We Are Water

Wally Lamb

67 pages 2-hour read

Wally Lamb

We Are Water

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2013

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PrologueChapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of racism, death, substance use, and addiction.

Prologue Summary: “Rope-Skipping Girl: Gualtiero Agnello”

In August 2009, Gualtiero Agnello, a 94-year-old artist and gallery owner, participates in an interview with journalist Patrice Arnofsky concerning the life and death of Josephus Jones, a Black artist whose death decades earlier was officially ruled accidental. Agnello disputes this conclusion, asserting that Jones could not have accidentally fallen into the narrow well where his body was found. As the interview progresses, Agnello recounts his first meeting with Jones in 1957 at an art exhibition, where Jones impressed him with his discernment and revealed that he was an artist carrying samples of his work. After reviewing Jones’s paintings—works Agnello describes as “modern primitive” and created without formal training—Agnello arranged to meet him through Jones’s employer, contractor Angus Skloot. Jones explained that he began painting using leftover materials from construction jobs.


As Agnello narrates these events, the boundary between past and present dissolves, and he becomes immersed in memory. He recalls Jones’s family history, including his grandfather’s enslavement and subsequent relocation to Chicago, his parents’ working lives, and the skills Jones learned from his father. Jones and his brother Rufus eventually relocated to Three Rivers, Connecticut, where they worked for Skloot and lived on his property. Agnello describes Jones’s early artistic struggles, including a poorly received gallery show in which audiences criticized the frequent depiction of nude women. Despite maintaining contact for a time, Agnello was unable to help Jones sell his work, and their relationship faded, particularly as Rufus develops a serious drug addiction that Jones could not afford to treat.


The two reconnected in 1959 when Agnello served as a judge at an art festival where Jones had submitted a controversial painting depicting himself and a woman as Adam and Eve. Agnello awarded the painting first prize, provoking outrage among festival organizers, which he viewed as evidence of art’s power to challenge audiences. Shortly thereafter, Agnello learned of Jones’s death through a radio report and attended his funeral, where he encountered Rufus, visibly affected by addiction, and heard others express doubts about the official explanation of Jones’s death. Rufus himself later died in a flood.


The interview returns to the present as Arnofsky engages Agnello in discussion of his own artistic career and personal history. They reference other artists connected to his life, including Annie Oh, whose work is displayed in his home and whose upcoming wedding to Viveca Christopholous-Shabbas he plans to attend. Arnofsky notes recurring figures in Agnello’s paintings, particularly a young girl named Fanny, whom Agnello associates with his artistic breakthrough. He recalls how, while studying in Chicago, he was inspired by a young Black girl skipping rope, which helped him move beyond imitation and develop his own artistic style.


Agnello also recounts his family’s immigration from Italy following the destruction of his father’s tailoring business, his artistic education, and aspects of his personal life, including his son’s career in television production and his enduring devotion to his late wife, Anja. He reflects on discovering aspects of Anja’s inner life only through her journals after her death. When asked whether his art conceals meaning, Agnello suggests that its significance often reveals itself gradually, explaining, “I feel as if my work is coming not so much from me as through me” (36).


After Arnofsky departs, Agnello remains absorbed in memory until his housekeeper interrupts him for lunch. As he prepares to return to daily routines, he briefly reflects once more on Fanny before attending to practical concerns, including responding to the wedding invitation.

Prologue Analysis

The prologue of We Are Water establishes the novel’s themes through structure and perspective. The interview framing implies questions of testimony, authority, and historical record, yet the interview quickly gives way to memory as the narrative is subsumed by Agnello’s private recollections: “Miss Arnofsky fades away and the past becomes more alive than the present” (11). The shift emphasizes how the past continues to shape the present, hinting at the theme of Intergenerational Trauma and Secrecy. By prioritizing lived experience over Arnofsky’s attempted factual reconstruction, the prologue also establishes personal consciousness as the primary vehicle for narrative meaning. This development of theme through sustained attention to individual interiority reflects the novel’s character-driven style, which downplays action or plot advancement. That the novel devotes such extensive space to Agnello’s interior reflections, despite his minor role in the broader plot, reinforces this prioritization.


Jones’s story unfolds through this subjective lens. Agnello introduces Jones as a gifted artist whose work is persistently misunderstood and marginalized within a racist environment. Recalling the social tension surrounding Joe’s living situation, for instance, he observes, “Two Negro brothers living down at that cottage with a white woman? That would have been intolerable for some people back then” (3). His tone is sympathetic to Jones, but his phrasing also distances racism by framing it as something relegated to the past. Besides introducing the novel’s broader concern with secrecy and minimization, the comment reveals the limits of white allyship, as Joens’s remarks partially obscure the very racism they address.


Agnello’s reflections on art further expose this contradiction. He insists that art should provoke, questioning, “Isn’t that art’s purpose, after all? To engage and, if necessary, disturb the beholder?” (20). Agnello’s questions reveal his implicit conflation of two different kinds of disruption: one that emanates from the aesthetic or ideological content of the art and one that is a response to the identity of the artist. Jones’s art does challenge the status quo, but it is his identity as a Black man that makes that challenge so unacceptable to the community. The rejection of Jones’s work thus exposes the limits of Agnello’s artistic ideal within racist or otherwise inequitable environments and underscores the novel’s critique of cultural institutions that claim to value artistic disruption while suppressing voices that threaten entrenched hierarchies. Biblical allusion reinforces this critique, particularly through Jones’s Adam and Eve painting and Agnello’s observation of Rufus at Jones’s funeral: “The snake, I see, has bitten him, too” (21). These allusions frame Jones’s artistic insight as a form of forbidden knowledge or even transgression that is inevitably followed by expulsion, which mirrors how systemic racism operates—as a structure that constrains and punishes.


That said, the novel holds out hope for Creativity and Art in Emotional Healing, positioning artistic creation as a necessary response to both injustice and internal pressure. Agnello’s recurring image of Fanny—a figure who continues to “skip rope in my mind and on my canvases” decades later (40)—underscores art’s role in preserving vulnerability and innocence in the face of cruelty. At the same time, the consistent portrayal of creation as a compulsion rather than a choice further complicates any idea of art as liberatory. Jones paints because he must, and Agnello similarly describes his own artistic process as something that moves “through” him rather than originating solely from intention. Art thus makes demands of those who create it, even if the process is in some ways cathartic.

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