54 pages 1-hour read

The Story of Edgar Sawtelle

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2008

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Chapters 11-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 11 Summary: “Funeral”

The night after Gar’s death, Trudy and Edgar struggle to keep up the appearance of normal kennel operations. The next morning, after making the rounds with the dogs, they head into town to talk with Glen Papineau, the vet’s son and the town’s sheriff. Glen gently interrogates them. Because Trudy was in town when Gar died, the focus rests on Edgar. The sheriff is interested in why the phone was destroyed. Initial reports from the coroner’s office, however, indicate the death was caused by an aneurysm. Claude returns but does not attend the service. He shows up at the gravesite, however. After the funeral service, neighbors bring food to the house. When the day is over, Edgar falls exhausted into bed with Almondine, now his constant companion.

Chapter 12 Summary: “The Letters from Fortunate Fields”

It is spring, and Trudy and Edgar focus on the kennel. Without his father, Edgar, though just 14, shoulders more and more responsibilities. He rejects his mother’s suggestion that when he completes high school, they sell the kennel to help pay for his college. Edgar assures her of his commitment to the family business.


The farm is becoming important to Edgar. In sorting through his father’s papers in the barn, Edgar comes across letters and newspaper articles, some dated more than 40 years earlier, about efforts his grandfather made to genetically engineer a new breed of dog. The idea was controversial. Edgar finds correspondences with Albert Brooks, a New Jersey dog breeder working for a prestigious canine journal, who dismissed such an endeavor as “breathtakingly naïve” (172). Brooks assures Edgar’s grandfather that people can only “create better dogs” when they become “better people” (177). For Edgar, the letters are a revelation, and he feels committed to training and breeding better dogs. Clearly his grandfather was a dreamer, at once stubborn and quixotic. 

Chapter 13 Summary: “Lessons and Dreams”

In the weeks after his father’s death, Edgar dreams frequently of his father; often he feels his father is trying to speak to him. To help with the farm expenses, Trudy returns to teaching and rejects out of hand Dr. Papineau’s suggestion that she invite Claude to help. Papineau is impressed by how the mother and son are keeping up the operations, although he is concerned about whether they can keep up the pace.

Chapter 14 Summary: “Almondine”

Almondine is troubled after Gar’s death by the lingering scent of the man she loved. She remembers the man’s long strides, quiet ways, and gentleness. By spring, however, the scent begins to fade. Nevertheless, sometimes Almondine still sleeps next to Gar’s favorite chair for an entire day.

Chapter 15 Summary: “The Fight”

By late spring, after weeks of overworking and neglecting a bad cough, Trudy comes down with pneumonia. She must be quarantined. Running the farm now falls entirely to Edgar. He tries to rise to the challenge. Five days later, despite Edgar’s best efforts to maintain the routine of the kennels, he neglects to feed the dogs, and a fight breaks out between two of them. Edgar tries to force the two angry dogs apart. In the ensuing melee, one of the dogs bites Edgar on his forearm. Disturbed by the noise of the fracas, Trudy comes into the kennel. She is concerned over Edgar’s bloody forearm. Edgar signs to his mother that she needs to call Claude. The kennel is too much for him. 

Chapter 16 Summary: “Epi’s Stand”

Claude arrives the very next day. With Edgar’s help, Claude tends to the wounds on both dogs. Edgar watches as his uncle soothes the dogs until he can get them sedated using a syringe. Claude then tends to the wounds before suturing them up “neat, black, and even” (220). Edgar admires his uncle’s confident way with the syringe.

Chapter 17 Summary: “Courtship”

Edgar grows accustomed to Claude’s Impala parked at the farm. Ever alert and observant, Edgar senses that Claude is pursuing a romantic relationship with his mother. Determined to keep his mother faithful to the memory of his father, Edgar asks her about the miscarriages before he was born, and whether the grief she feels now for Gar is like that. Trudy struggles to answer. She reveals that she knows he is sleeping restlessly since Claude returned, that he even hits himself in the chest while he sleeps. She tells him Claude proposed marriage, but that she declined for now. Trudy tells Edgar that he reminds her of his father—the way Edgar walks and the way he works with the dogs. But, she tells him, things change: “There’s a difference between missing [your father] and wanting nothing to change” (228).


One rainy night, when the dogs out in the kennel bay mournfully for no apparent reason, Edgar decides to investigate.

Chapter 18 Summary: “In the Rain”

As Edgar approaches the barn through the pouring rain, he discerns a shadowy figure of a man. Edgar is stunned when the figure begins to sign to him, telling him to release the dogs. Released, the dogs happily gather about the ghostly figure. The figure reveals to Edgar that he is his father, and that tonight Edgar must search the barn for something “he” thinks is “lost forever” (238). Gar does not identify who the “he” is, but Edgar understands his father means Claude. Inside the barn, Edgar rummages through the stacks of materials, uncertain what he is looking for. Under the stairs, the boy discovers a plastic-barreled syringe. He returns to his father and shows him the syringe. Gar reminds Edgar that he has seen his uncle use a syringe. The father warns Edgar that his brother has always taken what he wants, and that if what he wants is Trudy, he will have her. Before the figure vanishes in the rainy mist, it drops the syringe into the grass. It cracks, spilling whatever was in it. 

