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Ranee Das is the embittered, shrewd, and lonely matriarch of the Das family and one of the novel’s main characters. She grows up in a village in Bengal and has no choice but to marry the man that her parents chose for her. A series of misfortunes and disagreements, especially “the miscarriages, the moves, and the money worries” (170), drive wedges between the couple, and Rajeev and Ranee’s marriage is plagued by frequent fights for years. While she often feels dissatisfied with her life, she takes great pride in her two daughters’ education, which is seen in the way that she dresses up for Tara and Sonia’s first day of school in New York: “Ma has been wrapping and tucking the green silk sari around her slim waist. She’s applied lipstick and eye pencil, twisted a dozen golden bangles on each wrist, strung two necklaces around her throat” (49). While enrolling the girls at school, Ranee demonstrates her shrewd negotiation skills when she persuades the principal to squeeze Sonia into the gifted program. As Sonia observes, “Ma always gets her price” (58). Ranee is a lonely character, and her isolation intensifies markedly after her husband’s unexpected death. Much of Ranee’s loneliness is tied to her culture’s gender roles. Sonia views her mother’s adherence to Bengali expectations for widows with concern, believing that Ranee is turning her New Jersey home into a “patriarchal prison” (125) for herself:
Our mother’s wearing white—as she has for the last six months—no makeup, no jewelry, eating no meat or fish. She’s keeping Bengali restrictions even though we’re thousands of miles from India. Which means she stays inside most of the time (125).
Intelligent and skillful but also lonely and bitter, Ranee Das is a character deeply in need of relief and resolution.
As the mother and grandmother of the other main characters, Ranee Das plays a crucial role in the novel’s themes. She is the only one of the five Das women who doesn’t narrate a single chapter. This decision by Perkins emphasizes how Ranee struggles to see that she has a say in her life story. For years, she prioritizes her strict adherence to traditional Bengali expectations over her happiness and her relationships with her loved ones. Ranee is the novel’s most dynamic character. Her transformation focuses on overcoming biases so she can experience understanding across differences and thus heal the Das family dynamics. The racism she witnesses in America reinforces the colorism she learned in her Bengali village: “In India, people assume that if you have dark skin, you’re from a lower caste. Here, it’s the same” (86). Ranee’s decision to shut Sonia out of her life after her daughter marries a Black man is one of the most important events in the plot. Eventually, Ranee learns to cherish her Black granddaughter and in-laws. Ranee Das’s character arc shows how Love and Understanding Across Differences can heal family dynamics.
Tara Das is a loving relative, a sweet-tempered mediator, and a charming performer. Tara’s captivating beauty foreshadows her career as a movie star. In Chapter 1, Sonia offers the following description of her 17-year-old sister: “Tara (‘Starry’ to me) is Indian with black hair. Twiggy is white and blond. Yet the resemblance between them is uncanny. It’s more than the trendy bun, slender body, slightly Cockney accent, and clunky earrings” (11). In addition to detailing Tara’s charming appearance, this passage conveys her talent at transforming into other people. As a teenager, she uses acting to cope with the frequent changes in her life and to feign a confidence that she rarely feels. In addition, Sonia and Ma’s poor relationship influences Tara’s personality by casting her in the role of mediator: “Baba and I live with the Bengali female versions of heavyweight boxers Muhammad Ali and Ken Norton. It’s a good thing he referees along with me, diverting one or the other, telling a joke” (83). Tara possesses a peacekeeping temperament, but there are times when her love for her younger sister spurs her to defend Sonia more assertively. For example, she confronts their mother for reading the 15-year-old’s diary: “My sister and Ma hardly ever fight, but those footsteps sound like a battle’s about to begin” (74). Sweet-tempered and charming by nature, Tara Das is a born performer with a deep love for her family.
