58 pages 1-hour read

Warriors Don't Cry

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | YA | Published in 1994

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Symbols & Motifs

Our People

The expression “our people” is a motif Melba uses throughout the narrative. These are primarily references to the Black citizens of Little Rock. Melba uses the expression most frequently when she is apart from her home and finds herself in a group setting. Often the term conveys a sense of relief arising from Melba’s recognition that she is not the only Black person present. For example, when the Little Rock Nine attend a federal hearing concerning Governor Faubus’s justification for calling out the National Guard, Melba notes, “I was glad to see that a good number of the spectators were our people” (63). The use of the term becomes more specifically a reference to those Black citizens who favor integration as the narrative progresses, since some Black residents come to resent the nine for the turmoil that descends upon Little Rock because of the school integration struggle. A slight variation of this expression comes when Melba attends a special Christmas party thrown for the nine by the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority of professional Black Women. She writes, “Tonight I feel love from my own people” (153).


Melba also occasionally uses the term to refer to Black citizens in general. One use of this happens when she discusses a broadcaster’s reference to Little Rock not experiencing the lynching of a Black person for 10 years. From her earliest years, Melba has a clear sense of racial identity. She understands that white people have privileges that “our people” do not yet have, though, as India assures, one day they will.

Diary Entries

A second motif arises from Melba’s practice of keeping a diary throughout the year of integration. She uses quotes from the actual diary as poignant touchstones. Grandma India instructs her to write down everything she wants to tell God. When, as an adult, she starts to set down Warriors Don’t Cry in written form, the diary serves as a time machine that allows her to capture her feelings and observations, transporting her back to the integration year. Throughout the narrative, Melba quotes her diary to emphasize the impact of the events on her teenage self.


After a harrowing experience in which a group of Central football players attacks her and one player chokes her—an event that frightens Dan as well—she confides to her diary: “After three full days inside Central, I know that integration is a much bigger word than I thought” (113). Struggling with the undeserved abuse she receives, Melba asks her diary profound questions: “Can they really be treating me this way simply because I am brown, that's all” (163). The inclusion of quotes from her diary reminds readers of the innocence of a teenage girl caught up in an epic, world-changing struggle.

The Preservation of Dignity

One of the principles Melba and the other members of the nine consistently embody also emerges as a motif: the preservation of their dignity by the Black students. Invariably, the nine come to school well-dressed, speak politely, and do not allow the abuse they receive to interfere with their sense of decorum. The first example of this for Melba comes two years before the nine coalesce, when her Grandma India burns the dress she wore when an enraged white man attempts to rape her. Only when India does this does Melba realize the gravity of what she experienced. She writes, “What had happened must have been truly disgusting to make her destroy my good clothing” (18).


Readers can see another photographic example of the nine’s continual effort to preserve their dignity in the face of the drastic verbal abuse in the well-known photograph of Elizabeth Eckford on the fourth page of photos in the book's center. Surrounded by an obviously hostile, unpredictable crowd, Elizabeth’s expression is the only emotionless face in the picture.


Melba endured an equally challenging experience when an optometrist told her to wear eye patches after having acid thrown in her eyes. Melba decides to go without the patches to prevent reporters from asking her questions. To a large measure, the nine not only managed to survive the school year at Central but did so without losing their dignity.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Unlock the meaning behind every key symbol & motif

See how recurring imagery, objects, and ideas shape the narrative.

  • Explore how the author builds meaning through symbolism
  • Understand what symbols & motifs represent in the text
  • Connect recurring ideas to themes, characters, and events