59 pages 1-hour read

I Was Anastasia: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2018

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Part 2, Chapters 9-15Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Content Warning: This section of the guide includes reference to death by suicide and sexual harassment.

Part 2: “Friends and Enemies”

Part 2, Chapter 9 Summary: “Anna: Hannover, 1946, 1943”

Winterstein, Germany. November 1946: Anna only has a knife to defend herself from the trespassing soldier, who is a Bolshevik in the Red Army. She came to Winterstein after fleeing Hannover. She has heard that Romanov friends and supporters have been hunted down and assassinated. She threatens to kill the man, who is trying to assault her, and he leaves her alone. The new Soviet Union has been forcibly repatriating Russian nationals, and Anna worries she could be exposed. She wants a place “where she can disappear forever” (105).


Three years earlier: Hannover, Germany. October 8, 1943: Anna realizes that bombs are falling near her apartment building. She sees a parachute flare and dresses quickly, then she puts her keepsakes into a suitcase. She runs for the cellar along with the other residents. The next morning, they find that the apartment building is flattened. The neighborhood is destroyed. Only the Marstall Gate still stands.

Part 2, Chapter 10 Summary: “Anastasia: Exile, 1917”

Cherepovets, Russia. August 1: Gleb sends Anastasia a pear, which brings her to tears. She thinks that she would like to be unemotional, like her great-grandmother Queen Victoria. She feels she’s being ripped from her life. The train travels east, carrying 350 soldiers along with the family’s four servants: Botkin, their physician; Dova, their lady’s maid; the cook; and Alexey Trupp, her father’s valet. Gilliard, their tutor, will join them at their destination. They are allowed a short pause to stretch their legs and walk the dogs. Anastasia eats the pear. Their father suspects they are being taken to Siberia.


Five days later. Tyumen, Russia. August 6: The train stops at Tyumen, and the family boards a steamer. Anastasia takes comfort in her father’s stories as they travel. They pass the place where Grigory Rasputin was born. Anastasia thinks how she was friends with his daughter, Maria, for some time. They stop in Tobolsk.

Part 2, Chapter 11 Summary: “Anna: The Schanzkowska Affair, 1938, 1932, 1931”

Hannover, Germany. July 9, 1938: Anna learns that Gleb has married an American woman. Anna hasn’t seen him in seven years but is still hurt by the news. Her lawyer, Edward Fallows, looks worn out. Anna has been summoned to an interrogation ordered by Adolf Hitler and has dressed well; she thinks that if she’s being sent to prison, she will go in style. Anna regrets that she fell into the trap set by the private investigator, and she wants this affair over with. The four Schanzkowska siblings are waiting for her: Valerian, Felix, Gertrude, and Maria-Juliana.


Gertrude and Anna look remarkably alike. The officer in charge asks the Schanzkowska siblings to sign an affidavit declaring that Anna is their sister, Franziska. Valerian says the last time he saw Franziska, she was pregnant. Anna says she has no children. As they stare at her, she mentally pleads with them to leave her alone. Anna has seen Felix twice, once in Wasserburg, and once before that. He says she looks nothing like Franziska. Gertrude insists Anna is their sister, but Anna says her siblings are all dead. She leaves the room. Edward says that he has contested the suit brought by the tsar’s surviving relatives to settle his estate, and the court has agreed to hear their evidence.


Four months earlier. Berlin, Germany. April 1938: Anna meets with Adolf Hitler, who has investigated her claims and believes she is Anastasia Romanov. He expects that if he supports Anna, she will, in turn, support his regime. The alternative is imprisonment or death.


Six years earlier. Kuranstalt Ilten Psychiatric Home, Hannover, Germany. January 1932: Anna meets Ernest Frederick, Prince of Saxe-Altenburg, who visits her cottage on the grounds of the psychiatric institution. His sister, Charlotte, married Anastasia’s cousin Sigismund. Sigismund has devised a list of questions for Anna, and he says that if she passes, she will have his full support as well as that of Princess Irene. Anna reflects that the last time she sought help, “she ended up at the bottom of the Landwehr Canal in Berlin” (124). Frederick apologizes for testing her. He knows that her stay at the facility is being paid for by Miss Jennings, who had Anna committed to an institution back in New York. He says he can offer Anna a home in Hannover, near the Marstall Gate.

