64 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of racism, graphic violence, death, and bullying.
When Calvin gets to school, he notices a strange energy in the air. Alex and Ben tell him that Mr. Vernon is with the principal, and Calvin gets suspicious about how much power Mr. Vernon has in town. Alex says that Mr. Vernon recently did something to a family that didn’t follow his rules. Calvin asks if that means he killed them, and Alex doesn’t answer. Only later does the reader learn about the mysterious death of Mrs. Sampson, who lived in the house that Calvin now lives in.
Calvin goes to the nurse’s office, hoping to overhear Mr. Vernon and the principal talking. He sees Lily Baker, the girl he noticed at Sojourner. She’s legally enrolling at Heritage, but the principal warns Lily that Mr. Vernon and his squad will be back to protest her enrollment.
At lunch, a teacher escorts Lily. She sits alone, holding her head high despite the whispers. Calvin has science class with Lily. No one lets her sit next to them, so Calvin offers her a seat next to him.
After school, Calvin is worried about her getting home safely. He bikes after her. She initially declines his escort but finally agrees. He thinks that she could fit in at Heritage and asks if they can be friends. She says no, as she has no interest in passing, even if she could.
Calvin is discouraged that Lily doesn’t want to be friends even though she knows he’s Black. He starts ignoring her like everyone else. Ben and Alex walk to Calvin’s first day working for Mr. Vernon. They tell him that no one moves to Levittown without Vernon’s approval: The dead grass behind Calvin’s house is because the original owners sold it to a Black family, the Sampsons, without Vernon’s approval and the white people drove the Sampsons out.
Calvin sees Lily walk into a record store and goes inside with Ben and Alex. As they look through records, he moves closer to Lily. He hears her tell the employee that she’s looking for a Billie Holiday album. Calvin finds it and hands it to her. Ben and Alex see him talking to Lily and are shocked. Lily goes to check out, but Ben confronts her, thinking she is buying a record Calvin wanted. Calvin tries to diffuse the situation, but Ben won’t let up. He leaves the store. Ben follows him, freeing Lily to buy the album and get away. She mouths “thank you” to Calvin as she leaves.
Calvin arrives to work at Vernon Realty, where he’ll be in charge of helping customers with applications and sign-up visits. A white employee, Sharon, tells Calvin that they don’t sell homes in the integrated neighborhood Concord Park and that they hired a Black woman named Barbara to “handle” Black people looking to purchase a home.
At Heritage High, Calvin feels divorced from his identity; at home, he thinks about how emotionally unsustainable passing is, but at Sojourner, he can be himself. He asks Robert if he can live with him. Robert is sensible and knows that their father would disown Calvin if he moved. Robert wants Calvin to use his talent and intelligence to move up in the world. Calvin tells Robert the story of the family who lived in the house before them.
Eugene and Harry emerge from the Capewoods, running in fear. They were getting harassed on the street, so they cut through the woods, which are reputed to be haunted. Calvin talks about baseball with the brothers. Inside the school, Eugene plays piano, Harry plays drums, and Calvin plays trumpet. Calvin improvises alongside them. After playing for an hour, he bikes home.
The next morning, Calvin’s mother warns him about being out late. She doesn’t like the quietness of their new neighborhood, and Calvin agrees.
At school, Darren is laughing over an issue of Jet with some other boys. He tells Calvin to look at the story, and Calvin sees the open casket of Emmett Till, who he knew as “Bobo,” Ray’s cousin. Alex tries to correct the boys, who claim that Till raped a woman. Calvin realizes that his parents had known for weeks and kept the news from him.
Calvin ditches school and heads to Sojourner. While cutting through the woods, he sees Lily, who also skipped school because of the photos. After Till’s murder, she’s thinking twice about her attendance at Heritage. Calvin tells Lily that he knew Till and cries.
They talk about their music: He agrees to mimic trumpet sounds with his mouth if she sings. Together, they sing Billie Holiday’s “Strange Fruit.” They feel united by the music and spend hours talking. Calvin is ashamed, knowing that he won’t be able to talk to her the same at school.
When Calvin gets home, he asks his mother why she didn’t tell him about Till. He thinks that Ray must have thought he didn’t care about the murder. Calvin tells his mother that his father’s decision to move to Levittown is ruining them. His mother thinks they have no choice. She calls Ray’s house, and he says he’s sorry about Till. Ray wants to hear about not-sad things, so Calvin tells him about Lily.
