The Surrogate Mother

Freida McFadden

49 pages • 1-hour read

Freida McFadden

The Surrogate Mother

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Symbols & Motifs

Advertising

The motif of advertising symbolizes illusion versus reality in McFadden’s novel. In her job at Stewart Advertising, the protagonist manufactures fantasies to manipulate the desires of consumers. Abby’s campaign for the baby product manufacturer Cuddles exemplifies the inauthentic nature of advertising. Jed Cofield’s insistence that an “ugly” baby is removed from the website highlights his desire for an unrealistically airbrushed image that does not reflect actuality. Abby’s creation of a webpage “filled with dozens of pictures of cherubic babies with halos on their heads” presents a marketable vision of infants targeted at new parents (5). The angelic images also reflect Abby’s idealized notion of motherhood. Abby’s creation of the Cuddles tagline “because your baby deserves the best” while privately critiquing the “shoddy” quality of their goods highlights the dishonest nature of advertising campaigns (138). Jed’s observation that the slogan is “clean, simple…and it guilt trips the parents into paying a little more for [their] baby food” further conveys how advertisements often dupe consumers with persuasive tactics (138).


McFadden’s depiction of the advertising industry mirrors how the characters “sell” modified versions of themselves to influence others. For example, Abby’s investment in an Armani suit reflects her belief that to secure the trust of important clients, she must appear successful. Meanwhile, Monica takes the concept of societal masks to another level. Devious, egotistical, and predatory, she presents herself as a dependable, altruistic, and non-threatening individual, convincing Abby that she is the perfect surrogate. Abby’s comparison of Monica’s modest clothing choices to those of a “nun” recalls the equally deceptive halos of the babies in the Cuddles advertising campaign. Later in the narrative, further parallels with advertising emerge as Monica shapes the other characters’ perceptions of Abby. By manipulating appearances, she presents a convincing portrait of Abby as having a drug addiction and being capable of murder.

Clothing

McFadden uses the motif of clothing to enhance characterization and highlight the theme of Deception and Trust in Relationships. For example, describing the approach of her boss, Denise Holt, Abby notes, “The heels of her Christian Louboutin pumps tap loudly against the ground with each step” (34). The description of Denise’s expensive designer shoes emphasizes her professional success and status. Furthermore, the loud noise that the pumps create as Denise draws nearer highlights her intimidating nature.


Sam is immune to the lure of designer clothing, believing that “his suits from Men’s Wearhouse look identical to anything he’d get at Armani or Prada” (9). While Abby gently critiques her husband’s lack of sartorial style, Sam’s disinterest in the impression that his apparel makes on others symbolizes his honesty and integrity. His straightforward, utilitarian attitude toward clothing highlights his lack of guile.


Unlike Sam, Monica is depicted as using clothing as a disguise, highlighting her duplicitous character. Her demure work outfits at the beginning of the narrative are a tool of manipulation, luring Abby into believing that she does not represent a threat to her marriage. Monica’s dramatic change of style to low-cut maternity tops once pregnant signals her malign intentions. Her choice of red clothing to match her lipstick symbolizes sexual confidence and danger as she attempts to lure Sam away from Abby. At the same time, the maternity clothing emphasizes her pregnancy, providing a visual reminder to Sam that the baby she is carrying is a connection between them. Monica’s deliberate use of clothing to manipulate others is emphasized in her ability to switch costumes according to the occasion. She hides her pregnancy bump expertly at work but dresses to accentuate it at her hospital appointments with Sam.

Food and Drink

The motif of food and drink is traditionally associated with nurturing and comfort. However, in The Surrogate Mother, McFadden subverts this symbolism to illustrate the deceptive nature of appearances. Throughout the narrative, food and drink are connected with concealed agendas and the infliction of harm, underlining the theme of Deception and Trust in Relationships.


As Abby’s assistant, Monica frequently brings her boss coffee and lunch and serves refreshments during meetings. Presenting herself as a caring provider of sustenance reinforces Abby’s misguided belief that Monica would make the ideal surrogate mother. Abby’s later realization that Monica has been dosing her food and drink with methamphetamines underlines how her character manipulates appearances to pursue her secret scheme. McFadden also portrays undertaking corporate catering duties as a sign of professional juniority. Thus, Monica’s usurpation of Abby at work is signaled when Denise asks the protagonist to clean away the coffee cups while her assistant talks to important clients.


Gertie’s character is closely aligned with food, as Abby’s fondest memories of her former assistant involve her delicious homemade cookies. The depiction of Gertie as a comforting maternal figure who demonstrates her caring nature through food is reinforced when she unexpectedly arrives at Abby’s apartment to cook her breakfast. Eating Gertie’s food in the homely setting of the kitchen gives Abby a brief sense of security at her lowest point. The revelation that Gertie spiked her orange juice with a potentially fatal dose of sleeping pills demonstrates, once again, the dangers of trusting appearances.


Sam’s connection to food in the novel starkly contrasts with Monica’s and Gertie’s. His lack of culinary talent is humorously emphasized throughout the narrative as his attempts to present Abby with delicious meals are largely inedible. Sam’s unappetizing dishes, despite his well-meaning efforts, are juxtaposed with the hostile intentions of the antagonists, disguised as hospitality. The symbol of Sam’s apron underlines the marked differences between the characters. An anniversary gift from Abby, the apron represents Sam’s attempts to cook for his wife as an imperfect expression of genuine devotion. Meanwhile, when Gertie dons Sam’s apron, it is to produce a fatal meal for the protagonist. Sam’s surprisingly tasty creation of homemade baby food for David at the end of the novel underlines how his cooking is motivated by love.

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