50 pages • 1-hour read
Susan WiggsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of emotional abuse, physical abuse, child neglect, rape of a minor, racism, and antigay bias.
Marin tells her mother about Colm’s attack, but her mother sides with Colm, who claims Mairin is lying. Mairin realizes, “Mam simply didn’t have the courage to stand up to her husband. She was too afraid he might leave her, and if he did, the Church and the Women’s League would judge her for it” (58).
Mairin dresses for her first day back at St. Wilda’s, her all-girls Catholic School, but Colm and Mam take her to the Home of the Good Shepherd. Mairin sees a bird caught in the sharp wire on top of the wall that surrounds the place. She asks her mother why she is there. Mam says it is because Mairin was disrespectful to her stepfather and because she snuck out to meet Kevin Doyle. She doesn’t want Mairin to end up like Fiona.
As they meet with a nun named Sister Rotrude, Mam reveals that she was cared for at the Magdalene home in Limerick, information that Mairin never knew. Colm, too, admits he was one of Father Baker’s boys, which Mairin knows is a reform school. Sister Rotrude tells them, “It’s the Lord’s work we’re doing for these girls” (65). Mairin meets Sister Bernadette, who seems young and gentle. The Mother Superior joins them, and Mairin hopes she will be like one of the nice nuns from The Sound of Music. Mairin is told she will be assigned a number and a new name. When she protests, her mother insists Mairin will be safe there, and Mairin understands that Mam wants to get her away from Colm.
Sister Rotrude leads Mairin away and slaps Mairin when she protests that she can’t stay. Mairin is given a drab uniform and different shoes. She manages to hold on to Flynn’s dime. She is sent to the office of Dr. Gilroy, who says he has to perform an exam. Mairin has a gut feeling that something isn’t right and fights him when he tries to push her onto the exam table. When Mairin tries to tell Sister Rotrude that Gilroy attacked her, the nun simply leads her away.
Mairin is introduced to the laundry. She is given the name “Ruth” and told not to speak. She meets a Black girl, Odessa, and a blonde, white girl, Angela. They work with the calendar, a large roller that presses cloth. When Mairin learns that they will work all day and not go to school, she asks why no one reports the nuns to the authorities. Angela answers that the authorities believe the Church can do no wrong. Mairin meets Denise, who is a bully and says Odessa is a criminal because the courts sent her to the institution after she was arrested at a protest. Angela praises Odessa’s singing voice.
Mairin sees some pregnant girls working in the laundry and is told they will be sent to St. Francis hospital to give birth, and their babies will be placed for adoption. Mairin meets Helen Wei, Janice, and Kay. Helen warns that Janice is a snitch and suggests that Kay has been affected by fetal alcohol syndrome. Helen is Chinese, and her parents have been detained in China. Mairin admits that she was sent there because her stepfather attacked her. The girls are scolded for talking, and Mairin is warned about the closet where girls are locked as punishment.
Mairin sees a truck pull up to be loaded with clean laundry. Mairin leaps into the truck and hides herself. The truck goes only a short distance when it stops. The driver finds Mairin and returns her to the nuns. One nun strikes Mairin and informs her that all the girls in the calendar room were punished because of Mairin’s infraction, and all of them will be given bread and water for their dinner.
Sister Bernadette feels blessed to be part of the Good Shepherd. Her birth name was Genesee, and she grew up in the Tenderloin area in a poor and unstable home with a mother who used alcohol frequently and performed sex work. The Catholic Charities offered to take Genesee, and her mother signed the paperwork gladly. Genesee was grateful to be taken to the Home: “She craved the cleanliness and order of the place, the strict discipline and constant reminders that the way to salvation was through hard work and penitence. At the Good Shepherd, Genesee found the things in life she’d never had—an orderly world, a community, an identity, a sacred purpose” (92). When her talent for bookkeeping was discovered, she was set to work in the office. Part of her duties are to keep a separate account for cash transactions, and to store the cash payments under the reliquary dedicated to Saint Apollonia. Bernadette doesn’t understand the girls who resist being in this place, thinking they are lucky to be given this chance to redeem themselves.
Bernadette is instructed to take her supper to Mairin, who is locked in the closet. Bernadette recalls that it took her a while, too, to learn obedience and compliance. Bernadette allows Mairin into the office to eat, and Mairin switches on the radio. Bernadette feels a thrill at the sound of the music. Mairin asks about Bernadette’s life before she came to this place, and Bernadette says that girl has ceased to exist. Mairin responds, “Well, I’m not going to cease to exist just because I’m forced to be here” (99). Bernadette hopes that Mairin will find peace through obedience and submission, as Bernadette has done, and reminds her that the real monsters are outside.
Angela recalls how she, too, once tried to escape the Home by climbing the wall. She admires how Mairin has become a natural leader among the girls, who all sleep in the same dormitory. Feeling nauseated, Angela runs to the bathroom and throws up. She was sent to the Home by her Gran, who believes Angela needs redemption because she is attracted to girls.
Angela found a caring mentor in Miss Rachel Adler, who worked at the library and who gave Angela books like Beebo Brinker, which broadened Angela’s understanding of the world. Miss Adler had been imprisoned in a Nazi concentration camp and had once displayed the tattoo on her arm. When Gran caught Angela with her friend Tanya McDowd, Gran sent Angela to the Home. Angela is forced “to have these horrible special corrective sessions with the doctor” (102) and do extra penance.