Chapter 19 Summary: “The Awakening”

The following morning, Edgar awakens troubled by the night before. He wonders whether it was a dream, or if he really saw a ghost. Claude and Trudy are having breakfast. He sees his uncle now in a dangerous light. Edgar thinks his uncle regards him differently. Determined to appear normal, Edgar greets his uncle with a smile.

Chapter 20 Summary: “Smoke”

Trudy senses that something troubles Edgar. She tells him that if he has a problem with his uncle, he should know that Claude will be moving back to his old room. Trudy assures her son that, although his father and his uncle had moments of anger, such fights “had been going on all their lives” (257). Edgar believes that the coroner’s findings about the aneurysm were wrong, that his uncle killed his father, and that somehow that syringe was key. He is stunned to see that the grass has turned white “as bone” (261) on the spot where the syringe was crushed in the rain.

Chapter 21 Summary: “Hangman”

That night, Edgar wrestles with the mysterious message his father tried to convey to him before he vanished. Gar had started to sign the letters H A A I. In the barn, Edgar rummages through the archives of the farm’s paperwork looking for clues. He comes across a letter, dated 1935, to his grandfather telling him that a dog named Hachiko died in Japan. The letter, and others that Edgar unearths, suggest that Hachiko was the product of his father’s early cutting-edge efforts to breed a super dog, a canine able to discern emotions and respond to situations with logic. Edgar, though fascinated, is not sure why his father wanted him to find out about this dog. 

Chapters 11-21 Analysis

In the aftermath of Gar’s death, Edgar and Trudy struggle to keep up the appearance of routine operations. In these chapters, the novel amplifies the thematic arguments set up in the opening chapters: the special endowments of the Sawtelle dogs, particularly Almondine and the mysterious Hachiko, and how breeding superior dogs offers a counterargument to the family’s spiral into tragedy; the importance of communication, highlighted here by the visitation of Gar’s ghost and the development of The Reality of the Supernatural as a theme; and the emergence of Claude as the novel’s dark and dangerous villain.


Edgar taps unexpectedly into the family history of breeding dogs. In reading through the archives in the barn, Edgar sees the magnitude of his grandfather’s vision of creating an entirely new breed of dog. This was not, his grandfather believed, some demented Frankenstein overreach but rather a project sanctioned by genetics and encouraged by advances in a research lab experiments. The basis of Sawtelle’s interest is his concept that dogs should not be trained to make choices—that was old-school behavioralism. Rather, John Sawtelle believed a dog should “make complex choices between training objectives” (171). Dogs, in short, should solve problems on their own.


The breeding protocols are a counterargument to the decline of the Sawtelle family. As young Edgar glimpses the magnitude of his grandfather’s visionary concepts, his own family begins its spiral into tragedy. To paraphrase the snooty New Jersey dog breeder with whom John Sawtelle corresponds, it is impossible to breed better dogs until there is a way to breed better people. The more that Edgar reads through the archives, the more committed he becomes to his family’s dream, to the point where he dismisses out of hand selling the farm to ensure a college education.


The novel juxtaposes the idealistic dream of creating morally aware dogs capable of making logical choices against the emergence of the reptilian Uncle Claude. Unlike the dogs that John Sawtelle dreamed of creating, Claude is driven solely by old-school behavioralism. He makes predictable choices compelled by self-interest, greed, and paranoia. His return to the farm when Trudy is bedridden marks the beginning of the novel’s descent into tragedy. As Edgar watches his uncle wields the syringe to minister to the wounded dogs, he first intuits that his dreams, in which he feels certain that his father is trying to communicate with him, may point to his uncle as his father’s murderer.


Communication creates a bond between Gar and his son. It is an appropriately dark and stormy night when Edgar ventures out to the kennel. In keeping with the ominous vibe, the usually quiet dogs refuse to stop baying. The figure in the rain disturbs Edgar. Indeed, it appears to be actually made of rain. At first Edgar is reluctant to trust his eyes: “He squeezed his eyes shut again. It was like watching the orchard, trying to catch everything motionless for one instant” (235). Here, the novel introduces elements of the Reality of the Supernatural. Edgar never questions the validity of the apparition. Gar warns his son of the threat posed by his brother’s greed, his lack of a moral conscience, and his willingness to use both Edgar and his mother to bring down the Sawtelle farm: “Whatever he’s wanted, he’s taken” (240). Edgar feels uncomfortably close to a difficult truth: The man moving into his home and romancing his mother is the man who killed his father. As the visit from Gar’s ghost abruptly ends, the novel begins its descent into confusion represented by the return of Claude, now exposed as an agent of malice. It is as if the cosmos itself sees the uneasy time ahead and the loss of clarity and understanding: “The clouds gaped and folded and closed across the moon” (241).


Chapter 14, told from the perspective of Almondine, provides a brief counternarrative. The dog is motivated only by her emotional tie to Gar: “To her, the scent and the memory of him were one” (194). Unlike Trudy, who feels the inevitability of a relationship with Claude, and unlike Edgar, who bonds most profoundly with his father only after his death, Almondine maintains a loving relationship with Gar. She moves about the house sniffing about, clinging to the any evidence of his scent. As the scent begins to fade over the months, the dog evidences a grief uncomplicated by selfishness. The purity and depth of the dog’s loyalty, as she mourns “the casual line of his roughened hand across her back and the heat of his body through the fabric” (194), puts the practical grief of Trudy in cold relief. 

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