The Bookbinder

Pip Williams

56 pages 1-hour read

Pip Williams

The Bookbinder

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section features discussion of graphic wartime violence.

Part 2: “The Oxford Pamphlets: October 1914 to June 1915”

Part 2, Chapter 9 Summary

Work at the Press changes as men leave to enlist in the army. Peggy knits a muffler while Maude folds pages for books of war poetry. Peggy is grateful when sheets arrive of an Oxford pamphlet of Sir Walter Raleigh’s Might is Right. She glimpses lines as she folds.

Part 2, Chapter 10 Summary

Three Belgian women start work at the bindery. Lou and Aggie, who were Peggy’s classmates at St. Barnabas, take on two trainees, while Lotte is seated between Peggy and Maude as they fold pages from Lorna Doone. Maude demonstrates to Lotte how to fold the pages, and Peggy briefly feels left out. Lotte says little but that she is from Louvain. She seems to get along better with Maude.


One day, when Maude slips out of her rhythm and begins folding her own designs on a page, Lotte gently stops her. Maude doesn’t protest, and Peggy thinks, “I felt more redundant than ever” (90). Tilda writes that Peggy could volunteer in hospitals, which are filling up with wounded from Ypres.

Part 2, Chapter 11 Summary

Peggy approaches the Examination Schools to inquire about volunteering as a nurse. She has folded exam papers for the students and dreams of writing an exam herself and wearing the black gown of a scholar. She likes history, English, and the classics, but cannot make sense of Ancient Greek, though she likes the stories. Although she works at the Press, Peggy doesn’t feel part of the University; she thinks she and her fellow employees at the Press “were just part of the machinery that printed their ideas and stocked their libraries” (93).


Peggy walks in with another woman who is confident and well-dressed. They register with a clerk who says there is a need for volunteers who can read and write letters. The other girl identifies herself as Gwen. She is a student at Somerville and befriends Peggy.

Part 2, Chapter 12 Summary

Rosie offers to have Maude spend Saturday evenings with her and Mrs. Rowntree while Peggy volunteers. Maude suggests Peggy read Jane Eyre aloud to the wounded soldiers, which was Peggy’s “first grown-up book” (99). On their first shift, Peggy and Gwen are assigned to two young men who have lost their sight. Gwen settles with the lieutenant, and Peggy helps the private, whose name is Will. The Matron asks if the girls can visit more frequently. The next time she leaves, Peggy gives Maude a cake and some papers to fold but worries about leaving her alone.

 

Gwen writes a letter for her lieutenant and teases him about being more affectionate with his sweetheart. Peggy feels jealous when Gwen heads home to her rooms at Somerville. At Calliope, Peggy is frightened when she smells something burning, but finds that Maude merely burned the pot when she was trying to cook an egg.

Part 2, Chapter 13 Summary

Peggy resents that she will have to give up volunteering because of Maude, but Lotte offers to walk with Maude on Saturday so Peggy can return to the hospital.


Gwen tells Peggy that the university in Louvain, where Lotte worked, was burned down: “All those books […] It would have gone up like a bonfire” (111). Peggy returns to find Lotte folding papers with Maude and thinks that Maude quiets something in Lotte. The patient Peggy is working with, Will Dawes, recovers his sight and says he’ll be sent back to France.

Part 2, Chapter 14 Summary

It is a still autumn day, and Peggy observes the reflection of their boat in the water of the canal. November 7th has been declared Belgian Day, and there is a celebration, but another woman has news that her nephew died at Ypres and is bitter about helping the Belgians.


Gwen meets Maude and learns she can tell the sisters apart by their eyes. Peggy waits while Gwen steps into Somerville, which Peggy has imagined walking into “hundreds of times” (117). Gwen invites Peggy to a tea party for the Belgians, which will be hosted at Somerville College. Peggy doesn’t want to go to be an extra set of hands, but Miss Bruce invites Peggy as a guest. Peggy dresses up with some of Tilda’s things.

Part 2, Chapter 15 Summary

Peggy tries to soak in everything about Somerville. She is worried she stands out “like bad poetry in leather binding” (123). She is introduced to Vera Brittain, the girl she had seen in Mr. Hart’s office at the Press. Peggy thinks of how she left school years ago to earn money working at the Press, insisting she had to be with Maude.


