Uncanny Valley: A Memoir

Anna Wiener

57 pages 1-hour read

Anna Wiener

Uncanny Valley: A Memoir

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2020

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Themes

The Tech Industry’s Optimism as a Double-Edged Sword

Wiener’s memoir opens with a playfully grandiose description of the tech industry’s attitude at the time of her arrival: “It was a year of new optimism: the optimism of no hurdles, no limits, no bad ideas. The optimism of capital, power, and opportunity” (3-4). Her story reveals this optimism as both a fuel for growth and an excuse for reckless and unethical behavior, both individually and organizationally. At the beginning of the narrative, Wiener feels pessimistic about her career prospects, facing a narrow path to success in a shrinking industry. It is an optimistic article depicting an e-reading startup as “the future of publishing” (9-10) that convinces her to make the move into tech. Notably, the positive attitude driving Wiener’s early choices originates not with Wiener herself but in the speech, actions, and character of others. The startup’s founders radiate an optimism that she admires and longs for: “They were generous with their unsolicited business advice […] They were aspirational. I wanted, so much, to be like—and be liked by—them” (14). Though her stint there is short, their sense of “entitlement to the future” makes an impression.


When Wiener moves to San Francisco, she continues to emulate the optimism of others and is initially seduced by the industry’s bright, playful aesthetics. Companies are called “pickaxes,” “rocket ships,” or “unicorns”; her company’s success is described as a “cause,” and her coworkers go about their work with an almost missionary zeal. In this environment, Wiener frequently encounters situations about which she has misgivings, but she ignores her own instincts in favor of the persuasive positivity of others, as in an anecdote where she begins using a ride-sharing app:


It seemed cynical and backward to pay a private company to brute-force carpooling by putting more cars on the road. But […] I found myself ducking into strangers’ sedans on a nightly basis […] Clutching my keys, crossing my fingers (55).


Indulging tech’s optimism involves many such moments of tunnel vision and nervous finger-crossing, while self-soothing with the abundant conveniences and monetary benefits of working in the industry. However, besides financial stability, tech’s intoxicating optimism seems to be the key incentive keeping Wiener in her job. She tries to develop the innate happiness she sees in others via assimilation to tech culture, while remaining insulated from the increasingly insecure, unequal world beyond.


As the narrative proceeds, Wiener struggles to sustain her connection to a sense of optimism. After souring on the negative work environment and questionable ethics of the mobile analytics company, she leaves for the “techno-utopian” open-source software startup. The decision echoes her naïvely optimistic step to the industry at the beginning of the book. She sees the new job as a chance to participate in a more authentically positive project, ignoring it when a more informed friend cautions her otherwise: “I believed in the mission, I told him. I didn’t see the harm. I confessed that I thought the platform had radical potential. […] ‘For me, it’s a dark specter of centralization,’ he said” (152).


Throughout the book, Wiener’s narration lays bare the ways that the industry’s sunny attitudes about itself provide cover for its opportunism and irresponsibility. She embodies this habit herself, imaginatively ascribing the best of intentions to CEOs, founders, and friends who over time appear more motivated by power and profit than by ideals. The wild, gambling optimism of venture capitalists makes the ecosystem possible; Wiener sees firsthand at the mobile analytics company how often startups grow not through smart revenue models but by the grace and abundance of capital. The industry’s absorption in its own insular rhetoric and overstimulating products muffles Wiener’s experience of many concerning sociopolitical events. The open-source startup’s optimistic belief in meritocracy—an organizing principle across Silicon Valley—ignores the exceptional privilege of the young white men who dominate its workforce.


The book’s closing chapter provides a more definitive and disturbing referendum on the mechanics of Silicon Valley’s optimism, while Wiener and her friends indulge the oversaturated positivity of their social media feeds in the hours before Trump wins the election. Closing the book with this anecdote suggests naïve optimism common in the industry enabled a political disengagement that rendered potentially powerful actors—herself, and the industry at large—complicit and impotent. In the Epilogue, she copes with this outcome by eschewing tech’s self-serving optimism for more grounded self-reflection and analysis, pursuing her deeper desire to write.

