63 pages • 2-hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide discusses violence, death and illness, abuse, and sexual content.
The Le Cannu pen is a symbol of betrayal and the terrible pain that results when someone trusted is revealed to be lying. Initially, it appears as a minor plot device when Aimee discovers her daughter, Noa, has stolen it from Lisa’s house. For Aimee, the pen is an opportunity to teach Noa a lesson about honesty, and returning it is a simple act of neighborly courtesy. However, when Aimee gives the pen back to Lisa in front of Gwen, its meaning shifts dramatically. Gwen instantly connects the pen to a suspicious, expensive restaurant charge from Anton’s recent “work trip” to Tampa, confirming her fears that he was not there for business. Her internal reaction is visceral: “For a moment she can’t breathe. That was the name she couldn’t remember. The restaurant with the outrageous bill” (113).
In that moment of recognition, the pen becomes the smoking gun proving Anton’s affair with Lisa. It symbolizes how the ugly realities of infidelity and deception fester just beneath the surface of the characters’ seemingly idyllic suburban lives. Gwen’s anguish at learning about her husband’s infidelity is particularly charged because he didn’t cheat with an anonymous stranger; she had been betrayed by both her partner and a beloved friend. The symbolism of the pen has additional layers because Lisa created risk by bringing it home from the restaurant (and the trip to Tampa). For Lisa, the affair is driven by a desire to hurt Gwen and not simply lust for Anton. She keeps the pen because it satisfies the sense of power that the secret relationship gives her, but this ultimately proves her undoing. The symbolism of the pen also aligns with the novel’s exploration of stories and writing (Anton is an author, and Gwen later becomes one). In a metafictional twist, the Epilogue reveals that Gwen was aware of Anton and Lisa’s affair before her discovery of the pen, but in her constructed narrative, the symbolic meaning of the pen still has weight.
The antique pewter candlesticks symbolize deception, hypocrisy, and betrayal. Anton gives the candlesticks to Gwen for their tenth anniversary as a “promise to recommit to the marriage” (15) after being unfaithful. For Anton, they are meant to signify a new beginning, but Gwen finds them “hideous, tall and heavy” (15), a constant and unwelcome reminder of his betrayal and her reluctant forgiveness. After Anton’s murder, Gwen’s attempt to discard them by placing them in a donation box symbolizes her desire to purge his disloyalty from her life. However, her mother, Barb, retrieves them and places them back on the dining table, repurposing them as a symbol of conventionality and the necessity of maintaining appearances, even in the face of tragedy. For Barb, the candlesticks represent the institution of marriage that must be upheld, no matter how damaged.
The symbol’s meaning culminates in the novel’s violent climax. During their final confrontation, Lisa attacks Gwen with one of the heavy candlesticks, transforming the object into a literal weapon. Since Lisa has been Anton’s partner in infidelity, the candlesticks become a symbol of false and hollow promises. The candlesticks ultimately symbolize the perversion of domestic harmony, demonstrating how objects meant to represent stability and commitment can become emblems and even instruments of the violent, destructive emotions that tear relationships apart. In the full context of the information revealed in the Epilogue, the candlesticks take on deeper symbolism: Gwen has also been unfaithful and is not simply an innocent victim. The candlesticks symbolize how everyone involved in the conflict becomes tainted by it and their own lies and hypocrisy.
Anton’s notebooks function as a recurring symbol of his moral and artistic corruption, The notebooks are not tools of genuine creativity but rather repositories of stolen stories and damning secrets. Gwen first discovers their sinister nature when she finds a thinly veiled fictional account of Anton’s affair with Lisa, noting the details are “too vivid even for Anton to have made up” (18). This violation of his privacy reveals the broken trust in their marriage: Gwen betrays Anton by snooping, but he has already betrayed her by repeatedly being unfaithful. After his death, Gwen’s discovery of another journal deepens this symbolism. She finds not only that his bestselling novel, The Last Cyclamen, was plagiarized directly from his mother’s diaries, but also finds his notes from his “INTERVIEWS WITH CATHY STOCKER” (243). (It is later revealed that Gwen fabricated this notebook herself.) This revelation exposes the depth of his creative bankruptcy and moral depravity. The notebooks thus become a chronicle of his failures, both as a husband and as an artist. The act of writing becomes an act of deception, twisting storytelling into a cover for transgressions. The notebooks represent a perversion of authorial expression, where the writer’s craft is used not to seek truth but to hide ugly personal realities within a fictional frame. Instead of being instruments of imagination and truth, they are physical evidence of plagiarism, infidelity, and the cruel, unethical mining of others’ trauma for personal and professional validation.



Unlock the meaning behind every key symbol & motif
See how recurring imagery, objects, and ideas shape the narrative.