She walks into the library and wonders how many books she’s folded there. She slips a small volume into her pocket. She helps serve refreshments with Miss Bruce, who asks how Peggy likes her work. Peggy admits it is frustrating not to be able to read the books and quotes a Coleridge poem. Walking home, she realizes she’s stolen Abbott and Mansfield’s A Primer of Greek Grammar. Jack visits to say he’s being trained as a sniper.

Part 2, Chapter 16 Summary

Lotte continues to spend time with Maude while Peggy volunteers. Peggy is assigned to the officer’s ward along with Gwen. She sits with a Belgian, Bastiaan, who is covered with a white sheet, only his right eye visible. Peggy thinks of him as an “invisible man” (131). He speaks to Peggy in English, since her French is poor. Lotte cooks dinner for the girls one night, and Peggy notes how Lotte watches Maude with sorrow and longing.

Part 2, Chapter 17 Summary

The hospitals fill with the wounded from Ypres, and more men are asked to enlist. Someone leaves a white feather on Ebeneezer’s repair bench. Peggy is folding an Oxford pamphlet, Thoughts on War, written by an Oxford professor, Gilbert Murray, who argues that war makes a band of brothers between the working and privileged men. Murray writes, “Thank God we did not hate each other as much as we imagined” (138). Peggy thinks about how working men are signing up to enlist even though they do not have the right to vote. The girls take the bus past the barracks and see Ebeneezer in the recruitment line. He is rejected because of his poor eyesight.


Tilda sends a letter. She has been sent to Étaples, France, but part of what she writes is blacked out by censors. Peggy visits her Invisible Man and thinks how Ma liked Euripides best of the Greek dramatists because, she said, he “gives the women a voice […] Makes them powerful” (142).


At the Press, they print a farewell for the controller, Mr. Hart. As she binds the pages, Peggy thinks about how her stitching will outlast everyone who has signed their name.

Part 2, Chapter 18 Summary

Tilda writes about her work with the VAD. She sends the girls a parcel of things she can’t use, including red lipstick. Peggy writes a letter to Bastiaan’s family for him. There are continuing murmurs of resentment toward the Belgian refugees.


Peggy is starting to like Gwen. Somerville College is requisitioned for a hospital, and the students are moving to Oriel. Peggy helps Bastiaan move, and his belongings include an English translation of Baudelaire and a muffler, both items she gave him.


Peggy attends the wedding of Mr. Owen to his sweetheart, Esme Nicoll, and enjoys the moment. Tilda sends another letter, heavily censored. Her work as a nurse is beginning to wear on her. Peggy tells Maude to fold more stars to send to Tilda.

Part 2, Chapter 19 Summary

Peggy now gets to visit Somerville as a hospital volunteer. Part of the bandages are removed from Bastiaan’s face, but some of his features have been fully reconstructed, like his lips. Bastiaan is happy to see her. He asks her not to read him the poems of Rupert Brooke, saying his war has not been full of glory. He spots the Greek primer that Peggy says she needs to return to the library. He asks if she can borrow Rudyard Kipling.


Peggy coaxes the librarian, Miss Garnell, into loaning her a copy and watches as she writes Peggy’s name in the Somerville library ledger. Peggy thinks it is “[e]vidence. Of something. Not much. But something” (159). Peggy reads a poem to Bastiaan and is struck by the lines “If you can keep your head when all about you / Are losing theirs” (160). Bastiaan jokes that he kept his head, then weeps.

Part 2, Chapter 20 Summary

Tilda visits on leave. Peggy thinks Tilda’s face is still beautiful, “but the lines were deeper and the shadows darker” (162). Peggy is proud that Gwen is impressed by Tilda. Tilda leaves Maude an apricot dress. Peggy notes that Tilda is drinking whiskey.


Peggy goes with Gwen, Tilda, and Maude to see a movie, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, and Gwen and Tilda note the difference in their upbringing. They see a soldier whose legs have been amputated and give him money. Tilda invites Gwen for Sunday dinner and offers to cook. Gwen is surprised that they live on a boat, and it is full of books. They enjoy the dinner, and Peggy thinks, “We were celebrating […] [t]he unexpected joy of ordinary mishap and easy friendship” (170).


Rosie mentions that her letters from Jack are heavily censored, and Tilda shares her plan of using the French postal system rather than army mail. Tilda’s friend, the artist Iso Rae, assists. Tilda reads from her recent letter, which describes the slaughter at Ypres because so many of the generals don’t know what they’re doing. Tilda leaves the girls some postcards, makeup, and jewelry when she goes.

