54 pages 1-hour read

David Szalay

Flesh

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2025

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Chapters 7-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide features depictions of sexual content, substance use and addiction, physical and emotional abuse, bullying, mental illness, and death.

Chapter 7 Summary

István attends a political fundraising dinner on Park Lane, where Roddy, his project finance lawyer, seats him next to a government minister. István sees his wife, Helen, across the room and mouths an apology for being late. He pitches his Rainham development project (his current building project) to the minister, showing computer-generated images on his phone, which also displays photos of his seven-year-old son, Jacob. An elderly woman nearby expresses anti-immigration views until she realizes that István is a foreigner. Entertainment includes a newsreader’s speech and an auction of Tory memorabilia; István makes several losing bids to signal his commitment. After the event, Helen and István’s driver, Samuel, takes them home. At Cheyne Walk, Helen tells István that she will sleep alone in her own room tonight; they have had separate rooms for years. István debriefs with his mother, then checks on Jacob, noting that the nanny keeps the room too warm. 


The next morning, István walks to his office and reflects that the meeting with the minister was necessary because the man’s help is needed to correct a clerical error that threatens the entire Rainham project by potentially subjecting it to millions in new taxes. (Roddy had suggested that István meet the minister and donate to his political party in order to speed up the bureaucratic process.)


At Jacob’s birthday party, Helen’s son Thomas makes a brief appearance. Later, István gives Jacob a bath, and his mother brings him warm milk. At Jacob’s request, István tells him a story about fighting in Al-Suwaira. István finds himself choosing the story of bringing water to the Ukrainians, omitting any mention of Riki’s death. When Jacob asks if anyone was killed, István lies and claims that no one was hurt. Jacob declares that he wants to be a “fireman,” István privately reflects on the opportunities that his success has created for his son.


Weeks later, in Battersea Park, Jacob asks for a dog but is put off when István explains the cleanup responsibilities. Suddenly, Roddy calls to say that The Times has published a story linking the dinner, the donation, and the expedited planning permission, creating a political scandal that is frightening off investors in the Rainham project. To rectify the situation, they urgently need István’s funding share and positive PR.


At dinner, István tells Helen they need the Nyman Trust loan immediately. Helen persuades the trust’s lawyer, Heath, to approve it, but because the amount involved is so large, Heath insists upon finally telling Thomas about all loans made to István—both the past loans, which total £80 million, and the new, larger loan.


The narrative shifts to Thomas, who now attends Oxford, smokes too much weed, and volunteers at a homeless shelter. One evening, a resident of the shelter dies. A fellow volunteer, Lucy, invites Thomas for a drink, but at the pub, she warns him against pursuing her romantically. Later, when Helen informs Thomas about the loans, Thomas is shocked and angry. He tells Helen that István exemplifies a primitive form of masculinity; Helen later reports this comment to István.


Weeks pass. At Christmas, a drunken Thomas confronts István in his study, accusing him of theft, and István tells him to leave. Thomas makes a scene, and Jacob later questions István about the incident; Helen admits to telling Jacob that Thomas has never liked István.


After a fortnight skiing in Verbier with Helen’s sister, Sarah, and her husband, Mike, István and Helen attend a Gagosian gallery opening to which István has invited potential investors for the Rainham project. Thomas arrives drunk and argues with security. Helen intervenes, but Thomas screams at her, and in front of all the guests, he accuses Helen and István of stealing his inheritance and calls them thieves. 


The next morning, Roddy arranges István’s release from Charing Cross Police Station and takes István to a café. Only then does the narrative reveal that after Thomas’s accusation, István violently attacked him and threw him to the floor; István was then arrested for assault and spent the night in jail. Now, István explains he felt provoked. Roddy says the story is everywhere online and that the building project cannot be completed. István returns home to find that Helen is gone; she is staying with her artist friend. István leaves to pick Jacob up from school.

Chapter 8 Summary

More than a year after the gallery incident, István attends a weekly video session with a therapist named Rafe. (In István’s plea bargain, he pleaded guilty to common assault in exchange for a large fine and mandatory therapy.) Helen has since returned, and they are living together again, though their relationship is strained. Now, István responds cautiously to Rafe’s questions, internally acknowledging his hatred for Thomas and blaming him for the disasters in his life after that night.


During a national lockdown which is indirectly implied to be related to the COVID-19 pandemic, István and Jacob ride a quad bike together. István tries to teach Jacob to drive it, but Jacob is hesitant and dislikes it. They have video calls with István’s mother, who is stuck in Budapest due to the lockdown.