Tara is another of the novel’s main characters, and her internal conflicts develop the novel’s symbolism and themes. She narrates a total of four chapters in Parts 1 and 2, making her perspective the second-most prevalent after Sonia’s. Her father’s death shakes her, and her changed outward appearance reflects her inner grief. Unlike her mother, Tara is not expected to dress in mourning clothes after Rajeev’s death. Still, the young woman decides to replace her colorful, fashionable wardrobe with “simple black and white skirts and blouses” (153). Tara’s black-and-white clothes reflect her Bengali American heritage because black is the color of death and mourning in mainstream American culture, while white means the same in Bengali culture. Amit’s love literally and figuratively brings color back into Tara’s life: “I sigh and stroke the green fabric of the sari on the bed. I can tell by the soft, light silk and gold-threaded embroidery that it’s an expensive one” (153). At first, Tara is reluctant to wear Amit’s beautiful gift because the sari is a traditional garment, just as she is hesitant to pursue a relationship with him because he is a Bengali man. However, she discovers that tradition and agency can coincide. She realizes that categorically rejecting everything that aligns with Bengali culture doesn’t empower her any more than accepting all of her culture’s expectations without question would. No longer worried about being typecast as a Bengali woman, Tara gives her future husband a kiss filled with “desire and acceptance and hope” (168). Embracing her love for Amit heals Tara’s relationship with her culture, setting the stage for her to move to India and her success as a beloved Bollywood movie star. Tara’s character arc weaves together the themes of cultural identity and womanhood as she learns how empowering it is to embrace her Bengali culture on her own terms.
The brilliant, passionate, and principled Sonia Das is another of the novel’s main characters. She is eight during the events of the Prologue, and her insistence on finishing her lap even though the race is over demonstrates her tenacity. As a 15-year-old, she provides the following description of herself:
My skin is soft and smooth and the color reminds me of rain-drenched earth. But it’s as if the darkness of it keeps Ma from noticing my assets: curly hair, a round face that makes babies smile, deep dimples in both cheeks, big eyes that notice details other people miss (19).
As this excerpt illustrates, Ranee’s colorism brings her into conflict with her younger daughter. The strong-willed Sonia has clear convictions, and she passionately advocates for equal rights for women and Black people in her frequent arguments with her mother. These mother-daughter debates become even more personal and heated after Sonia becomes close to Lou Johnson. In addition to facilitating her Parisian love story with Lou, Sonia’s success in the French essay competition illustrates her impressive intelligence and writing skills. As an adult, Sonia uses her writing to promote equality and justice: “She’s a journalist who covers women’s rights issues. Plus, now she’s writing a book about girls who are married off when they’re young” (183). Sonia Das is a brilliant writer and a passionate defender of human rights.
Sonia plays an important role in the novel’s major themes as she grows from a child to an adult with a daughter of her own. Although Perkins structures the novel to have several main characters, Sonia’s is the primary voice. The Prologue follows her perspective in the third person, and she narrates five chapters over Parts 1 and 2. One of the most significant challenges she must work through is her complicated relationship with her mother, which provides a significant amount of the development for the theme of family dynamics. In addition, the multi-faceted Sonia develops the theme of cultural identity: “She’s a Bengali feminist Catholic wife of a Louisiana black man. ‘Now that’s American,’ she always says” (268). Sonia is an ardent believer in the American ideals of equality and liberty, and she fights against the injustices and bigotry she sees in her family, her nation, and her world. Her relationship with Lou aligns with her long-held values, has a major impact on her relationship with her mother, and advances the theme of Love and Understanding across Cultures. Sonia also plays a key part in the theme of Womanhood and Empowerment. As a feminist, she finds strength and advocates for women’s rights through her writing. Sonia Das makes significant contributions to the themes of family, love, and empowerment.