Calvin and his mother mourn as they watch the news, shocked at the sympathy for Till. Calvin’s father joins, but it’s clear to Calvin that he’ll only allow them a single night of mourning.
Calvin and Lily develop a routine of meeting after school. When going to meet her, Calvin sees Darren pull off the road and grab Lily. Calvin tackles Darren, and they fight while Lily runs away. Calvin leverages his employment with Mr. Vernon to intimidate Darren. By Darren’s scared reaction, Calvin can tell that there is information about Vernon he doesn’t know.
After Darren leaves, Calvin finds Lily and walks her home. He’s bleeding, and his eye is swelling. Before Lily cuts through the Capewoods home, she tells Calvin that it’s getting too dangerous for them to keep meeting.
Calvin sees Mary on his way home. She asks questions about his whereabouts, but he evades them. At home, Calvin says that he got in a fight helping a girl who was being followed. His father knows he’s talking about Lily and assumes that Lily is why he’s been coming home late. He forbids Calvin from seeing her.
Calvin tells his father that he acts like he hates being Black. His father says he’s doing what he has to to survive. He and Calvin agree on the problems with the country but not the solutions. His father says that he fought a war against the Nazis when Hitler was inspired by racial segregation in the United States, only to come home to those same systems. He thinks that by passing, he’s pointing out how race is a construct.
When his father leaves, Calvin’s mother says he was right to help Lily.
These chapters introduce Lily, Calvin’s love interest. Her introduction begins the rising action of one of the book’s two main conflicts: the struggle to integrate Heritage High. When talking to the principal, Lily insists, “I can go to school here if I want. It’s my legal right” (68). Lily is correct: Her house in Concord Park technically falls within the school district, and Brown v. Board was passed the year prior. Lily’s first day at school, however, highlights the impossible odds that Black students were faced with at the beginning of educational integration. Though Lily can legally attend, Vernon and a posse of adult men come to her school and protest as an intimidation tactic. This foreshadows their escalating actions to come, specifically to oust Lily and prevent further integration in Levittown.
Calvin feels immediately drawn to Lily and wants to prove himself to her, even before he knows that she can tell he’s passing. In class, he offers her a seat and helps her with a test because he “wants her to see [he’s] different” (72). He believes that Lily sees him as white, but her immediate reaction to his overtures is saying that “[n]ot everyone can play white” and “not everyone would want to if they could” (75). Lily’s opinion on passing differs greatly from someone like Calvin’s father, who thinks that passing is “buying [them] time to climb a hill before [they] fall back down” (125). He sees passing as a way to game the system—particularly regarding Expectations and Reality of the American Dream in the Post-War Period—while Lily sees it as a betrayal of identity. Though Lily is initially cold to Calvin for this reason, his actions—like fending off Darren’s attack—prove himself to her, and their romance begins. Calvin agrees with his father about the problems that led them to pass but “could never agree with his solution” (125). He is more aligned with Lily’s opinion, though he continues to pass for his family’s sake despite The Psychological Impact of Passing he continues to experience.
These chapters entwine the events of the novel more heavily with contemporary historical events and further develop the theme of Racial and Social Inequality in Midcentury America. Emmett Till, a 14-year-old boy, was killed on August 28, 1955. Till was from Chicago but was visiting family in Mississippi when two white men lynched him and were subsequently found not guilty of his murder. Johnson integrates Till’s story into Calvin’s by making them hometown friends due to Ray, Calvin’s best friend, being Till’s cousin. Famously, Till’s mother, Mamie, insisted that her son have an open-casket public funeral so that people would be confronted with the brutality of his death and the violence that Black Americans faced. National events like this drew attention to the nation’s extreme racial and social inequalities.
Jet, a popular magazine about Black culture, published photos of the funeral in mid-September: Before this, Calvin’s parents kept Till’s death from him. While the photos elicit sympathy in some white audiences, at Heritage, it elicits mockery and scorn. A group of boys are “easygoing as they let laughter escape” as they look at the pictures (100), calling Till “[n]asty” and perpetuating misinformation about his murder. The psychological toll of passing becomes more extreme when Calvin sees Darren making fun of the pictures of Till in Jet. He wants to “scream out a guttural cry” (101), but he cannot, as he is surrounded by white boys mocking Till. Calvin feels betrayed by his parents, who held the secret for the last few weeks, but he also has to contain his grief for his friend until he is in a safe place, further emphasizing the psychological toll he experiences while passing as a white person at school.



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