And The Earth Did Not Devour Him

Tomás Rivera

67 pages 2-hour read

Tomás Rivera

And The Earth Did Not Devour Him

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1971

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Character List

Meet the key characters, with insights into their roles, motivations, and relationships—spoiler-free.

Major Characters

The unnamed boy acts as the central voice of the stories. He belongs to a Mexican migrant farming family in Texas and works to piece together his memories, dreams, and the experiences of his community. He holds deep doubts about traditional religious faith, keenly observes the injustices his people face, and tries to understand the complex adult world around him.

Key Relationships

Young Laborer under The Boss

Temporary Boarder with Don Laíto

Temporary Boarder with Doña Bone

Inspired by Don Rayos

Fellow Community Member of Bartolo

The narrator's mother is a deeply spiritual woman who clings to traditional beliefs. She experiences severe anxiety and panic attacks, making trips outside her home extremely difficult. Despite her fears, she loves her children immensely and attempts to brave overwhelming crowds to buy them Christmas toys.

Key Relationships

Mother of The Narrator

Employee of The Boss

An authority figure representing the farm owners and contractors who employ the Mexican migrant workers. He frequently prioritizes profit and control over the health and safety of the laborers. His presence creates a harsh and exploitative environment for the families working his fields.

Key Relationships

Employer of The Narrator

Employer of Doña Maria

Employer of Don Efraín

Employer of Doña Chona

Supporting Characters

A father in the community who commissions an artist to draw an image of his absent son, Chuy. He exhibits fierce dedication to his family, showing a willingness to hunt down anyone who takes advantage of his wife's grief.

Key Relationships

Father of Chuy

Neighbor of The Narrator

A community member known for bootlegging and petty theft. While outwardly liked by many, he harbors an unsettling, manipulative nature. He uses his position of trust to pull the young narrator into his criminal activities.

Key Relationships

Husband of Doña Bone

Temporary Guardian of The Narrator

Don Laíto's wife and partner in illicit activities. She delights in frightening the young narrator by jumping out at him unexpectedly. She works alongside her husband to manipulate the boy during his stay with them.

Key Relationships

Wife of Don Laíto

Temporary Guardian of The Narrator

A father who works long hours in the fields to support his family. Because the farm owners forbid children in the fields, he leaves his young children at home. He hopes to teach them boxing skills so they might one day find success outside of farm labor.

Key Relationships

Husband of Doña Chona

Father of Raulito

Father of Juan

Father of María

Employee of The Boss

Don Efraín's wife, who shares the heavy physical burden of agricultural labor. She constantly worries about leaving her children unattended while working and dislikes the violent nature of the boxing games her husband teaches them.

Key Relationships

Wife of Don Efraín

Mother of Raulito

Mother of Juan

Mother of María

Employee of The Boss

A young woman whose father wants her to finish her education. She desires personal freedom and new experiences. She enjoys the company of other men when she travels north for work, resisting the pressure to settle down immediately.

Key Relationships

Romantic Interest of Ramón

Dance Partner of Ramiro

A young man intensely in love with Juanita. His deep affection turns to extreme possessiveness and despair when he realizes she will not submit to his demands for exclusive commitment.

Key Relationships

Suitor of Juanita

Rival of Ramiro

A local poet who writes verses about the lives of the townspeople. He encourages the community to read his words aloud, believing that shared stories provide light and connection during difficult times.

Key Relationships

Fellow Community Member of The Narrator

Don Mateo's son. He serves in the Korean War, far from his family in Texas. His absence leaves his parents desperate for a physical reminder of him.

Key Relationships

Son of Don Mateo

The eldest child of Don Efraín and Doña Chona. He cares for his younger siblings while his parents labor in the fields, attempting to mimic the boxing games his father taught him.

Key Relationships

Son of Don Efraín

Son of Doña Chona

Brother of Juan

Brother of María

The middle child of the Garcia family. He stays home from the fields and plays with his siblings to pass the time while his parents are away.

Key Relationships

Son of Don Efraín

Son of Doña Chona

Brother of Raulito

Brother of María

The youngest child of the Garcia family. She plays boxing games with her brothers while their parents work in the fields.

Key Relationships

Daughter of Don Efraín

Daughter of Doña Chona

Sister of Raulito

Sister of Juan

A young man who associates with Juanita. His interactions with her anger Ramón, escalating the tension between the couple.

Key Relationships

Dance Partner of Juanita

Rival of Ramón

A man who performs in traditional Mexican shepherds' plays. He portrays the devil, wearing a black metal mask and red horns, sparking the narrator's early thoughts about religion and the supernatural.

Key Relationships

Inspiration for The Narrator