42 pages • 1-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of racism and illness.
The novel’s protagonist and first-person narrator is Tom Layward. He’s in his fifties and is married to Amy. The couple has two children, Michael and Miriam (Miri). Tom teaches at the law school in Westchester County, where he lives with his family, and also takes on intermittent cases, sometimes defending controversial figures in the world of major league sports. On the surface, Tom’s life seems nominally stable and happy. However, he has been discontented for over a decade: Twelve years ago, his wife had an affair, and he agreed not to leave her until the children left home. Tom has been waiting to leave her ever since. When his daughter Miri moves out to attend college, Tom is relieved that he can finally set out on his own after years of abiding an unhappy marital and home life.
Tom is an apathetic character who has trouble taking accountability for his actions and is reluctant to make significant changes in his life. Throughout the novel, other characters repeatedly tell Tom, “You really don’t care about anything” (20). Indeed, he has trouble investing in anything or anyone. Even when Amy is upset or hostile with him, he assumes a detached air. When his daughter leaves for college, he states that he’s sad but doesn’t emote. When he reunites with his college friends, estranged brother, and ex-girlfriend, Tom similarly remarks that he’s glad to see them or has complex feelings about them, but he delves no further into these emotions. He shares little of his life with others and is reluctant to show vulnerability. When Tom has intense physical ailments, and others show concern for him, he dismisses his health, too, insisting that nothing is wrong. Tom’s apathy renders his narrative tone nonchalant and unaffected. Tom states things as they are to him, matter-of-factly, and habitually defends his opinions and beliefs even when they create conflict with others’ views. These aspects of his character make him difficult to like. He isn’t a conventional antihero, but he also doesn’t satisfy all the qualities of a sympathetic character, as few people seem to like him, and he’s resistant to accepting criticism.
Tom shows signs of change by the novel’s end, which makes him a somewhat dynamic character. At the start of the narrative, Tom shows little interest in repairing his marriage and makes few strides to communicate his feelings openly. He has little sympathy for his wife’s experience and shows no signs of remorse for supporting Terry Kirkland despite the negative repercussions it has had on his reputation. In addition, he pities himself, casting himself as a target, whenever someone disagrees with his conservative, often discriminatory beliefs. Tom’s solo road trip across the US challenges him to inspect his character and make changes. By the end of his cross-country adventure, Tom has decided that he no longer wants to be an angry white man, that he wants to stop teaching, and that he wants to stay with Amy. These choices provide narrative evidence that Tom has evolved. However, Tom’s narrative tone doesn’t change, and he spends so little time reflecting on the consequences of his bigotry or bitterness that his evolution appears minimal.
A primary supporting character, Amy is Tom’s wife and Michael and Miri’s mother. Like Tom, she’s middle-aged and preparing to enter the empty nest phase of her parenting and marital life. Unlike Tom, Amy is more willing to express her emotions and to let others see her vulnerability. Often, she snaps at Miri for behaving in a way she doesn’t approve of or for refusing to take herself and her responsibilities more seriously. According to Tom’s narration, Amy and Miri have always had a fraught relationship. Their constant bickering creates narrative tension in Tom’s home and family life throughout Chapter 1. Amy also snaps at Tom for his apathy, for refusing to support her, and for being emotionally detached. Tom shows little sign of caring about Amy’s emotional life and either falls asleep or removes himself from the room when she’s upset.
In the context of Amy and Tom’s marriage, Tom paints himself as the proverbial “good guy” and his wife as the “bad guy.” He particularly blames Amy for the state of their loveless marriage because she “had an affair with a guy called Zach Zirsky” (1), 12 years before the narrative present. Despite the time that has passed since this affair, Tom remains embittered toward his wife. He filters everything Amy does and says through the context of her infidelity. His inability to forgive or move past this incident conveys his refusal to confront his emotions. He feels threatened by the affair, as if it’s evidence that he isn’t good enough for Amy. Additionally, Tom is afraid of truly reflecting on his own stasis and his responsibility in the marriage. Instead, he blames Amy for being ungrateful for the life he has provided for her, for being bored and helpless, and for using the affair to fill the void she felt.
