66 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section contains references to sexual assault and rape.
Sam Wicklow goes to interview Noah. Noah explains that Dakota is the proper term for the nation to which he belongs and gives a brief history of his own family and of the Dakota in the region. He points out to Sam that what white people call “The Sioux Uprising” was actually a series of wars that decimated the Dakota in and around Jewel. He notes the difficulty of being Indigenous in a majority-white area and explains that many with Indigenous ancestry try to hide their roots. He had worked for the Quinns because they were some of the few who had been willing to hire Dakota workers. He confirms the truth of the story that his family’s land had been stolen by the Quinns while many of its members were imprisoned in St. Paul at the end of the Dakota War. He explains that one of his ancestors had been killed at Inkpaduta Bend and argues that it is their crying that can still be heard there at night. Sam listens attentively and asks to be allowed to return for another interview.
At Sunday dinner, Tom tells Brody that Noah and Terry had always had a rivalry because (Tom speculates) Jimmy had thought Noah was the stronger boy. Tom admits that their own father had unfavorably compared him to Brody. This news comes as a surprise to Brody, as their father had always told him to be more like Tom. After dinner, Brody talks with his mother. She is worried about him and even asks if he is gay. He laughs and tells her that he has not found the right girl. She asks about his experiences during the war. He thinks back: Initially, he had been stationed in North Africa, but he had eventually requested a transfer to the Pacific. There, in a jungle, he had been forced to kill one of his fellow soldiers because the man, sick with fever and screaming, would have alerted the nearby Japanese to their position. Horrified at what he had been forced to do, he spent the next few days wandering and had then been captured. He had been taken to a camp and tortured, and the memories still haunt him. After his mother leaves him outside, Garnet sits down. He tells her that they must stop their affair. Tearfully, she tells him that there is something he needs to look at.
Scott and Del head off to camp at Fort Beloit. Garnet shows up at Angie’s and asks about the journals. She tells Angie that she decided not to show them to Brody and asks Angie about her intentions towards him. She is surprised when Angie asks her how long their affair has been going on but does admit that she has loved Brody since she was 17. Later Brody shows up to take Angie on their date, but she asks if they can just talk. She tells him everything, and instead of being upset he is understanding and shares his own secrets from the war. They hug but are interrupted by a call on Brody’s radio: There has been a shooting at the Bluestone farm.
Del takes Scott to the Bluestone farm. It is Kyoko’s shower that he intends to spy on. Quinn and Creasy had been talking about it while drinking. The boys hide in the barn but make noise and are discovered by Kyoko’s dog. Del ends up shooting the dog, and they get away, but Connie, who had also been keeping his eye on the property, rushes to the scene to investigate and finds the dog.
Kyoko’s dog is going to live, and Brody retrieves the bullet from the veterinarian. Believing it to be from Tyler Creasy’s .22, which he had recently identified in another crime, he goes looking for him. He cannot immediately find him but does find Del, who behaves as though he were hiding something.
Brody talks with Kyoko and then Noah. He thinks that Tyler might have shot their dog and is happy to know that Connie will be staying with Kyoko. He takes Hector out for a walk and muses about the war and Black Earth County and its troubled inhabitants.
Creasy returns home and, having talked to his mother and learned that the sheriff is looking for him, beats up both Del and Del’s mother. Brody takes them to a doctor and then purchases two tickets for them so that they can go and stay with family in the Twin Cities. Until they leave, they are staying with Angie and Scott. Del wants to find Creasy and shoot him, and although Scott thinks this is a terrible idea, he goes out with his friend.
Fiona calls Charlie and asks to speak with her. They agree to meet halfway between Fiona and Jewel. Fiona explains to Charlie that Jimmy had sexually abused her for years as a teenager and that the abuse had only stopped when Marta came to live with them. The entire family had been aware but had been powerless to stop it. She adds that it is entirely possible that Marta, who had also been preyed upon by Jimmy, would have killed him to stop him from assaulting her own daughter Colleen, and that Noah and Marta had been lovers many years ago.
Scott and Del are missing, and Angie asks Brody to look for them. Although they were sighted with a gun making threats at the Creasy property, no one can locate the boys.
