63 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death, child death, child abuse, suicidal ideation, disordered eating, and cursing.
Jess is the protagonist of the novel. She is an out-of-work actress who lives in Los Angeles. To earn money in between acting jobs, Jess works as a graveyard-shift waitress at a diner called Poppy’s.
The novel frames Jess’s character arc around the trauma of being abandoned by her father, Tommy, and the fear it has caused her to harbor throughout her life. The novel begins soon after Jess learned that Tommy died, which has left her unable to seek closure from his abandonment. The fact that Jess never managed to seek that closure when he was alive speaks to the impact that Tommy’s abandonment had on her in the first place. It is later revealed that Jess experienced an eating disorder when faced with the possibility of engaging with Tommy in the years after he left. She had forgotten the fact that Tommy was nearly responsible for her death on two occasions when she was a child. Even after she uncovers the truth about these events, Jess reiterates her wish for Tommy to have been present in her life when she was growing up.
The impact of Tommy’s abandonment is also evident in Jess’s relationship with improvisational comedy. During her first improv lesson, Jess was moved to tears when she learned that one of the cardinal rules of improv guaranteed that none of her scene partners would abandon her. She also sees the improv stage as a venue where she can confront her fears directly. This sets up the end of the novel, where Jess deflects the voices she has manifested into reality by retreating to an improv stage. The novel hints that Jess initially used improv to help her overcome her emotional issues with her father. While putting together her first improv team, she proposed the group name “All Dads Are Motherfuckers,” a name that was set aside for a compromise pick, “Daddy Shoes.”
When Jess comes into contact with the boy, her sympathy for him forces her to confront her issues with her father head-on. Since she is dealing with a medical emergency—having been pricked by a used syringe needle—at the same time, every choice she makes can be framed as a choice between her own needs and the boy’s needs. This dichotomy simulates the experience of parenthood for Jess, putting her in Tommy and Cookie’s place and allowing her to see things from their perspective.
Cookie accuses Jess of being a masochist for putting the boy’s needs ahead of her own, interpreting Jess’s desire to please others as a sign of her abandonment issues. In the case of the boy, however, helping him is a way for Jess to directly confront and overcome her abandonment issues, as opposed to functioning as a maladaptive coping mechanism for them. There are multiple occasions where she considers abandoning him to save herself, but she chooses not to because she understands that abandoning him would make her as bad as Tommy. In standing by the boy, Jess gradually recognizes her own bravery and agency, which in turn helps her break free of her father’s painful legacy.
The character referred to as “the boy” throughout most of the novel is a secondary protagonist. His birth name is revealed in Chapter 19 to be Peter Calvert, Jr. Cassidy’s choice to avoid using the boy’s birth name in the narration gives the boy an abstract quality, which resonates with the fairy-tale motifs that he deploys throughout the novel. His abstraction is bolstered by his ignorance of his biographical details and the world around him, suggesting that he has been plucked out of one world and placed into Jess’s.
The boy has the ability to manifest his ideas into reality. The power is triggered by intense emotions, which is why his power often activates in moments of fear. Later in the novel, however, the boy can trigger his power using other emotions, like joy. The boy does this while drawing puppies and finding joy in the activity of drawing.
The boy initially functions as an objective in the narrative, as Jess and Calvert Sr. struggle for possession of the boy. For as long as Jess can protect the boy from his father, she has the upper hand over Calvert. On the other hand, if Calvert reclaims the boy, Jess will end up injured or dead, as many other people in the narrative who cross paths with the creature end up massacred.
The boy’s narrative function shifts in Part 2, when he starts to show more agency and expresses his disapproval with some of Jess’s actions. Some of the chapters now appear from the boy’s perspective, showing how he reacts to his developing notions of morality. One thing the boy learns from Jess is that nothing is ever purely “good” or “bad.” When Jess explains that she must sometimes do bad things, like lying, in order to ensure a good outcome, like their protection, she frames her actions as being “complicated.” This sticks in the boy’s mind, especially as he tries to reconcile his father’s claim that he is inherently “bad” with his capacity for good. The boy is also haunted by his father’s assertion that, because he is supposedly bad, he is too bad to live.
The boy’s backstory further illustrates the reasons for his complicated self-image. Sometime in the past, the boy used his power to create a friend out of shadows, making up for his lack of social contact while in seclusion. Calvert forced the boy to watch him kill the boy’s friend, an act of violent abuse that deeply traumatized the boy. The boy’s fear of his father’s anger foreshadows the threat that Calvert poses to the boy’s own life, with the boy’s ability to transform his father into a literal monster—the creature—through his fear physically embodying the threat of parental violence that Calvert represents.