Disconnection From Physical Reality and the Encroachment of Virtual Experience

Before entering the tech industry, Wiener leads a life in which she is subject to tech’s expanding influence but oblivious to its power and scope. She admits an affinity for non-digital, tactile experiences, and maintains a social circle that prefers the same. Nevertheless, she spends most days looking at social media, in “a current of digital digression […] scrolling through the photos and errant musings of people I should have long since forgotten” (5). Despite her inclinations, tech installs itself in various corners of her daily life, while she goes about a familiar if slightly stale routine “staving off a thrumming sense of dread” (8).


Wiener moves to Silicon Valley to flee this dread, but immediately encounters an environment filled with disorientating interactions, the absurd “nonlanguage” of the internet, and surreal imagery. Her narration as she acclimates to her new life employs odd juxtapositions and vivid details to show mundane objects and settings as strange and fraught with greater meaning. She first arrives in and moves about the city using home-sharing and ride-sharing apps, which offer the experience of couch-surfing and carpooling with strangers rather than friends. She notes that these tools make a familiar, typically intimate experience odd and transactional. Starting at the mobile analytics company, she finds the operation as a whole is “peanut-sized” but set in a cavernous warehouse office space; walking in, her attention lingers on a stack of drink cans she describes as “an obelisk,” appearing simultaneously meaningless and monumental.


San Francisco defies Wiener’s expectations of urban space and organization: “Bars and cafes opened late and closed early; traffic seemed to slide backward, downhill” (51). Ironic imitations and echoes of authentic experience abound, as once-functional objects, contexts and systems are appropriated as idle curiosities. The company’s CTO copes with insomnia by playing a long-distance trucking simulator late into the night; Wiener’s colleagues frequent a bar made to look like a speakeasy, with a décor of newsprint and typewriters, “on the edge of a neighborhood filled with paperless offices” (61). The analytics company times its all-hands meeting with San Francisco’s weekly citywide siren call, a test of the municipal emergency warning system. This detail foreshadows the industry’s eventual invulnerability, as well as Wiener’s disenchantment; the warning bell—typically a symbol of danger—instills no fear at the analytics startup and is instead appropriated as an alarm clock of sorts. Wiener hears the sound regularly at work while ignoring her internal warning signals about facets of the job that don’t seem quite right.


Wiener becomes disconnected from physical and sensory experience as she invests more deeply in her work. Early on, this occurs through saturation and overstimulation as she assimilates to her workplace culture. Casting aside her own tastes, she changes her style of dress and diet to fit in with her coworkers. She listens to electronic dance music as she works, nearly dissociating as she experiences an intoxicating rush of confidence and flow. Over time, she begins to numb to these pleasures and stimulations, avoiding or failing to connect to basic sensory experiences. In multiple instances—gaining weight in trail mix, “shoveling” company-catered lunch into her body, missing a gourmet dessert at the Christmas party—she eats but does not enjoy or taste her food. Later in the book, following a trend among her coworkers, she purchases a pair of comfortable wool sneakers that have an air of the uncanny, looking “like a child’s drawing of a shoe, a shoe distilled to its essence”—and leaves them unworn by the door, “a monument to the end of sensuousness” (199).


In her work, Wiener experiences herself as a kind of automaton: “Some days […] I felt like a piece of software myself, a bot: […] I was an intelligent artifice, an empathetic text snippet or warm voice, giving instructions, listening comfortingly” (69). Later, her job at the open-source startup offers greater freedom, but her alienation from her own body is amplified. Working onsite at company headquarters, her physical existence appears abstracted as an orange blob on a large-screen heat map. Wiener occasionally attempts to reconnect to her physical self in intimate moments with Ian, making a trip home to see family in New York, and in one instance attending a rave. However, these efforts fall short in the face of the industry’s larger advance into her individual, social, and political spheres. The enamel uterus pin Wiener wears as she canvasses serves as an absurd and poignant final symbol of Wiener’s disconnection from herself, from the women in the community where she attempts to canvass, and from her larger political and social reality.