Charlie heads to the Quinn farm to speak with Marta. She tells her about the conversation she just had with Fiona and asks what really happened on the night of Jimmy’s death. Marta admits that Jimmy had gone after Colleen and that she had shot him when she found out. She had called Noah to help dispose of the body, and he and Kyoko came to help. She reveals that Noah is J.P.’s real father, and that because she was so ill, they had agreed that he would refuse to enter a plea and remain in jail until she died. Then, the letter that she had written along with a collection of photographs from the scene of the crime would be mailed to the county, freeing Noah. Just as she finishes her story, Creasy appears. After threatening the family, he goes into the barn and sets it on fire. A single gunshot is heard from the burning building.
The barn burns down, but Brody is unable to locate Creasy’s body in the wreckage. He, Connie, and his brother Tom are all at the scene now, and they agree that it seems likely Creasy fired the shot to fool the family into thinking he had killed himself and then snuck out. Knowing that Del and Scott are searching for Creasy, they realize that finding him first is of the utmost importance. Connie calls Kyoko and, getting no answer, sets off for the Bluestone farm.
Scott and Del are also hunting for Creasy, and although a bartender in one of the dives they visit in search of the man did see him a few hours prior, they cannot find him. They decide to retrieve their bedrolls and camp at Inkpaduta Point. Although Scott feels guilty for the worry that they must be causing their mothers, he remains with his friend. He is worried about what Del is likely to do if he finds Creasy. They fall asleep, but Del wakes Scott up: Creasy’s truck is visible near their campsite, but he is not there.
Charlie and Connie find Kyoko on the ground outside of her house, sobbing. It is clear that she has been raped.
The boys are still missing. Brody returns to the jail to tell Noah about Kyoko. Noah insists on seeing his wife, so Brody cuffs him and drives him to their farm. He and Kyoko speak, and she assures him that they will be okay in the end. He and Brody head back to the jail, but Noah tells Brody to pull over because he is going to be sick. When they exit the vehicle, Noah jumps on Brody, chokes him, finds the keys to the handcuffs, and uncuffs himself. He leaves in Brody’s vehicle, confirming to Brody that he is going in search of Creasy.
Creasy has returned, and Scott and Del watch from a hidden spot as he eats dinner by the light of a fire. Del accidentally makes a noise, alerting Creasy to the presence of someone else. They hear the ghostly weeping that so many people do at the river, and Del jumps up to shoot Creasy. The gun jams. Then, another figure leaps at Creasy from the shadows and a struggle ensues. The boys realize that the second figure is Noah Bluestone and that he has taken a shot meant for Del. Scott calls out Creasy’s name and then shoots him. His shot finds its mark. When the dust settles, both Noah and Creasy are dead. Brody shows up at the scene shortly, and Scott tells him what happened.
Kyoko leaves Black Earth County after deeding her land to J.P. Quinn. Although she had never been truly welcomed by the people in Jewel, everyone is sad to see her go.
Human lives are like rivers: They merge to form a much larger stream. Because each piece is only one part of a bigger whole, the river remembered by each person is different from the river remembered by another: There are multiple versions of the past.
Charlie lives for many years and remains friends with Angie and Brody. Scott becomes an attorney in Minneapolis. He marries Holly and has children. Del joins the military and dies in Vietnam. Kyoko moves to California and marries again. Brody marries Angie and dies in the act of saving his brother Tom from falling off a scaffolding.
The theme of Masculinity and Coming of Age re-emerges as a focal point in the novel’s final chapters, initially through a scene in which Brody and his brother Tom discuss their father. Each boy remembers being compared unfavorably to the other as boys, and they learn that their father had used the same tactics of shame and low-grade manipulation with each of them, pitting them against each other in an attempt to push them to do better. They realize that the distance between them, caused by years of feeling as though they could never live up to the other in their father’s estimation, had been manufactured. Tom also reveals how highly he had always regarded Noah and confirms many of Brody’s suspicions about Jimmy. Tom observes that though they were not siblings, there had been a similar sense of rivalry between Noah and Jimmy’s son Terry because Terry thought Jimmy believed Noah was stronger and tougher than he was. These two anecdotes underscore the way conflict and physical aggression are central to masculinity inculcated in the young men of Jewel. Even before their experiences in World War II pushed them into adulthood, men like Brody and Tom were taught that their manhood pitted them against other men, even family. Del and Scott, similarly, undergo a violent coming-of-age in the final chapters of the novel, though in their case the conflict they face stems from their desire to protect their loved ones, pointing to an evolution toward empathy in the next generation.