Part 2 Analysis

This section sets up the dichotomy that will structure the remainder of the book: The horror of the war, which is reported in Tilda’s letters and visible in the hospitals for the wounded, and the rhythms of daily life that continue for the women back home. Williams shows how, while the war is ever- present and its losses have an immediate impact on families, ordinary life continues, and people adapt to new circumstances. One example is the matter-of-fact move of patients to Somerville College, while the female students of Somerville transfer to another college, Oriel, where Gwen jokes that the servant’s quarters are likely better than her quarters at the women’s college.


Work at the Press goes on, demonstrating that the machinery of the world is still moving, though men have left to enlist, and the work changes in tone. As Williams describes in her Author’s Note, the Oxford pamphlets that Peggy is folding were “designed to inform, stimulate and influence debate around the war” (430). Notably, the authors of these pamphlets are men, and those they intend to engage in debate are other men. This is another example where Peggy, as a woman and a bindery girl, is expected to assist in publication but not engage with the ideas, though engaging with the ideas is precisely what she longs to do. The established traditions, like the segregation of work at the Press, continue.


This section also introduces the theme of The Challenge and Possibility of Healing After War. The pamphlets and newspapers show how those at home are surrounded by the war in their own way, but these discussions also show how popularized notions of bravery and cowardice bear on public opinion. The white feather was employed as a symbol meant to shame men who didn’t immediately enlist on their own, like Ebeneezer or Tilda’s brother, Bill. Attitudes about heroism and sacrifice will continue to be points of discussion, but the easy accusations about cowardice, represented by the distribution of white feathers, are blurred by resentment over the sacrifices the war requires and the immediate losses it administers. Conflicting sentiments about the welcome offered to the Belgian refugees and wounded soldiers are another point of contention and debate.


Peggy’s circumstances change as a result of the war when she follows Tilda’s advice and volunteers at the hospital. This act literally opens doors for her, as Gwen becomes Peggy’s mentor in crossing otherwise rigid class lines. Gwen, as a girl from a higher social class, is assigned to tend to officers, while Peggy, as a girl from the working class, is assigned to assist enlisted men. Gwen contravenes these conventions by insisting Peggy can speak French—a mark of a better standard of education—and this introduces Peggy to Bastiaan, who will become an important emotional anchor in the book. Initially, Peggy knows little about him—he is the “invisible man” to her, representative first of the injuries and casualties of war, and emerging only slowly as a person in his own right.


Bastiaan becomes a way for Peggy to understand the trauma of war, both for the people who fight, like Jack, and for the people who support and tend, like Tilda. Bastiaan’s facial injuries are a physical manifestation of how the war has changed his identity and his perspective. In the debates over war, Bastiaan is a key counterargument and a rebuke to the arguments for glory and heroism that are supported by the white feather and poetry like that of Rupert Brooke, whose war poems like “The Soldier” valorize battle and sacrifice. (Unlike Bastiaan, Brooke’s naval reserve unit never saw action; he died in 1915 of blood poisoning.) Instead, Bastiaan admires the poem “If—” by Rudyard Kipling, which offers advice about showing nobility of character. The poem’s opening line about keeping one’s head becomes a metaphor for managing one’s emotions and keeping composure in trying circumstances.


The censoring of the war letters indicates a very real way in which debates, discussions, and information about the war were controlled by authorities. As Rosie and Tilda note, this control robs them of being able to express their true feelings and of truly understanding what their loved ones are going through. Tilda’s workaround to use her friend and the French postal system shows the ways that the marginalized, particularly women, create ways to maintain community, exchange information, and provide support for one another. This community becomes an important survival technique as the women are providing not just physical labor, but also the emotional labor of nursing and support, as shown in Private Will Dawes’s attachment to Peggy, and then Bastiaan’s holding her hand.


One thing the war has not changed for Peggy is her sense of obligation to Maude. Lotte, who is a figure of sympathy and a representation of the tragedies of the war, becomes a third party in the sisters’ relationship. She acts in some ways as a mother figure in her protective attitude and nurturing of Maude, particularly in the making of food. Lotte’s attachment to Maude also subverts Peggy’s belief that Maude entirely depends on her. At the same time, Peggy’s increasing exposure to Somerville, through the physical facilities and through Gwen, nurtures Peggy’s dream of studying there, invoking The Legacy of Literature and Ideas. Initially, she sees the Greek grammar she stole as a book she can’t use, since she’ll never need to know Ancient Greek. Seeing her name written in the Somerville library ledger is the first time Peggy can actually imagine she belongs there. This small but important moment reveals the longing that motivates her.

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