The boy’s death is the realization of his worst fears. Having come to accept the moral complexity of the world around him, the boy chooses to look past his fear of his father and return to him out of love. When Calvert uses this reconciliation as an opportunity to kill the boy, it proves that the boy had been right to fear him all along. Jess points this truth out to Calvert before killing him to avenge the boy’s death.
Calvert is the primary antagonist of the novel. Formerly a sergeant in the military, Calvert turned into a fugitive when he rescued his son from military experimentation. Calvert had volunteered for Project Albatross, an experiment intended to augment the abilities of soldiers in combat. Though Calvert never manifested the expected abilities, they manifested in his son, who could affect reality in terrifying ways. It is implied that Calvert’s wife died in labor because the experience of birth caused their son to trigger his ability for the first time.
The boy’s unexpected abilities drive an overwhelming sense of fear in Calvert. Although he succeeded in hiding his son from the law, he struggled to control his son’s power as he grew up. This is why he chose to take a stern approach to raising the boy; he believed that if he could discourage the boy from using his power through negative reinforcement, he could minimize the boy’s destructive impact on the world. Calvert regards everything that the boy creates with fear, especially the friend he made out of shadow. Calvert forced his son to watch him kill the friend, but this only had the effect of making the boy think that he is dangerous and bad.
Calvert is occasionally transformed into terrifying creatures. Some of his forms include a wolf, bear, and spider. At one point, he turns into a cloud made entirely of mouths. Jess initially assumes that this is Calvert’s natural ability. However, it becomes clear that Calvert’s transformations are a manifestation of the boy’s powers. The boy turns Calvert into wolves and other creatures because he fears his father to the same degree.
At the end of Part 2, Calvert considers dying by suicide to stop himself from transforming and hurting more people. He worries, however, that the boy’s power will only bring him back to life, making him incapable of stopping the boy. The fact that he kills the boy because he sees it as the only way to stop his powers ultimately validates the boy’s fear of him.
Cookie is Jess’s mother and her primary source of support. When Santos looks through Jess’s social media accounts, he doesn’t find many pictures of Jess with her peers. Instead, Cookie appears to be her most prominent social contact. Cookie has continued to support Jess during her move to Los Angeles.
Cookie is an outgoing person. The first time Jess tries to contact her in the novel, she is unable to reach Cookie because she is at a party. Cookie has been in several marriages by the time the novel begins. The inheritance from the death of her last husband, George, allowed her to move into Sky Blue Senior Freedom Residences, an upscale retirement home. Despite her extroverted personality, Cookie feels like an outsider at Sky Blue. Many of her peers come from monied families, while Cookie only recently came into wealth. While she likes the social life around Sky Blue, she also hates the branding around its residence because of its implications on her age.
Cookie and Jess have a combative dynamic. Although they often argue with one another, their bickering is presented as a form of love between them, which even the boy is able to recognize from listening to them fight. Out of concern for Jess, Cookie withholds Tommy’s address from her, wishing to avoid triggering Jess’s emotions and fears of abandonment. She eventually sends Jess to the cabin in Pennsylvania where Tommy resided before he died. While Jess is upset by discovering what Cookie knew and did not share, Cookie’s dying plea for Jess not to hate her reinforces that Cookie was trying to spare Jess from further pain.
Santos is the novel’s secondary antagonist. He is an FBI agent who tries to track down Jess and the boy. Santos is motivated by his desire to exceed the expectations of Arthur Allen, the director of the Bureau’s secret division, Department 925. Nevertheless, he has empathy for Jess and the boy, looking for ways to convince the former to peacefully surrender the child into his custody. Santos assures Cooke and Jess that he wants to keep Jess out of jail. This clashes, however, with Allen’s directive to leave no witnesses in his quest to reclaim the boy.
Jess discovers Santos’s true motives when she realizes that his sympathy for the boy is weaker than his allegiance to the Bureau. While trying to convince Jess of his good intentions, Santos compares the boy to the main character of Ursula K. Le Guin’s 1971 science-fiction novel The Lathe of Heaven. Jess later challenges him by asking him who the hero of that novel is: the main character or the scientists who want to take advantage of him. When Santos tries to defend the scientists, Jess turns on him. She causes the boy to erase Santos from existence, which represents a radical demonstration of the boy’s power.



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