Tyler Creasy emerges as the novel’s second antagonist in the final chapters of the novel. Unlike Jimmy Quinn, Tyler’s bad behavior is partially contextualized by The Scars of War. Unlike other veterans like Brody, however, Tyler copes with his trauma through alcohol abuse, rage, and violence. He is an illustration of the sentiment: “The war killed what was best in a lot of men” (333). Tyler’s demise should also be read in the framework of his Bigotry and Prejudice: He is the most vocal racist in the novel and the character who speaks most frequently in harmful slurs and pejoratives about Indigenous people. His death at the hands of Scott happens in no small part because of his hatred towards Noah Bluestone, whom he targets both directly and through his assault on Kyoko. In some ways, Tyler is a victim of his own prejudice, as his bigotry pushes him to the actions that end in his death. The novel’s treatment of Tyler Creasy’s class position is interesting, especially in light of the careful way that it presents race and gender: Tyler’s family is the poorest in town and is stigmatized for its “trashy” mannerisms and behavior. This is problematic, as his status as an antagonist coupled with his position as one of Jewel’s most economically disadvantaged residents seems to suggest a link between poverty, criminality, and bigotry. Still, the juxtaposition of Tyler with other men who have suffered from The Scars of War and poverty, but who have retained their empathy and humanity, suggests that though Tyler represents one way that such life experiences can warp a person’s beliefs and behaviors, his fate was not inevitable.
In contrast, Jimmy is the novel’s one irredeemable character. Jimmy is revealed to have been a serial sexual predator of both women in his employ and women in his family. Although with many characters, including Brody and Tyler, Krueger argues that identity is a complex composite of both good and bad, Jimmy Quinn does not have any sympathetic characteristics. Even the fact that he was one of the few white farmers in the area willing to hire Indigenous workers is revealed by Noah to have been an economic rather than an ethical decision: He paid them less than white men and thus was able to turn a greater profit from their labor. That Jimmy intended to sexually assault his younger daughter Colleen comes as no surprise at this point in the narrative, but it is surprising to learn that it was his wife Marta and not Noah who dealt him the fatal gunshot. His death becomes another moment of the novel’s murky treatment of morals: Killing is seen by many as objectively wrong, although in the universe of this narrative, Jimmy’s death is presented as a justifiable act.
Noah’s characterization presents a marked contrast with Tyler’s. Each man represents different sides of the theme of Community Cohesion Versus Community Conflict. Whereas Tyler’s Bigotry and Prejudice deepen over time into acts of violence, Noah begins to reverse the Bigotry and Prejudice of his community through patience and education. While speaking with Sam Wicklow and Charlie, he corrects the use of the terms “Sioux” and “Sioux Uprising” and explains that Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota are how the bands of the region refer to themselves. He clarifies that the “uprising” had been in response to harsh mistreatment and land dispossession by area whites. Although Krueger has used the terms Sioux and Sioux Uprising up until this point, he now corrects them. His nomenclature, although historically accurate, is now considered offensive and outdated. By using dated terminology and then depicting exactly the process through which such terminology is replaced with more respectful language, Krueger illustrates the way that American interpretations of history have undergone changes and updates. Rather than use contemporary terminology throughout, he uses the transition to enact the process of learning and doing better.
At the novel’s conclusion, Krueger paints a portrait of a town in a state of ideological flux, in the process of moving from a conflicted community to one that is beginning to achieve a new kind of cohesion. The people of Jewel are shown to be leaving their prejudice behind and accepting one another regardless of race. The novel ends on a hopeful and forward-looking note: Although Noah Bluestone dies, it is during an act of heroism, and the truth of Jimmy Quinn’s murder comes to light. The town regrets its treatment of Noah and Kyoko, and overall, it seems as though a paradigm shift has occurred. The people of Jewel understand the damage that racism and prejudice cause and seem to be on the path to rooting out their bigotry. The moral arc of this narrative bends towards justice and equality.



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