56 pages 1-hour read

The Great Bear

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2021

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Themes

The Significance of Indigenous Culture, Mythology, and Storytelling

The quote “Truly, the only immortal thing in either world was stories” (173) from The Great Bear resonates within the framework of Indigenous cultures, in which storytelling is not just a mode of expression but a vital conduit to understanding the world and maintaining a connection with the past. In these cultures, stories, myths, and words are not static entities; they are dynamic, living forces that imbue life and animate the world around us.


Central to many Indigenous worldviews is the concept of animacy, where everything in the universe is alive and interconnected. Stories, in this context, are more than just narratives; they are inherent in nature itself. They give voice to the mountains, rivers, animals, and ancestors, ensuring that these entities are not merely objects in the landscape but active participants in the ongoing story of existence. This view of animacy elevates storytelling to a sacred act, one that breathes life into the past and makes the ancestors present.


Indigenous myths and legends, therefore, are not merely tales of what has been but living narratives that continue to evolve and adapt. Each telling of a story is not just a repetition but a recreation, allowing for new interpretations and understandings to emerge. This fluidity means that myths are not confined to the past but are relevant and responsive to the present and the future. They are dynamic tools for teaching, guiding, and exploring possible ways of knowing and being. In The Great Bear, the reverence for stories as immortal entities that transcend time and space is an acknowledgment of this fluidity and the creative power of storytelling. The novel’s engagement with Indigenous myths and legends is an act of reimagining, making these stories relevant to contemporary audiences while maintaining their cultural significance. By doing so, the narrative honors the tradition of storytelling as a creative and living process, one that allows for the continuous presence and influence of ancestors and the natural world.


This perspective of storytelling as a living, breathing entity that carries the wisdom of generations is crucial in understanding Indigenous approaches to knowledge and existence. These are often worldviews that see stories not just as entertainment or moral lessons but as fundamental to understanding one’s self, one’s community, and the universe and maintaining balance and harmony in all of these areas. In this light, stories are not just told; they are experienced, lived, and breathed, making them a crucial aspect of the cultural and spiritual lives of Indigenous peoples.


Further emphasizing the reality and vitality of these stories, the narrative asserts, “The stories we tell here aren’t fantasies. They’re real, all of them” (88). This quote highlights the Indigenous worldview that blurs the perceived lines between myth and reality. In many Indigenous cultures, myths and legends are not seen as fictional creations but as truths that provide insight into the spiritual world and the natural order. These stories often explain creation, animal behavior, and the origins of natural phenomena, serving as fundamental truths that guide daily life and spiritual understanding. By presenting these stories as real, the novel pays homage to the Indigenous way of knowing and perceiving the world, where mythology is intertwined with reality and history.


In The Great Bear, stories and myths are a kind of medicine that heals, transforms, and empowers. This portrayal aligns with many Indigenous worldviews, where storytelling and/or mythmaking are dynamic and vital forces, deeply intertwined with the fabric of life and culture. Throughout the novel, stories act as connectors, bridging the gap between generations and realms. Characters like Morgan and Eli, who struggle with their cultural identity, find solace and understanding in these tales. The teachings embedded within them guide the characters, much like traditional medicine, imparting healing properties to the soul.


The transformative power of these narratives is illustrated in the characters’ development. Morgan’s evolving perception of Muskwa, shifting from fear to empathy, exemplifies how stories can catalyze personal growth and change perspectives. This transformation mirrors the healing process, where medicine alters and rejuvenates the physical body. Moreover, stories in the novel are instrumental in reclaiming and preserving cultural heritage. In the face of colonial erosion, storytelling becomes a vital means of safeguarding language, history, and customs. It’s akin to a medicine that protects the community’s cultural health and ensures its continuity.


Finally, the narrative empowers its characters through these stories. They inspire action and bravery, as seen in the collective decision to confront challenges and in the characters’ journeys of courage and self-discovery. Ultimately, The Great Bear elevates storytelling to a potent force that heals, educates, transforms, preserves, and empowers, reflecting the profound respect and importance of storytelling in Indigenous cultures.

The Journey of Self-Discovery for Indigenous Youth

The journey of self-discovery for Indigenous youth in The Great Bear is interwoven with identity, culture, and tradition. The novel presents this journey as a path to reconnecting with a heritage that is vibrant and adaptable rather than static or rigid. Through Morgan’s and Eli’s experiences, the story delves into the complexities of rediscovering and embracing one’s Indigenous roots in a contemporary context.


A notable moment in this journey is encapsulated in the concept of “blood memory,” a connection to one’s ancestral land and culture that transcends physical experience. The quote “When you know a place in this way, when you know it before you’ve seen it, it’s called blood memory. That’s why you are welcome to stay here. That’s why you must stay here. Will you stay, little ones?” (103) highlights this bond. This idea suggests that Indigenous identity and connection to culture are not lost, even when physical or direct ties seem severed. It speaks to an inherent understanding of and affiliation with one’s heritage that lies dormant within, waiting to be awakened and embraced. For Morgan and Eli, their journey in Misewa becomes a catalyst for awakening this dormant knowledge, allowing them to reconnect with their roots in a manner that feels both ancient and immediately relevant.


