52 pages 1-hour read

Tom's Midnight Garden

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1958

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Chapters 16-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 16 Summary: “The Tree-House”

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of gender discrimination.


Hatty builds a treehouse with the help of Tom’s instructions. He assures her that one of the branches is safe, as he has climbed it before. He remembers, too late, that he is weightless in the garden. Before Tom can warn Hatty, she falls from the tree. 


Abel comes running, picks up Hatty’s limp body, and carries her toward the house. When Tom follows, Abel shouts, “Get you gone!” (129). The gardener reveals that he has always seen and heard Tom but ignored him. Abel enters the house and bolts the back door, locking Tom outside.

Chapter 17 Summary: “In Search of Hatty”

When Abel reemerges, Tom begs to know how Hatty is. Abel reluctantly confirms that she is alive. Tom enters the house and is able to go beyond the hallway for the first time. He searches upstairs for Hatty, fearing that she will die. 


Tom is shocked when he sees James on the landing, as Hatty’s cousin is now a man. He listens to James’s conversation with Hatty’s aunt. Grace says that Hatty’s accident proves that she “has no sense of what is fitting to her sex and her age” (138). James defends Hatty, suggesting that she is immature because she has not had the opportunity to socialize. He also points out that she has no hope of marrying or earning a living if she never leaves the house. James suggests that Hatty should be included in future outings.

Chapter 18 Summary: “The Bedroom With Two Barred Windows”

Tom finds Hatty’s room, which has a barred window. He realizes that, in the Kitsons’ apartment, Hatty’s bedroom has been partitioned into his room and the bathroom next door. He also notes that Hatty looks older than when they first met.


Hatty assures Tom that she is fine and shows him her secret hiding place under the closet’s floorboards. She takes out a photograph of her parents, recalling how she used to tell Tom they were a king and queen. Tom tells Hatty that he will see her tomorrow, as usual. However, Hatty observes that Tom often disappears for months.


Tom goes back outside and then reopens the back door, expecting to return to the present. However, the hallway remains full of the Melbournes’ possessions. He returns to Hatty’s room and finds her asleep. Tom lies on the floor and also falls asleep. When he wakes up, he is back in his own room.

Chapter 19 Summary: “Next Saturday”

Peter writes to Tom, warning him that their parents want him to return home on Saturday. Tom feels divided—he misses his family but does not want to leave the garden.


Tom walks to the river with Gwen and notes how it has changed since Hatty’s era. Houses and an asphalt path have replaced the meadows, and no signs of wildlife exist. Gwen says that the nearby houses and factories pollute the river.

Chapter 20 Summary: “The Angel Speaks”

That night, Tom is surprised when he enters the garden, as it is covered with snow. He follows Hatty’s footprints to the frozen pond, where she is trying to skate. Tom has gained weight since living with the Kitsons, due to his aunt’s rich food. Nevertheless, Hatty observes that he looks “thinner.” Tom reminds Hatty that she promised to show him what was written inside the grandfather clock. He is impatient as she excitedly explains that she is going skating with her cousins and their friends. Finally, Hatty opens the grandfather clock case, revealing the inscription “Time No Longer” (161), a quotation from the Book of Revelation in the Bible.


Abel catches Hatty and Tom as they borrow his Bible to find the quotation. The gardener is astonished but pleased to see Tom consulting the holy book. Finding the correct chapter and verse, Tom and Hatty read about an angel descending from heaven, standing astride the sea and earth, and declaring “that there should be time no longer” (163). Hatty explains that it refers to the end of the world. Tom declines Hatty’s invitation to return to the pond and goes back to bed to think.

Chapter 21 Summary: “Time and Time Again”

Tom reflects that if time can end, as the biblical quotation suggests, then it is not an immovable force. It may, therefore, be possible to “dodge” time and remain in the past. When Tom broaches the subject of angels and time over breakfast, Alan becomes impatient with Tom’s illogical questions and storms off to work. That evening, Alan apologizes to Tom and provides a baffling scientific explanation of how time operates.


That night, Tom enters the garden. The landscape is still snowy, but a new gate in the hedge indicates that a significant amount of time has passed in Hatty’s era. Going through the gate into the meadow, Tom sees that the river is frozen, and groups of people are skating on the ice. Hatty skates toward Tom, initially unsure if it is him. She tells Tom that she missed him, even though she now has other friends. Hatty excitedly describes how skating makes her feel “as free as a bird” (172). Tom enjoys sliding on the ice but cannot keep up with Hatty without skates.


Tom asks Hatty to keep her skates in the secret hiding place in her closet whenever she isn’t using them. Hatty is confused but promises to do so. Tom goes back to his bedroom and finds Hatty’s skates in the hiding place.

Chapters 16-21 Analysis

Tom building a treehouse with Hatty recalls the protagonist’s thwarted plans with his brother at the beginning of the novel. The description demonstrates how the midnight garden and Hatty’s friendship have allowed him to fulfill his hopes in unexpected ways, connecting to the theme of The Transformative Power of Friendship. However, Hatty’s fall from the tree marks a crucial turning point in the narrative. Tom’s sense of powerlessness as he desperately searches for Hatty in the house foreshadows a growing distance between the two characters. In addition, the conversation between James and Grace concerning Hatty’s marriage and employment prospects catalyzes Tom’s realization that Hatty has aged. While Hatty has become a young woman, he remains a child. This juxtaposition is emphasized when Tom notices “that she sp[eaks] to him as if he were a child and she were not” (144). Hatty’s amused recollection of how she once claimed that her parents were royalty illustrates that she has left the world of youthful invention behind.


The growing disparity in the friends’ viewpoints is highlighted in their differing perceptions of their shared experiences, developing the theme of The Contrast Between Childhood and Adulthood from a new perspective. While Tom visits every night, Hatty complains that months pass between their meetings. Furthermore, Hatty finds it increasingly difficult to identify Tom from a distance, observing that he has become “thinner.” The protagonist’s less tangible presence in the garden reflects Hatty’s increasing interactions with the outer world and her exposure to a broader social circle. While Tom remains important to her, Hatty’s acquisition of friends of her own age makes her less needful of his company.


The novel’s accompanying shift in tone, to one of loss and melancholy, is reflected in the changing associations of the symbols in these chapters. The grandfather clock, which formerly represented the fluidity of time, now makes Tom uncomfortably aware of time passing. Meanwhile, the protagonist’s observation of the river’s pollution in his own time underlines the inevitability of change. The garden’s change of season also reflects unwelcome developments from Tom’s point of view. While summer was associated with carefree childhood activities, the onset of winter reflects Hatty’s approaching adulthood. The frozen river highlights the differences between the friends, as Tom wants to stay in the garden, while Hatty is keen to skate. Hatty’s assertion that she wants “to go so far—so far!” reflects her new sense of freedom as the horizons of adult life open up to her (172). Disadvantaged by his lack of skates, Tom cannot keep up with Hatty on the ice, just as he cannot match her aging process. Feeling “left out of the fun” (171), he again experiences social isolation.


As Tom senses that the magical world he has discovered is slipping through his fingers, the deadline that his parents issue for his return creates further narrative conflict. Tom’s dilemma at the beginning of the novel is ironically reversed as his initial resistance to staying with the Kitsons turns to a reluctance to return home. The story gains a new sense of urgency as Tom races against time to find a way to prolong his time in the garden. Fixated with the grandfather clock’s inscription, “Time No Longer” (16), he feels that he can control his destiny if he can only understand its meaning. In a larger sense, Tom’s reluctance to leave echoes his reluctance to leave childhood behind, while Hattie’s growth reminds him of its inevitability, increasing his desperation.

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