By September, the lockdown ends. István has lost interest in work since the Rainham project’s collapse. One morning, Jacob says he does not feel well, and Helen reveals to István that Jacob is using sickness as an excuse to avoid school, where he is being bullied by a boy named Toby. She has spoken to Jacob’s teacher but wants Jacob to resolve it himself. The next day, István worriedly walks Jacob to school; the boy’s expression is carefully neutral.


For half term, Helen takes Jacob to Venice for five days. Weeks later, Helen tells István that Jacob wants to change schools because the bullying has continued, and her attempt to speak with Toby’s mother ended badly. István argues against changing schools, viewing it as a surrender and wanting Jacob to stand up for himself. Helen insists that Jacob is terrified of school—a truth that István has been avoiding. They agree to reconsider at year’s end. That night, they sleep together. Helen tells István she is worried about Thomas; she reveals that he has a drug addiction, was placed in the Priory after an overdose, and he refused to see her when she visited a few weeks ago.


The next afternoon, István talks to Jacob about the bullying. The conversation is stilted and painful, highlighting a new distance between them.


A week later, another lockdown is announced. They spend Christmas at Ayot St. Peter, having drinks with the Szymanskis (the hired help) on Boxing Day. In January, István sees Jacob hiding something under his jacket. When confronted, Jacob runs into the woods and throws it away. István finds a weathered soft-porn magazine. He and Helen discuss it and conclude that Jacob is just curious, so they decide not to embarrass him by mentioning it. István reflects on his own puberty and sexual awakening. 


István and Jacob decide to get a Labrador in spring, and Jacob suggests naming it Kurt. Schools are announced to reopen on March 8, and Jacob seems reluctant to return. On the Friday before reopening, Helen takes Jacob shopping in Welwyn Garden City, but when they drive home, Helen swerves to avoid a fox in the road and skids into an oncoming van. In shock after the accident, István sits in a chair all night.

Chapters 7-8 Analysis

These chapters chronicle the precipitous collapse of István’s meticulously constructed life, exposing the inherent instability of his social standing and the destructive nature of his worldview. As István reaches for new heights of social standing with the inception of the Rainham development project, his political manipulations highlight The Illusion of Social Mobility by revealing that István’s success is nothing more than a fragile performance, for the entire endeavor is contingent upon borrowed capital and conditional acceptance by the elite. In this light, the political fundraiser serves as a stage for his performance, and István attempts to influence the minister by making a party donation: yet another prime example of The Transactional Nature of Human Relationships. This interaction is a calculated move to protect the Rainham project, which represents the apex of his ambition. However, because this entire edifice of success is built on soft loans from the Nyman trust (Thomas’s inheritance), István’s position is deeply precarious, and he cannot help but see Thomas as an existential threat to his entire identity and lifestyle, as Helen’s son by her first marriage has the power to shatter the delicate illusion of hard-earned success that István is trying to project. 


With István’s violent public downfall, the novel concludes its examination of Masculinity as a Defense Against Powerlessness, for when Thomas verbally attacks István at the gallery, he is challenging István’s very identity as a self-made man. Thomas’s accusation that István exemplifies “a primitive form of masculinity” (255) strikes at the core of his self-perception, stripping away the veneer of sophistication. Unable to counter this intellectual and moral assault, István reverts to a basic assertion of power: physical violence. This eruption is a logical extension of his belief that dominance is life’s primary currency, and his response to Jacob’s problem with bullies further illustrates this rigid perspective. Specifically, he rejects the idea of changing Jacob’s school, seeing this as a form of “surrender” and insisting that Jacob must defend himself. With this uncompromising stance, however, István projects his own defense mechanisms onto his son and demonstrates that his confrontational approach to addressing his son’s emotional needs falls far short of the mark.


To further explore the complexities of father-son dynamics, the novel contrasts István’s fraught relationship with his stepson, Thomas, against the idealized future that he projects onto his own son, Jacob. In many ways, Thomas functions as the narrative’s conscience, voicing the primary moral objections to István’s parasitic relationship with Helen and his exploitation of the Nyman trust. Though he is fueled by alcohol and immaturity, Thomas expresses anger that stems from a legitimate sense of violation, and he therefore stands as a disruptive force of truth. By contrast, Jacob represents István’s own legacy and the validation of his struggle for upward mobility. István sees his son’s future as boundless, reflecting that “jobs like fireman have dropped out of the field of possibility for his family” (239) because they are destined for greater things. This ambition, however, soon creates an emotional chasm between father and son. When faced with Jacob’s fear of a bully or his reluctance to drive a quad bike, István imposes his own values of toughness rather than offering comfort, and it is clear that he is not equipped to meet his son’s emotional needs. These stilted dynamics make his shock all the more bitter when both Jacob and Helen are ripped away from him forever by the sudden car accident, for only then is István compelled to appreciate just how important they both have been to his life.

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