The theme of self-discovery is further emphasized through the recollection of Morgan’s childhood memory: “There was her mother, rocking her, Morgan, as a toddler. There was her mother, humming a song to keep her calm. There was her mother, saying that word to her in Cree. ‘Kiskisitotaso.’ Don’t forget about who you are” (35). This memory underscores Morgan’s disconnection from her cultural roots. It is a reminder of her loss but also a call to remember and reclaim her identity. It signifies the struggle many Indigenous youth face in a world where their cultural connections are disrupted by external forces. However, it also demonstrates the enduring power of these connections, as even a fragmented memory can be an impetus for rediscovery and reclamation of one’s identity.


In The Great Bear, the journey of self-discovery for Indigenous youth is not just about learning ancestral traditions and customs. It is about understanding these traditions as living, evolving entities that they are an integral part of. This journey challenges the characters to navigate the complexities of their identity, weaving together the threads of their ancestral past with their present. The incorporation of contemporary references like Star Wars, science, The Simpsons, and Braveheart in the narrative reflects the dynamic nature of Indigenous cultural identity. These elements symbolize how traditional Indigenous beliefs and practices coexist and interact with modern, global influences. This hybridity is important; it’s not about abandoning contemporary life for a romanticized past but rather about integrating the two to create a more nuanced identity. For example, Star Wars references may offer a parallel to the epic struggles and spiritual journeys found in Indigenous mythology, while discussions about science could echo traditional ecological knowledge.


This blend of tradition and modernity is evident in the characters’ lives. Morgan’s and Eli’s experiences in Misewa are interwoven with their knowledge and experiences from their contemporary life. Their journey is not about forsaking the modern world but about enriching their understanding of themselves and their culture by bridging these seemingly disparate worlds. The characters do not simply learn about traditional practices; they actively engage with them, adapting these practices to their unique experiences and perspectives. Furthermore, the story demonstrates how Indigenous traditions are not static relics but are alive, evolving, and adaptable. The traditions depicted in the book are not frozen in time but are flexible and open to change. This adaptability is key to their survival and relevance. In The Great Bear, tradition, like stories and myths, is alive; it is not just about simple preservation but about evolution, ensuring that cultural practices remain meaningful and applicable in a rapidly changing world.


Ultimately, the journey of self-discovery in The Great Bear is about forming a dynamic and multifaceted identity. It’s about young Indigenous characters finding empowerment in their ability to adapt and transform their cultural heritage, merging the wisdom of the past with the realities of the present. This process enables them to construct an identity that is rooted in their ancestry while being fully engaged with the modern world, showcasing the resilience and vitality of Indigenous cultures.

The Relationship Between Humans and the Natural World

As discussed throughout this guide, The Great Bear explores the relationship between humans and the natural world, presenting a narrative that intertwines human life with nature’s rhythms and patterns. This relationship is portrayed as one of connection, respect, and responsibility, rooted in an understanding of the natural world’s intrinsic value and the interdependence between all living beings.


In the opening, the narrator observes:


The animal beings had enough to eat now, and eat they did, but just enough and never more. They would never fall into the sort of greed they had observed in Mason, the man who had stolen the summer birds. They ate only their fill, and kept stores of food for the White Time (6).


This quote illustrates a key aspect of this relationship: balance and sustainability. Unlike Mason, the antagonist from The Barren Grounds who represents human greed and exploitation, the animal beings in the story exhibit a sustainable approach to consuming resources. They take only what they need, ensuring that the natural world can replenish itself. This approach reflects Indigenous perspectives on the natural world, in which every species plays a role in maintaining ecological balance, and humans are not separate from this system. This perspective challenges the often-prevalent Western notion of humans as dominant over nature, embracing a more holistic view common in many Indigenous cultures. The characters in the book demonstrate an understanding that they are part of a larger ecosystem. This respect is evident in how they interact with their environment, taking only what they need and ensuring their actions do not disrupt nature’s delicate balance.


Additionally, this relationship is about learning and guidance. Nature is not just a resource to be used but a teacher. The characters often look to natural phenomena for guidance, whether it’s the stars in the sky or animal behavior. This approach stems from a belief that the natural world possesses wisdom and knowledge that can help humans live more harmoniously and meaningfully. For example, the connection between the natural world and cultural symbolism is explored in the depiction of Ochek’s constellation: “She could see the Big Dipper constellation, the earth counterpart of Ochekatchakosuk. Its bowl, its crooked handle. Its tail. Ochek’s tail. Broken by Mason’s arrow. Ochek, placed in the sky to honor his sacrifice” (68). This passage not only highlights the Indigenous practice of finding meaning and guidance in natural phenomena but also shows how the natural world and the cosmos are integrated into cultural narratives and histories. The story of Ochekatchakosuk is a testament to the respect and reverence for nature deeply embedded in Indigenous cultures. It signifies the belief that the natural world is sacred, and its elements are not merely physical entities but hold spiritual significance. This spiritual connection fosters kinship with the natural world, where humans are not mere inhabitants but relatives to all forms of life. Finally, this relationship is dynamic and reciprocal. Humans impact nature, but nature also profoundly affects humans. The natural world in The Great Bear is a living, breathing entity that responds and adapts to human actions. This dynamic relationship underscores the responsibility humans have toward nature, not just for their survival but also for the planet’s well-being.


In conclusion, “The Great Bear” portrays the relationship between humans and the natural world as one of mutual respect, interdependence, and reverence. It reflects a worldview where nature is not an external entity to be exploited but a vital part of human existence, integrated into cultural narratives, spiritual beliefs, and practices. It is a holistic approach that integrates respect, learning, spirituality, and reciprocity. This perspective encourages a sustainable and balanced approach to interacting with the environment, acknowledging the responsibility and need to protect and honor the natural world for the benefit of all life and future generations.

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