start of the section, translator Richard Zenith explains that the enclosed chapters in “A Disquiet Anthology” are fragments Pessoa “considered publishing” when he was detailing “how to organize The Book of Disquiet” (393). This note reiterates the exchange between Pessoa’s heteronym (Soares) and Pessoa himself. Soares is indeed a fictional character—Pessoa invented the term heteronym, as distinct from pseudonym, to emphasize that the character’s identity is independent from that of the author—but as a product of Pessoa’s imagination, he embodies otherwise hidden facets of Pessoa’s inner life. As a writer and thinker, Soares feels frustrated with life’s meaninglessness and society’s inauthenticity. He resorts to Imagination as a Source of Meaning—seeking beauty, order, and meaning in imaginative worlds that transform and transcend the raw material of the “real” world. Throughout the novel, Soares repeatedly alludes to suicide; his consistent suicidal ideation enacts the oppressive and entrapping nature of his experience. Uninterested in actually ending his own life, Soares drifts into dreaming, deeming it “the loftiest task of all,” because “To dream is to find ourselves” (400). Imagining himself as Soares is one form of dreaming for Pessoa; writing from Soares’s point of view lets him travel and thus escape life’s suffering.


Soares’s notes on effective dreaming enact Pessoa’s notion that dreaming is a form of survival. These fragments are written in the second person, and employ the direct address; for example, “Make sure, first of all, that you respect nothing, believe nothing, nothing” (400). Pessoa uses the declarative and instructive tone of a contemporary “how-to” manual. Soares (and thus Pessoa by extension) regards himself as an expert dreamer. He fancies himself the authority on the subject and is eager to translate his techniques to his imagined reader. This narrative vantage point implies that dreaming is the only way Soares can engage with reality, with himself, and with others. Writing about how to dream is his way of taking control of his life and infusing his work with meaning and purpose. The latter four chapters of the section enact these notions—depicting the content of Soares’s mental voyages in detail. In Chapters 37-40, Soares describes all of the imaginary trips he takes, putting his techniques for effective dreaming into practice. By ending on these ethereal travels, Pessoa allows his writing to live beyond the margins of the page. Reality isn’t limited to lived experience, but is boundless if the individual allows her soul, mind, and spirit to wander through imagined landscapes. This notion lends an ambiguously hopeful tone to the novel’s closing passages.

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