Part 2, Chapter 12 Summary: “Anastasia: The Governor’s House, 1917”

Tobolsk, Russia. August 7: The Romanov family is given the old Governor’s House. It is run down and filthy. Their maid, Dova, organizes the cleaning. Dova asks Tomas to help. Tomas tells Anastasia he was born in the town and there is a museum of torture devices.


Seven weeks later: Tobolsk, Russia. September 27: Nicholas II summons the children into his study and reads from The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle. Their mother shows them how to sew jewels into the seams of their clothing.

Part 2, Chapter 13 Summary: “Anna: The Copenhagen Statement, 1931, 1930”

Four Winds Sanatorium, Westchester County, New York. July 1931: Anna is being released after a year in the sanitorium. The year and a half when she lived in Annie Burr Jennings’s Manhattan penthouse already seems like a distant blur. The new director of the sanitorium realizes Anna has been committed without a proper evaluation. Jennings, whom Anna thinks of as the Heiress, has paid for her care and is now sending her back to Germany. Jennings is a major benefactor of the institution as well. Anna’s file is given to Jennings.


One year earlier. Private Medical Office, Manhattan. July 25, 1930: Anna is distraught that she accidentally stepped on and killed her last green parrot, one of a pair she named Janus. She feels “that creeping darkness that she has fought for over a decade begin […] to smother her again” (135). She has a panic attack, and people break into her room.


Anna wakes in restraints and realizes she’s been medicated. A doctor says she has disordered nerves and wants her permission to administer a new treatment. He puts a pen in Anna’s hand and guides her fingers to sign.


Six months earlier. Manhattan. January 14, 1930: Anna recalls the statement issued by Tsar Nicholas II’s family insisting that Anna is an imposter. It was written after the death of the Dowager Empress and has come to be known as the Copenhagen Statement. Anna stays in her room and drinks champagne. She is wearing nothing but a fur coat at the open window. She opens the cage holding her parrots and both fly for the window. One escapes. Anna runs to the rooftop, screaming for her bird. Neighbors tell her to be quiet, but “Anna does not comply. Compliance is not in her nature” (140). Someone carries her to her bedroom.

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary: “Anastasia: Under Arrest on Freedom Street”

Tobolsk, Russia. October 10: Anastasia feels frustrated during her lessons because Gleb sits outside on the garden wall, teasing her by flashing light into her eyes. Pierre Gilliard scolds Anastasia for sleeping in class, and she throws the chalk. She is punished by having to take chicken entrails to the refuse pile. Tomas comes to help her. He observes that she is different from her sisters and more spirited. Anastasia’s dog, Jimmy, likes Tomas. Anastasia sees Maria talking with a guard named Ivan.


Two weeks later. Tobolsk, Russia. October 25: Nicholas II learns that the Bolsheviks have taken control of the provisional government, and Kerensky is no longer in charge. He realizes Kerensky showed them mercy by not handing them over to the mob and by making them grow their own food, as there are food shortages. On hearing this, Anastasia runs from the room and tells Tomas she wishes she could escape.

Part 2, Chapter 15 Summary: “Anna: The Grandanor Corporation, 1929, 1928”

Metropolitan Opera House, New York City. November 1929: Anna is with Annie Burr Jennings, whom she thinks of as the Heiress, attending a performance of Tosca. The Heiress is following the news of the stock market crash and tells Anna a handsome young banker, John Hammond, took his life by jumping from a window. He made a bad investment and lost everything. Anna tries to hold her panic at bay.


Four months earlier. Siaconset Beach, Nantucket Island. July 1929: Anna and a man, a banker, are alone on the deck of the Heiress’s boat, which is anchored offshore. Anna drinks champagne, which she thinks of as “her drug of choice” (157). The young man, John Hammond, teases Anna into swimming with him. She worries he will see her scars.


Six months earlier. Law Office of Edward Fallows, Long Island, New York. January 1929: Edward asks Anna to authorize a corporation named Grandanor that will ask investors to give funds on the promise of getting part of the Romanov fortune when Anna’s claim is proven. Grandanor stands for Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia. Anna is angry that she wasn’t consulted on this effort. Gleb implores her to go along with the plan. Against her better judgment, Anna signs.


