Uncanny Valley: A Memoir

Anna Wiener

57 pages 1-hour read

Anna Wiener

Uncanny Valley: A Memoir

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2020

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Part 2, Chapters 19-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2: “Scale”

Chapter 19 Summary

Wiener begins work at the open-source startup, a beloved institution in the industry. Taking inspiration from the free software community that birthed it, the startup’s culture maintains a “subversive, countercultural, and deeply techno-utopian ethos” (158). Wiener describes the freedom this offers employees: They can name their own salaries and work remotely if they wish. The company exists as much or more online, in the cloud, than in its opulent headquarters. To acclimate herself—and with no formal onboarding program established—Wiener plumbs its extensive archive of documented meetings and conversations. She reads chat logs about a sexual discrimination scandal from which the company has just begun to recover, scrolling the record of how employees reacted to the event in real time. She considers this lurking pragmatic, using it “a means of discovering whom to avoid and whom to trust” (160).


In her second week, Wiener travels to Chicago to join a “hack house,” an event in which employees convene in a city together to work in person. She befriends her new coworkers easily and on the second night, they discuss recent changes in company culture as it navigates out of a “prolonged awkward adolescence.” One female coworker complains coldly that the discrimination scandal, while upsetting for moral reasons, has also reduced the value of employees’ equity. Later, Wiener witnesses a harassment campaign against women in gaming—the “Gamergate” controversy—who maintain a repository of information on their targets on the startup’s platform. After the startup disables the trolls’ repository, Wiener raises concerns about death threats flooding into the Support inbox. A coworker quickly dismisses these concerns.

Chapter 20 Summary

Wiener receives a step counter as an onboarding gift, and describes other trends of biohacking, now ubiquitous in San Francisco, that reflect the industry’s “fetish for optimization culture” (166). Reflecting on the meaning of these trends, the narration notes that the goal in self-optimization is “productivity, not pleasure” and that the ability to synthesize data on one’s biological cycles amounts not to self-knowledge, but only “metadata.” Wiener tries working at the startup’s headquarters (“HQ”), a casual, playful clubhouse, with no bosses and no one obeying a mandatory schedule. She notes the odd, unsettling presence of screens displaying heat maps to indicate where humans are throughout the building. She claims desk space—a “flag in the ground” (168)—and tries to adapt to the company’s anarchic environment, echoing of the assimilation process at her previous job. She describes the surprising intimacy of her team’s videoconference meetings, when she works from home. She enjoys the warmth of the team through the laptop until the meeting ends and the team disappears juxtaposing the virtual closeness with the silence of being physically alone in her room.

Chapter 21 Summary

Wiener explores a message board frequented by many of her coworkers. There, developers and other industry types share work tips, experiment with ideologies, and pursue tone deaf debates about gender in the workplace, offering a window into the minds of men in her industry. She attends a conference in Phoenix for women in computing, where she learns that sexism and discrimination is even more severe on engineering teams than in the more naturally empathetic support department. She feels a maternal kinship and inspiration when meeting the younger female engineers who pass out resumes. The conference’s open discussions of discrimination make her hopeful that the industry may be at the start of a transformation. However, Wiener illustrates through anecdotes that many CEOs and founders invested in the status quo continue to resist change.


The open-source startup’s recovery process continues to impact its utopian atmosphere: “It was as if someone had switched on the lights at a party, and everyone was scrambling to tidy up, looking around for paper towels and trash bags, rubbing red eyes and scrounging for mints” (180). The company hires a management consultant to help the startup lead in the “diversity space.” The consultant strategically engages her mostly white and male audience by appealing to priorities of achievement and profit, rather than advocating empathy and ethical behavior for its own sake; a vocal minority of Wiener’s coworkers still resist these trainings. Wiener’s narration analyzes the tech industry’s dubious attachment to “meritocracy”—a concept originally coined in satire: “[T]he meritocracy narrative was cover for a lack of structural analysis” (182). The chapter closes on a jarring anecdote of Wiener seeing an injured, homeless black man wearing a hoodie with her company’s logo on it. She feels intense guilt but passes him quickly and continues to work.

Part 2, Chapters 19-21 Analysis

These chapters chronicle Wiener’s onboarding at the open-source startup. The sequence mirrors aspects of her early experiences at the mobile analytics company, highlighting how she has changed since her start in the tech industry. She approaches her new workplace with skepticism, clearer vision, and caution. The open-source startup—a larger and more established company than her previous workplace—offers a broader perspective from which to observe the cultural peculiarities and problems of the tech industry. Working remotely causes her to reflect on how she neglects her physical body in her work. By attending the women’s conference and working with the diversity consultant, she comes to appreciate how the industry’s penchant for anarchic, utopian organizational structures leaves some employees vulnerable and precarious even within powerful and successful companies.


Wiener’s use of juxtaposition in these chapters adds a surreal quality to her experience of her new job, even as she struggles to see the company and herself more clearly. Her prose includes many contrasts and contradictions, as well as sudden shifts in scale and space. The company’s headquarters is enormous, clublike, a sort of playground—but also mostly empty. Wiener ostensibly has been given immense freedom, but inside HQ, she notices herself continually surveilled by the heat map. In her virtual team meeting she feels camaraderie and kinship, but upon the end of the meeting she is abruptly alone.


These contrasts show Wiener’s persistent inner conflict unresolved: She desires to participate in the industry’s momentum but constantly experiences alienation from it and hesitation about its ethical consequences. She finds relief among the women engineers at the conference and with the diversity consultant, experiencing deeper kinship with people who share her experience and advocate for change. However, Wiener’s narration continues to turn on voyeuristic anecdotes and other characters’ dialogue to reveal the hypocrisies of the industry. Her inaction in the face of the homeless man in the train station underscores her character’s continued passivity, though it also illustrates heightened awareness and guilt at her own failure to act.


Here, Wiener confronts issues of sexual discrimination in tech most comprehensively of any chapters thus far. Her muted reception of the Gamergate controversy juxtaposes her passive stance with her proximity to the controversy, showing how she and her coworkers had opportunity to act on the alarming behavior they saw but did nothing. While racial discrimination is only minimally discussed prior to this point, it begins to enter the narrative in a limited way in the character of the diversity consultant and the image of the homeless man on the train platform. Her critique of self-optimization trends and her incisive discussion of meritocratic ideology point to a repeated pattern of thought in the industry that privileges a white male perspective.

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