While Tom often homes in on Amy’s negative qualities and all the ways she has changed for the worse, he also underscores how physically attractive she is. His imbalanced descriptions render Amy a caricature of the beautiful, miserable wife: “She’s about five-ten, with terrific posture” and “has long brown curly hair, which she wears past her shoulders, and a strong handsome Waspy face” (5). Amy thus reads like a trope: Although she’s difficult, angry, and outspoken, Tom feels endeared to her because she’s physically attractive.
Throughout the novel, Amy struggles to adjust to Miri’s departure for college. Markovits uses Amy’s character as a narrative device to depict the thematic experience of Navigating Identity in Middle Age from the maternal and female perspective. However, because the novel is written from Tom’s point of view, Amy’s experience of aging and letting go of her children is marginal and lacks nuance. The same is true of her marital experience, which is likewise filtered through Tom’s consciousness. While she and Tom reconcile (as a result of his illness) by the end of the novel, Amy is the one who must make amends and pursue change.
Another supporting character is Tom and Amy’s son, Michael. When Amy first got pregnant with Michael, she “felt disappointed—she’d wanted a girl. But she never had trouble with Michael, he was her little helper” (19). Michael maintains this “helper” role in the narrative present, too. Over the years, however, he has distanced himself from his family for his own self-preservation. Tom asserts that this is because he’s simply “one of those young people who decides that contact with their family isn’t a source of happiness, so you have to limit it to unavoidable occasions” (27). Although he no longer spends much time at home, Michael is devoted to his parents and his younger sister, Miri.
Tom has never had as close a relationship with Michael as with Miri. Tom is convinced that Michael blames him for Amy’s affair and for pulling away from Amy thereafter. Ever since, Tom has felt that he and Michael have “a slightly competitive relationship” (27). Despite this dynamic, Michael shows concern for his father when he notices that Tom looks unwell. In addition, he spends time playing basketball with his dad, asking about his life and job, and giving him advice. These behaviors suggest that Michael doesn’t disdain his family but has set healthy boundaries with them while still participating in their lives.
Michael becomes the “savior figure” in Tom’s story at the novel’s end. He welcomes his father to his home when Tom arrives in California unannounced. He then invites him to spend time with his friends and meet his girlfriend, and he accompanies Tom to his father’s grave. When Tom falls ill, Michael gets him to the hospital and stays by his side throughout his care. These actions prove Michael’s strength and integrity of character. His traits contrast with Tom’s.
Another secondary character is Miriam (Miri), Michael’s younger sister and Tom and Amy’s daughter. At the start of the novel, Miri’s departure for college is the inciting incident that inspires Tom’s road trip. Her plans to leave home alter Tom’s expectations of the future and challenge him to reflect on his life, his work, and his marriage for the first time.
Throughout the novel, Tom repeatedly remarks on how similar Miri is to him. In a moment of introspection, he insists that this is why he has always had trouble confronting Miri for misbehaving, being lazy, or showing disrespect. Even when Amy worries over Miri’s habit of quitting everything she starts, Tom shows no signs of concern because he doesn’t see this as a character flaw: “Miri liked to try things and then quit” (20). Rather, he regards her seeming flakiness as evidence of her self-possession; she tests things out, decides she doesn’t like them, and then moves on to something else she might like better.
Miri’s departure for college spurs Tom’s cross-country trip. His and Miri’s conversations on the way to Carnegie Mellon reveal Tom’s desire to relate to others more authentically. He and Miri don’t resolve anything in their dialogues or even make peace with her departure, but these scenes suggest Tom’s willingness to be emotionally vulnerable and to change.
Another secondary character, Brian Palmetto, is Tom’s college friend and former basketball teammate. Although Brian lives in Colorado, while Tom lives in New York, the two have stayed in touch. They both remain involved in the sporting world, and Brian often contacts Tom about sports-related cases he might enjoy working on as a lawyer. While on the road, Tom hears from Brian about another such case. Aimless and confused, Tom decides to drive out to Denver to see Brian and hear more about the Todd Gimmell suit. Throughout this visit, Brian proves himself to be much the same person he always was: brazen, assertive, and gregarious. Many of his opinions align with Tom’s, but Brian is a more dominant figure. His character is a reflection of Tom, and he magnifies many of Tom’s worst qualities.



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