62 pages • 2-hour read
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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of death by suicide, antisemitism, gay sexual orientation, substance abuse, and mental health conditions.
Monika arrives at Princeton in a strange state, commenting about the huge New Jersey house where the Manns live. Meanwhile, Thomas and Katia prepare to move to Los Angeles. Eugene Meyer asks Thomas to lunch in New York. In a roundabout way, Eugene communicates to him that, as one of the most prominent German expats in the US, Thomas must be careful not to make a public case for the US joining the war. When Thomas asks Eugene if he can help secure new contracts for German emigres in Hollywood, such as Heinrich (who moved to Los Angeles to be a scriptwriter), Eugene flatly refuses. As Thomas leaves Eugene, he feels vindicated about the decision to move to Los Angeles. If politics is so heartless and messy, the further he wants to be from its center.
Thomas and Katia build another grand house in Pacific Palisades (an affluent Los Angeles neighborhood near Santa Monica). Monika and Golo move with them. On the grounds is a pomegranate tree, which Thomas sees as a good omen. When he was a child, imported pomegranates were a rare delicacy in Lübeck, and Julia would ration them out to the children. The pomegranate tree and warm climate make Thomas feel closer to Julia.
Thomas visits the nearby beach and watches a handsome young man who reminds him of Klaus Heur. Erika visits the family from London and says that matters with Klaus are dire. Not only does he have a drug addiction, but he was also recently interrogated by the police as he wants to join the US Army. Klaus arrives in Princeton two months later, looking worn out. Erika’s attitude toward him has changed. Instead of being a team with him, as she once was, Erika is condescending and curt with Klaus. Thomas and Katia are careful to appear encouraging before Klaus, but when Klaus seeks out his father’s opinion on joining the army, the conversation turns unpleasant. Thomas tells Klaus, “It is inconceivable that the army would accept you in your current state” (326). Angrily, Klaus leaves for New York.
Meanwhile, the clamor for the US to join the war grows. Thomas becomes more direct and effusive in the lectures he delivers, suggesting that the world looks to the US to quell the Nazis. Agnes Meyer tells Thomas that she got him the job of consultant in Germanic literature at the Library of Congress. Soon, news breaks of the Pearl Harbor attack.
As Thomas’s professional life thrives, Heinrich, who lives close by, is in near penury. Thomas writes him a check so he and Nelly can avoid eviction. Michael visits the Manns with Gret, Frido, and a new baby boy. Thomas is charmed by little Frido and spends hours amusing him. When Thomas learns that Michael and his quartet have been rehearsing Beethoven’s Opus 132 quartet, he asks his youngest son to stage a concert for them at home. Michael reluctantly agrees. Thomas invites Heinrich and Nelly to the performance and is pleased to see them dressed well. As the concert begins, Thomas is charmed by Michael’s skill on the viola and his handsome quartet members. The symphony whips up his emotions, and though he knows that such heightened emotions don’t always lead to good writing, he conceptualizes a novel that captures Germany’s downfall. His protagonist will be a musical composer.
Thomas and Katia visit Agnes and Eugene Meyer in Washington and have tea with Eleanor Roosevelt at the White House. Eleanor lauds Thomas’s speeches, which the BBC now broadcasts. Thomas asks Eleanor to help Mimi and Goschi, but she says that extricating anyone from Europe is impossible now.
At the Meyers’ home, several other guests, including a senator and a poet, are invited to dinner. When talk turns to rebuilding Germany, Katia notes with quiet rage that she has no interest in the project. Germany shouldn’t be rebuilt because ordinary German people are complicit in the barbarity of World War II. The barbarity itself is ancient, stemming from antisemitism that has been rife in Germany for ages. Katia declares that the Manns will never live in Germany again. Thomas sees the others at the table falling silent, impressed by Katia’s gravity.
In California, Klaus meets them. The US Army accepted him. Katia and Thomas are happy to see him filled with a new sense of purpose. Meanwhile, Agnes sends a young Jewish man to meet Katia and Thomas. The young man reveals the graphic truth about the Nazis’ treatment of Jewish people in the concentration camps. After he leaves, Thomas is shaken and phones the assistant secretary of state to confirm the news. In his next broadcast—to Germany, in German—Thomas declares that Germany’s crimes against the Jews will forever stain the country. Every German who is listening must believe the truth about the camps and call for Germany’s defeat in the war.
As the US becomes fully embroiled in the war, anti-German sentiment grows in the US. The FBI interviews Erika about her politics and sexuality. They interview Thomas as well. To escape the tense atmosphere, Thomas plans his book, attending concerts and hoping to observe Arnold Schoenberg, on whom he wishes to base his protagonist. Thomas considers Schoenberg the most important contemporary German musician, since he has shown that classical composition can be atonal (i.e., lacking a tonal center).
Nelly dies by suicide in December 1944. In April 1945, President Roosevelt dies. Thomas is dejected, since he’s unsure about Truman, Roosevelt’s successor. While Roosevelt could listen to nuanced arguments, Thomas fears that Truman may not share that gift. When the Manns hear of Hitler’s death, Katia opens a bottle of celebratory champagne. Thomas phones Heinrich to join them, but he isn’t in the mood to celebrate. He feels that Germany will fall into the hands of corporate America and that Thomas will support that move. Thomas hangs up.
Thomas has laid out the structure of his new novel, Doctor Faustus. Serenus Zeitbolm, the narrator, will be Thomas’s double, though milder than Thomas. Zeitbolm will watch as a more-talented counterpart makes a Faustian bargain. The talented, haunted composer will have Schoenberg’s mannerisms. The setting will be a Lübeck-like place in the 1920s.