Mairin comes into the bathroom and they talk. Mairin shares about her background, and Angela reveals that she was raped by Dr. Gilroy. Mairin tells Angela about her friend Fiona and suggests that Angela might be pregnant.
Mairin writes a letter to Liam telling him how horrible the Good Shepherd is. She says there are over a hundred girls. The food is tasteless, they are trying to erase her identity, and she has to work all day at the laundry. She tells him, “they’re hurting the girls they’re supposed to be helping” (113). She describes the other girls and the punishments Mairin is given when she breaks a rule.
One night, Mairin sees Kay feeding breadcrumbs to a mouse. Denise wakes Mairin up and shows her that her letter to Liam has been censored by the nuns. Mairin is slowly making friends with the other girls. Angela told the nuns what the doctor did, and they accused her of sneaking around with a boy and getting pregnant. When Angela is told she must see the doctor, Mairin insists on going with her. Mairin steals a pair of scissors and prevents Gilroy from examining Angela. Angela is upset at the thought that she will be made to give away her baby.
Denise warns Mairin about the other girls, and they are punished for talking. A nun pulls Kay’s hair, hurting her. The nuns think Kay stole the scissors and, as punishment, they cut off Kay’s hair. That night, a nun finds Kay’s mouse and kills it.
Mairin suggests that all the girls cut their hair. They gather in the bathroom and talk about the reasons they all ended up at the Home. Denise hints that she was sexually abused by a priest. They all look awful, but Denise points out the nuns can’t punish them by pulling their hair any longer.
In contrast to the freedom and optimism Mairin feels in the beginning of Part 1, these chapters reveal more of the institutional and social restrictions that encase women and girls, deepening the text’s exploration of The Cost of Contravening Social Norms. Fiona’s example of being sent away because she did not conform to expectations and has become pregnant out of wedlock exposes the shame which attends sexual activity for Catholic girls in this era. This information provides an important background for the desire for independence that Mairin develops at the Home of the Good Shepherd.
Mairin also begins to understand that shame and blame are not equally distributed between men and women. While Fiona’s behavior is considered shameful, there are no consequences for Casey, the boy who fathered the child but now denies his involvement. Mairin experiences a shade of this shaming when her mother tells her she is, in part, being sent to the Good Shepherd to avoid the risk that she too will become pregnant by Kevin Doyle. Mairin finds it unfair that it is the woman whose body is policed and whose freedom is restricted, not the man’s. She finds it a further outrage that she is the one removed from her home and essentially incarcerated to avoid the possibility that Colm might sexually assault her, while Colm, who poses the threat, is neither punished nor deprived. Mairin’s example illustrates the injustice of a system that makes women responsible for men’s behavior.
Mairin gains another perspective on how this shaming works when she realizes her mother fears judgment from the Church and her peers should Colm leave her. In this system of social norms and values, women are blamed even when they are left suffering from a man’s irresponsible or criminal choices. Angela and Denise, who have experienced sexual assault and abuse, provide further proof of this. There is no help for them from authorities: Just as Mairin is ignored when she tries to explain that Dr. Gilroy attacked her, Angela is ignored when she tells the nuns that Gilroy repeatedly raped her and is responsible for her pregnancy. The delivery driver who turns Mairin back over to the nuns proves another cog in the interlocking system that encases and surveils the girls—a web made up not only by the physical walls of the Home, but also by the restrictive social norms that lie beyond those walls.
The bird she sees caught in the wire atop the wall surrounding the building provides a symbol for Mairin’s feeling of entrapment, introducing the theme of The Legacy of Institutionalized Violence. The bird is an image of the pain she and the other girls will endure when they learn that, at the Good Shepherd home, the attempts to control their behavior and enforce compliance with the established rules will include physical, emotional, and verbal abuse. Mairin’s comparison of the Mother Superior to a nun character in the 1965 musical film The Sound of Music shows how the façade of care and kindness is an illusion. The irony Mairin tries to express to Liam is that, in the name of redemption and assistance, this system is hurting the very subjects it is supposed to help. Since the nuns, and not the girls, are considered the authorities of their own experience, higher authorities in the diocese, police, or child welfare system do not believe or acknowledge any complaints or conflicting testimonies. Mairin’s censored letter and her imprisonment in the closet demonstrate how this kind of violence becomes institutionalized and perpetuated.
While most of the nuns, including Sister Rotrude, participate in a system of strict control, Sister Bernadette offers an alternative perspective. Her prevailing character traits are kindness and empathy, but she also provides a foil to the incarcerated girls as a character for whom the Home of the Good Shepherd is “a place of cleanliness and order, predictability and security” (92). Whereas Mairin was deprived of a home where she knew love and nurturance from her mother and brother, young Genesee experienced child neglect and food insecurity. She has reconciled herself to accepting that obedience and submission to restrictive rules are the price for food, shelter, and stability. Giving up her old life, and her birth name, is no loss to her.
Bernadette provides an example of how the institution is designed to work, but she also points to the flaws in the system: She participates in punishments she knows are cruel, and she agrees to hiding cash payments that the institution is supposed to report to the diocese. The Mother Superior’s deceit around their income further confirms that the pious-seeming Home of the Good Shepherd is neither honest nor fair.



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