The kind, outgoing, peacekeeping Chantal Johnson is Sonia Das’s daughter and another of the novel’s main characters. In Chapter 11, she describes her dance classes and observes that “[m]uscular thighs long, lean limbs and fingers; and a strong butt come in handy for all those twists, bends, and squats” (188). This observation connects to her cultural identity because she takes after her Black father in terms of appearance, and her muscular build helps her excel at Kathak, a traditional Indian dance. Kathak is just one of the outgoing Chantal’s many extracurricular endeavors, which include basketball and chess. Her grandmother, Ranee, praises her “lovely, easygoing nature” (206), and the kind teenager helps her cousin feel welcome when Anna moves to the United States. Another of Chantal’s key traits is her ability to facilitate peace. Fittingly, her nickname, Shanti, means “peace” in Bangla. At only two years old, Chantal demonstrates her peacekeeping prowess by healing the estrangement between her mother and grandmother: “Didu burst into tears, swept me into her arms, and cuddled me close. Everybody bawled, there was some kind of massive family reconciliation, and Didu hasn’t let go of me since” (181). The kindhearted, motivated Chantal fosters peace in her family.
Chantal carries the novel’s themes into a new generation. She is part of the third generation of the Das family in the story, narrates two chapters in Part 3, and is the only one of the five Das women to live in the United States her whole life. With regard to the theme of Family Dynamics and Cultural Identity, Chantal plays a vital role in Sonia and Ranee’s reconciliation, which is one of the most significant plot points. Chapter 11 focuses on her cultural identity as she navigates what it means to be both Black and Bengali. As her father tells her, “You don’t ever have to deny any part of you” (201). Additionally, Chantal promotes Love and Understanding Across Differences. She helps Ranee and Grandma Rose find common ground, and her relationship with the wealthy white Martin Larsen also develops the theme. Chantal Johnson’s character arc paints a portrait of a young American woman who embraces both sides of her cultural identity and helps to strengthen her family’s dynamics.
The creative, argumentative, and determined Anna Sen is Tara’s daughter and the fifth of the novel’s main characters. She grows up in Mumbai and moves to the United States right before high school at her parents’ insistence. The resulting culture shock impacts her in a number of areas, including her self-image: “‘But she’s so small, like an Indian doll!’ A doll? It’s not my fault Americans are overfed from birth. In Mumbai, I wasn’t the biggest girl in my class, but I wasn’t the smallest, either. Here, I feel tiny” (216). As part of her adjustment to American high school life, Anna channels her creativity and textile design skills into a makeover for the girls’ locker room. She persists and completes the project despite early setbacks, such as the PE teacher’s initial refusal to add a more private section to the space. Anna’s determination also shows in her argumentative nature, which is similar to her grandmother’s and her aunt’s temperaments. For example, she staunchly opposes Ranee’s efforts to Americanize herself, which include attending a Catholic church with the Johnsons: “‘Didu! Will you quit trying to be so Christian? Can’t you see how narrow-minded—’ ‘Anu,’ she interrupts, her voice gentle but firm. ‘You have talked. And talked. And talked. Try to listen now, for once’” (288). While Anna’s argumentative nature can sometimes get the best of her, her friends and family appreciate her creativity and determination.
The introduction of Anna in Part 3 supports the novel’s character and thematic development. In particular, she helps to show Ranee in a more sympathetic light. Anna and her grandmother have similar temperaments, and watching them bond over sewing projects helps the reader see how supportive Ranee can be. In addition, Anna develops the theme of Family Dynamics and Cultural Identity. She’s very proud of her Bengali heritage, resistant to her parents’ decision to enroll her in an American high school, and aghast at her grandmother’s attempts to assimilate. However, she later realizes that there are some positive aspects to being American, and she and Ranee work toward finding a balance together. At the end of Chapter 14, she suggests to her grandmother, “Why don’t you wear [a sari] to church next Sunday? [....]. Maybe I’ll wear one of my own, from Mumbai. And join you” (291). As an adult, Anna develops the theme of Womanhood and Empowerment. Just as her aunt uses her writing to protect women’s rights, Anna finds a way to make her own creative outlet—sewing and fashion design—a way to protect women. She collaborates with local textile workers to protect vulnerable women and endangered animals in the Sundarbans region of India: “Anna’s telling Darnell about tiger cubs, and poachers, and village women who work with her NGO to protect the shrinking habitat” (302). Like the generations of Das women who came before, Anna finds balance and beauty in her complex cultural identity and achieves empowerment by pursuing her passions.



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