Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me

Maya Angelou

18 pages 36-minute read

Maya Angelou

Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me

Fiction | Poem | Adult | Published in 2006

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Background

Literary Context

As Angelou interwove prose with poetry throughout her career, certain common characteristics started to emerge. First, given her objective to write a series of autobiographies depicting the different time periods of her life, her poetry also includes autobiographical aspects. In “Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me,” the time ranges from infancy to adulthood, using the reflective perspective of an adult, a perspective Angelou had while composing the poem. In addition to autobiographical elements, Angelou’s conversational style is present in the poem. The use of “you,” which is directed at the speaker’s mother, also feels directed at the readers, inviting them into the story of a mother’s evolving relationship with her child from the child’s point of view. Angelou’s work is also known for its skillful incorporation of metaphors and similes. The most famous example is Angelou comparing herself to a caged bird in her first autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Similarly, the poem title “Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me” suggests the major metaphor and theme of the poem: the mother’s ability to provide support for her child from infancy to adulthood.

Authorial Context

Seven years after writing “Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me,” Angelou wrote and published the final autobiography in her series, solely devoted to her larger-than-life mother, Mom & Me & Mom. Angelou’s relationship with her mother Vivian Baxter started out rocky, to say the least. When Baxter got divorced from the children’s father, Angelou was three years old. She sent Angelou and her brother away to live with her mother-in-law, because neither parent could raise the children alone. In contrast to the poem when the speaker mentions, “For I had a life / Which was only you” (Lines 15-16), Angelou’s life as a young child was much different. As a result of her mother’s decision, Angelou was left with feelings of abandonment, poking out the eyes of the dolls that her mother sent her. In the poem, the speaker actually compares herself to “a broken doll” (Line 78). Baxter only asked for the return of her children ten years later when Angelou was a teenager. The repeated line from the poem “You left again, but again returned” (Lines 32-33) actually suggests a much longer time span in Angelou’s life. Toward this reconnection with her mother, Angelou demonstrated resistance. As a result, these lines in the poem seem to ring especially true: “I spoke sharply of you, often” (Line 65). As Angelou had her own son and grew up, her relationship with her mother changed, and Baxter responded to Angelou when she needed her, even flying to Europe once to be with her. In the poem, the speaker declares the contradictory nature of familial relationships: “Mother, I have learned enough now / To know I have learned nearly nothing” (Lines 71-72).

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