61 pages • 2-hour read
Nicole PerlrothA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
A decade ago, the biggest threats to global security were physical, but now they are digital. The COVID-19 pandemic has just highlighted how divided the world is, and with the cyber arms race is well underway, pushing the world to the brink of catastrophe. Perlroth does not profess to have all the answers to this problem, but she believes that she is helping by bringing these issues to the attention of the general public.
She proposes that the opensource code on which much of the world’s digital infrastructure is dependent needs to be secured. Some European countries are pioneering grants and programs to support opensource developers, and she contends that this process should take place on a much larger scale. In certain industries, like the medical field, software developers should be required to list the sources of their code so that it can be checked for vulnerabilities. Work also needs to be done on mitigating the damage that hackers can cause once they have accessed key systems; potential solutions involve “sandboxing” and isolating programs and apps. Perlroth notes that because individual users are usually the weakest link in any security plan, they need to get in the habit of updating their systems and programs promptly, using two-factor authentication, and creating strong passwords. Elections should not be conducted online because no online voting system can be completely secured; this threat could potentially undermine democracy. US government agencies need to develop policies to improve resilience to cyberattacks, like the ones that have helped Japan in recent years. She also recommends that the position of cybersecurity coordinator be reinstated and the VEP process expanded to include more governmental departments. She notes that the trust deficit in corporate and government sectors must be addressed, and all of this needs to be done in anticipation of a major catastrophe rather than as a response to the aftermath of an attack.
In her dynamic Epilogue, Perlroth provides a comprehensive summary of her main points and delivers a sharp call to action, stressing her own ongoing efforts to help improve the current state of American cybersecurity. By suddenly adopting a much more decisive and authoritative tone and making frequent use of imperative statements, she adds force to her arguments and capitalizes on the extensive examples that she has already provided of her own expertise and authority on these topics. Notably, her depiction of current and near-future events is bleak at best, but she also recommends a series of actionable suggestions to improve the situation. Although the Epilogue contains more editorializing than her more objective journalistic approach in earlier sections, the text’s conclusion nonetheless retains Perlroth’s customary clarity and sincerity. Now that the essence of her narrative has been delivered, she has the latitude to provide her undiluted opinions. This final section function as the conclusion to an essay, building on the information and themes presented in the main body and proposing a way forward from the endpoint of the current process.
While Perlroth does include a wealth of varied data to support her arguments, This Is How They Tell Me the World Ends is at heart a very Americentric book, and it is designed to appeal to the general perspective of United States citizens. While this stylistic choice may alienate Perlroth’s global audience, it aligns with the target demographic of the newspaper for which she has worked for over a decade. By adopting this specific focus, she also restricts the scope of the book to a more manageable level, gaining the freedom to write with depth as well as breadth.
Most importantly, this final section focuses primarily on providing logical ways for the average person to take ownership of The Responsibility to Safeguard Digital Infrastructure. The Epilogue is a call to action above all else, ending with the impactful, all-caps assertion that “SOMEONE SHOULD DO SOMETHING” (406). The vagueness of this statement conveys Perlroth’s essential frustration with the issues at hand and implies that anyone who is capable of “doing something” to improve the situation should take action, even at the individual level.



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