Indian Literature

This study guide collection celebrates novels, short story collections, and memoirs from some of the most distinguished authors from the Indian sub-continent, including Jhumpa Lahiri, Arundhati Roy, R.K. Narayan, and Nobel Prize winner V.S. Naipaul. Read on to discover discussion topics and insightful analyses on diverse titles, from an updated translation and reinterpretation of the Mahabharata -- the Sanskrit epic of ancient Indian literature -- to a probing look into India’s cultural norms in A Suitable Boy by Vikram Seth.

Publication year 2019

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Religion & Spirituality, Social Class, Siblings, Family

Tags Realistic Fiction, Indian Literature, Children`s Literature, Poverty, Grief & Death, Trauma & Abuse, Social Class, Religion & Spirituality, Disability, Modern Classic Fiction

Publication year 1990

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Music

Tags Historical Fiction, British Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, World History, Indian Literature, LGBTQ+

The Buddha of Suburbia, by Hanif Kureishi, is a coming-of-age novel that explores significant themes of identity, class, and race in 1970s London. Karim Amir, the protagonist and narrator, tells the story of his maturation against a backdrop of political and social change, as he attempts to create himself, discover his place in life, and grow up. Told in the first person, Karim narrates his life from age 17 to about age 23.The Buddha of... Read The Buddha of Suburbia Summary

Publication year 1996

Genre Novel, Fiction

Tags Horror & Suspense, Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Science Fiction, Mystery & Crime Fiction, Asian Literature, Historical Fiction, Fantasy

Amitav Ghosh's 1995 novel The Calcutta Chromosome is a multi-layered, postmodernist narrative told through the interplay of past and future. Ghosh shapes the narrative through a series of micro-narratives that are woven together through a combination of memory, storytelling, and mystical inferences. The story reflects the tension between science and belief, with science becoming subservient to the mythic forces that underlie the characters’ lives. These mythic forces, such as reincarnation and the Hindu concept of... Read The Calcutta Chromosome Summary

Publication year 2008

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Art, Power & Greed, Self Discovery, Beauty, Appearance & Reality

Tags Historical Fiction, Magical Realism, Fantasy, Italian Literature, World History, Indian Literature

The Enchantress of Florence is a 2008 magical-realist novel by Salman Rushdie. The story incorporates many fantastical, folkloric elements as it portrays life in the Mughal Empire and Renaissance Florence in the 16th century. In the novel, a mysterious European man arrives in the Mughal court with a story which can only be told to the emperor. Rushdie described the novel as his most heavily researched work and The Enchantress of Florence was praised by... Read The Enchantress Of Florence Summary

Publication year 2000

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Family

Tags Historical Fiction, Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Military & War, Asian Literature, World History, Travel Literature

Originally published in 2000, The Glass Palace is Amitav Ghosh’s fourth novel and tells the story of a family across three generations. It is set in Burma, Malaya, and India during a turbulent period in the region’s history. The book opens in 1885. In Mandalay, Burma, the British army begins to descend on the city and dethrone the royal family. An 11-year-old boy named Rajkumar is the only one who recognizes the thundering sound of... Read The Glass Palace Summary

Publication year 1997

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Family, Loyalty & Betrayal, Truth & Lies

Tags Asian Literature, Historical Fiction, Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Classic Fiction

The God of Small Things, the debut novel of Indian architect (Suzanna) Arundhati Roy, was published in 1997. A family tragedy centered on the emotional and psychological evolution of fraternal twins Rahel and Estha Ipe, the novel, set in Ayemenem, a remote coastal town in the state of Kerala in southwestern India, shuttles between events in 1969—when the twins, age seven, are involved in the accidental drowning of their British cousin—and more than 25 years... Read The God of Small Things Summary

Publication year 2020

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Colonialism, Gender Identity, Femininity

Tags Historical Fiction, World History, Indian Literature, Arts & Culture

The Henna Artist (2020) is a novel by Indian American author Alka Joshi and the first book in The Jaipur Trilogy. The story takes place in 1950s India and follows 17-year-old Lakshmi as she escapes an abusive marriage and moves to Jaipur to become a henna artist. The protagonist is based on the author’s mother, who was not able to choose her own path in life but was determined that her children would have that... Read The Henna Artist Summary