When the war ends, Klaus goes to Germany, writing for Stars and Stripes, the magazine of the US Army. He covers German cities in the war’s aftermath. Erika and Golo are also in Germany, working for the BBC and a radio station, respectively. Golo goes to see the family’s house in Poschingerstrasse and finds it reduced to a shell. Klaus uses his army pass to go find Mimi and Goschi in Prague. Goschi wasn’t detained during the war, while Mimi spent several years in the concentration camp at Terezin, but survived. However, it negatively affected her health. Klaus writes to Katia to send Mimi money and clothes.
As Klaus witnesses the events in Germany, his letters home become increasingly irate. He writes about meeting an unrepentant Winifred Wagner, who still speaks about Hitler’s “Austrian charm.” Winifred’s statements should cause an uproar among Germans, but have little effect. Klaus grows even more despondent when he sees that Germans still don’t want to accept the truth about their role in their country’s fate.
In the weeks after the war, Thomas often thinks of his former friend Ernst Betram. He wonders how the man averted his eyes when synagogues were burnt, and Jewish people were dragged out of their homes. Michael’s visit home eases the melancholic period following the war. Although Michael makes acerbic remarks about the book Thomas is writing, wondering what Thomas knows about musical composition, Thomas is too entranced by Frido to care, performing magic tricks like he once did for his own children, even abandoning his writing for hours.
One day, Katia asks Thomas to read a couple of chapters from his new novel to the family at a predetermined time. As Thomas reads the first two chapters, he knows Katia will instantly know that he used young Frido as a model for the child Echo. In the chapters he reads, Echo’s arrival brightens the life of his uncle, the composer, but the child dies tragically of an illness, crying out, “Echo will be good, Echo will be good” (366) in a harrowing sequence. The group is silent after Thomas finishes reading. After a while, Katia asks Thomas if the reason only he befriended Frido was to use him as material for his novel. Thomas tells her he loves his grandson, but Katia walks away to join the others across the room.
While the first two-thirds of the novel establish Thomas as someone who weighs his opinions and their context before expressing them publicly, this section begins to push Thomas’s character toward increasing boldness. This movement often occurs in reaction to someone imposing their view on him. For instance, in Chapter 13, Eugene Meyer asks Thomas to participate in the US government’s “strategy” by making no direct call for the US to join the war. Thomas seems to agree but is put off by Eugene’s manipulative manner. By Chapter 14, Thomas decides that even though his speeches won’t mention the war, he’ll make it known “[t]hat the world now looked to America” (317), thus implicitly inviting a call to action. Meeting Agnes Meyer for the first time since his speeches, Thomas vows to himself to hold his own so that she “would not dictate to him what he should and should not say” (320). Thus, in the novel’s later sections, Thomas is closer to the indolent youth who lazily crossed his arms behind his head when threatened with a layoff, suggesting a full-circle moment.
Katia, who has always been more radical and outspoken in her political opinions, undergoes an even greater shift in this section, as the scene in the Meyer home illustrates. In response to platitudes about a new future for Germany, Katia states that she has no desire for Germany to be rebuilt. She swiftly gets to the heart of the matter, which is that the German people aren’t mere shells possessed by the demon of Nazi philosophy. She asserts that the German people are complicit in Hitler’s rise; the antisemitism so virulent today is “[n]ot new. It is part of Germany” (341). Even Thomas is taken aback at the heat and clarity of Katia’s opinions; he has never seen her become so agitated in front of strangers. In an example of dramatic irony, Katia even proclaims her Jewish identity, which, as an agnostic person, she hadn’t previously discussed much.
The novel continues to explore the theme of Identity Amid Displacement, as various characters feel alienated from their homeland. When Klaus returns to Germany as part of the US Army, he finds his “former fatherland” changed forever. In a letter home, he writes, “There is an abyss separating me from those who used to be my countrymen” (362). Klaus’s vocabulary in the letter—including words like “abyss” and “stranger”—indicates both his sense of isolation and his altered mental state. After reading the letter, Katia fears, in a moment of foreshadowing, “When all this is over, I don’t know how Klaus is going to live” (362).
Throughout the novel, Tóibín describes Thomas’s love for classical music and how it inspires his work. When Thomas attends the at-home concert by Michael’s orchestra, Thomas notes the ability of music to transcend context. Unlike writing, which depends on the reader’s understanding of a particular language, music is an art form that is more universally accessible. Thomas wishes he could achieve in writing what Beethoven did in music: “a tone or a context […] beyond himself, […] rooted in what shone and glittered and could be seen, but that hovered above […] fact, entering into a place where spirit and substance could merge and drift apart and merge again” (332).
For Thomas, his writing momentarily seems to lack power because he can never shed the aura of respectability, fearing “what might take over if he did not exercise caution and control” (333). To achieve the affective heights of music, Thomas must depict a man “[w]hose imagination was as fiery and uncompromising as his sexual appetite, a man who destroyed those who loved him” (334). These thoughts are the first stirrings of the plot of his next novel, Doctor Faustus, in which a composer deliberately contracts syphilis so that he can enter an altered mental state, and thus grow artistically more inspired. Thomas’s depiction of a wilder protagonist parallels his movement toward being more outspoken in public life.
The last chapter in this section revisits the complex interplay between a writer’s material and its ethical implications. The reactions of Thomas’s family to his chapters based on Frido indicate their discomfort with the portrayal. Thomas observes that after he finishes the reading, “[n]o one in the room [speaks]” (366). After a while, Katia asks Thomas whether the reason he befriended the child was to “[u]se him in a book” (366). Her choice of “use” indicates that Frido’s portrayal hurt her, especially since the boy based on him dies a painful death in the novel.



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