Gender Discrimination and Insidious Misogyny in Silicon Valley

Throughout her time in tech, Wiener continually falls into stereotypically gendered relationships and behaviors. Initially, she performs a caretaking role in her vaguely defined administrative position at the e-reading startup, where she is the only woman. Socializing with them one night, she experiences both chagrin and affinity at this developing relationship to her male coworkers: “I felt like a babysitter, a fifth wheel, a chaperone, a little sister, a ball and chain, a concubine. I felt indescribably lucky” (17). This dynamic repeats in Wiener’s customer support role at the analytics company, where she is the first woman on the “Solutions” team. She patiently offers solutions to the frustrated male tech workers using the startup’s product incorrectly. She compares her work to “working a pin through a snarled necklace: slow, deliberate, prone to backsliding,” while she navigates the men’s confusion apologetically and “gently as a tutor, giving them space to shift the blame back to me” (68). While her manager chides her for being too much of a “pleaser” among her colleagues, she finds the habit hard to shake, even in difficult confrontations with the CEO.


In attempting to transcend the role of the caretaker, Wiener finds only other similar stereotypes as avenues for self-expression. Female acquaintances in similarly male-dominated companies encourage Wiener to indulge the gendered dynamic and “inhabit [her] sexual power,” a strategy that doesn’t appeal to her, despite experiencing numerous uncomfortably intimate encounters with the men at her company. She stresses about becoming a “feminist killjoy,” longing to be accepted by her coworkers; she plays the killjoy anyway, speaking up against any incidents of sexism she sees, of which there are many. The experience is compounded by Wiener’s relationship to the CEO, whose paternalistic chastisement in a meeting causes her to cry twice in the bathroom, “as [she] had seen every other woman at the company do at one point or another” (133).


When she finally flees this toxic environment for mostly remote work at the open-source startup, her individual confinement to such roles relaxes, but her broadened perspective on the tech industry reveals that its gender disparities and inequities are deep and systemic. She finds more opportunities for authentic expressions of herself—attending the conference for women in tech, participating in diversity and equity initiatives led by the VP of social impact—but these individual actions don’t lead to transformation for Wiener. As the book ends, she sees herself anew through the eyes of women behind screen doors in Nevada, recognizing how for them she appears as a symbol of a “coastal corporate feminism.”


Wiener’s narration emphasizes of misogynistic language: young bloggers on social media disdainfully comparing San Francisco’s fog to a woman’s PMS; the analytics startup’s product being “So easy, your mother could use it” (67); the CEO’s hollow promise to put more women in leadership roles with no commitment to hire more women. At the same time, Wiener demonstrates, both within anecdotes and in her own narration, the ways that more serious breaches of physical boundaries are deemphasized or dismissed. When she reports an incident of a consultant coming on to her in the office, her manager equivocates, asserting, “That’s just who he is” (117). During a passage about a company retreat, Wiener discloses after the fact an incident in which a coworker groped her during a drunken cab ride home. However, she minimizes the story to a couple of sentences within the larger anecdote, noting that at work she “hadn’t mentioned it—there wasn’t anything, or anyone, to tell” (121-22). Wiener further stokes this sense of unacknowledged violence with symbolic imagery, as in the moment where she speaks to the farmer hosting the rave:

 

I asked what the story was with the lamb. The plan, he said, snaking a pole through the fly, was to spit-roast her the next afternoon. ‘You wrestle her to the ground and spoon her until she relaxes,’ he explained, as if he were sharing a recipe for fruit salad. ‘Then you just reach around and slit her throat’ (222-23).


The man’s easygoing confidence and emotional detachment—and his use of “she” in reference to the lamb—give the reader an abstracted impression of immense, unrecognized vulnerability, which reverberates throughout the rest of the narrative. In the book’s final sequences, Wiener passively bears witness to overtly misogynist sociopolitical events, such as the Gamergate harassment campaigns and the prospect of a Trump presidency, which threaten the safety of women and the project of feminism at a much grander scale. Ending on the eve of Trump’s victory, the book’s closing implies that tech’s outsized power and deep-rooted misogyny are perhaps insurmountable at the individual level, and in need of comprehensive systemic change.

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