One month earlier. The Ritz-Carlton, Manhattan. December 1928: Annie Burr Jennings is an older, unmarried woman with a large fortune. She believes Anna is a social find and invites Anna to live with her. 


Two months earlier. Garden City, New York. October 1928: Gleb notes that Anna sits beneath a picture of one of her ancestors, Queen Louise of Prussia, but doesn’t recognize the woman. Gleb says this is the kind of thing her detractors will use against her. Anna uses her paper knife, which bears the crest of the Empress Alexandra. The composer Sergei Rachmaninoff is paying for Anna to stay at this hotel after she left Kenwood. Gleb says they need money.

Part 2, Chapters 9-15 Analysis

In this section, both Anastasia and Anna continue to experience displacement and loss of agency. Anastasia is removed from her home and is in exile in a distant place, echoing a move that Anna has already experienced several times and will experience again. While Anastasia’s movement is at the direction of a larger authority, Anna’s transitions—especially her move from Europe to the United States—are similarly shaped by institutional forces beyond her control. 


Anastasia finds a protector in Tomas, one of the guards, who serves as her benefactor. She sees Pierre Gilliard as an antagonist—just as Anna does—but he will prove, like Kerensky, to be taking a protective role. Anastasia also has an ally in Gleb Botkin, the son of the family physician, and this is a point of connection to Anna’s story as Gleb is Anna’s staunchest supporter. His presence and loyalty bind the two identities.


Anna experiences many displacements in these chapters, and they reveal a pattern of temporary refuge followed by betrayal. After she leaves Kenwood, she is taken in by a wealthy New York socialite, Annie Burr Jennings, whom Anna thinks of as the Heiress. Jennings views Anna as an exotic pet, thinking of her as an attraction that will gain Jennings attention and status on the social scene. Anna’s identity remains a point of tension during this transition. For instance, Anna uses a paper knife that bears the crest of the Empress Alexandra, Anastasia’s mother; however, she doesn’t recognize the portrait of Queen Louise of Prussia, which disrupts the credibility of her claim. This dissonance highlights the fragility of Anna’s constructed persona, developing the theme of The Foundations of Identity.


During Anna’s time with Jennings, she experiences episodes that Jennings believes are mental illness and has Anna committed to a private institution; however, the novel frames Anna’s behavior as the Persistent Effects of Trauma. Her isolation finds an outlet in her excessive alcohol use and her affection for her pet parrots, named Janus. The naming is significant: Janus, the two-faced Roman god, symbolizes Anna’s fractured identity. When one bird escapes out the window and Anna accidentally kills the other, the division is a metaphor for Anna’s separation from her past. This also parallels Anastasia’s separation from her family and history. 


Anna, who claims to have lost her family, rejects the Schanzkowskas. Instead, she ends up isolated and manipulated at the New York institution, once again vulnerable and alone. The Schanzkowska affair is an important element of the historical record, as modern DNA testing has concluded that Anna and Franziska Schanzkowska are the same person. However, Anna’s silence during this scene keeps the moment unresolved, and the ambiguity leaves room for interpretation, aligning with Lawhon’s exploration of Memory as a Constructed Narrative


The Grandanor Corporation is another historical fact that takes on symbolic proportions. The premise of the company was that those who invested in the corporation, which would supply money for Anna’s upkeep and legal expenses, would be rewarded with a portion of proceeds once Anna was recognized as the tsar’s legal heir and came into possession of his fortune. Black Tuesday, the stock market crash in the US that impacted global markets and introduced the Great Depression, parallels and foreshadows the failure of this corporation, and therefore, of Anna’s claims. The death of John Hammond, the young banker who invested in Grandanor, shows Anna that her claims are materially affecting lives. 


Even when she is institutionalized, Anna’s continued claims to be Anastasia are tied to survival. When Frederick visits her in the institution with a list of questions on family details, Anna understands that passing this test will determine whether she gets financial support and housing. The novel doesn’t reveal what the questions are or how Anna answers them. This narrative omission preserves the ambiguity of Anna’s identity, emphasizing that truth in this novel is presented through the lenses of trauma, memory, and identity.

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