Publication year 2000

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Forgiveness

Tags Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Canadian Literature

The Hero’s Walk (2000) is a novel by Anita Rau Badami. It won the Regional Commonwealth Writers Prize, Italy’s Premio Berto, and was longlisted for the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award and the Orange Prize for Fiction, as well as a finalist for the Kiriyama Prize.Plot SummaryThe novel takes place in the fictional town of Torturpuram, near Madras, in southern India. It is the middle of July, and Sripathi Rao is on the balcony of... Read The Hero's Walk Summary

Publication year 1916

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Nation

Tags Asian Literature, Asian Literature, World History, Historical Fiction, Indian Literature, Classic Fiction

The Home and the World is a novel by Rabindranath Tagore, set against the political and logistical nightmares of India’s 20th century caste system. Although the story focuses on the dynamic of a marriage—which shifts when a shadowy outsider enters the lives of the couple—much of the novel reads like a philosophical treatise. There are shifting viewpoints between the characters Bimala, Nikhil, and Sandip, and much of the book comprises their internal and external dialogues... Read The Home and the World Summary

Publication year 2004

Genre Novel, Fiction

Tags Indian Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature, World History, Historical Fiction

The Hungry Tide, Indian author Amitav Ghosh’s 2004 epic, is set in the Bay of Bengal, a remote corner of eastern India that is home to the Sundarbans, a collection of tiny islands linked by rivers. The novel is told from two perspectives: that of Piya Roy, an American scientist researching river dolphins, and Kanai Dutt, a New Delhi translator on a trip to see his aunt.Kanai and Piya first meet on a train. They... Read The Hungry Tide Summary

Publication year 2005

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Hate & Anger

Tags Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature, Historical Fiction

The Inheritance of Loss, a 2006 book by Kiran Desai, explores immigration, identity, and relationships on both the interpersonal and international scale. Spanning India, England, and the United States, the novel details the conflict between traditional Indian ways of life and the shiny opulence of Western nations. The book won several awards, including the Man Booker Prize in 2006 and the National Book Critics Circle Fiction Award in 2007. Desai wrote the book in the... Read The Inheritance of Loss Summary

Publication year 1894

Genre Short Story Collection, Fiction

Themes Emotions/Behavior: Courage, Animals, Colonialism

Tags Fantasy, Classic Fiction, Action & Adventure, Animals, Symbolic Narrative, Children`s Literature, Indian Literature

The Jungle Book is a collection of stories by Rudyard Kipling first published in 1894. Rudyard Kipling was born to a British family living in India and spent the first six years of his life there before being sent to England for schooling. Kipling’s works reflect his colonialist upbringing and support for British imperial rule over India, as well as ideas of European racial and cultural superiority developed in the Victorian Era. While the seven... Read The Jungle Book Summary

Publication year 2013

Genre Novel, Fiction

Tags Historical Fiction, Indian Literature, Asian Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature

The Lowland by Jhumpa Lahiri is the tale of two brothers, Subhash and Udayan Mitra. Born and raised in a suburb of Calcutta, they are inseparable as children, but when they start at the university, their lives take a sudden turn from one another. Subhash is more reserved and obedient, whereas Udayan is more mischievous and impulsive.Udayan is not afraid to break the rules or contradict authority and becomes a member of the Naxalites—a radical... Read The Lowland Summary

Publication year 1991

Genre Biography, Nonfiction

Themes Perseverance, Loneliness, Religion & Spirituality, Colonialism

Tags Science & Nature, World History, Depression & Suicide, Education, Religion & Spirituality, Indian Literature, Biography

The Man Who Knew Infinity is a 1991 biography of famed Indian mathematician Srinivāsa Ramanujan, written by Robert Kanigel. The text closely follows Ramanujan’s rise from humble origins to become one of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century. Joining forces with another notable mathematician in his own right, G. H. Hardy of Cambridge University, Ramanujan produced some of the most insightful, imaginative, and original work in mathematics that is still studied today. From Ramanujan’s... Read The Man Who Knew Infinity Summary

Publication year 2017

Genre Novel, Fiction

Themes Mothers, Love

Tags Asian Literature, Indian Literature, Modern Classic Fiction, Asian Literature, Historical Fiction

Spanning the 1950s to the 2010s, The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, a 2017 novel by Arundhati Roy, follows the interconnected lives of several characters against the backdrop of contemporary India. The novel skips backwards and forwards in time freely, often pauses for detours into the stories of minor characters and includes several texts within the main text (e.g., Bhartiya’s manifesto, or Tilo’s Kashmiri-English Alphabet). At heart, however, the novel consists of two main narrative threads... Read The Ministry Of Utmost Happiness Summary