Lucy is an observant, introverted Englishwoman who conceals her emotions and past traumas behind a calm exterior. After experiencing an unspecified personal tragedy, she seeks independence by traveling to the fictional country of Labassecour to work as a governess. She possesses a rich, active imagination but constantly attempts to suppress it in favor of reason and practicality.

Madame Beck is the shrewd, capable proprietress of a girls' boarding school in Rue Fossette. She manages her school with rigorous discipline and maintains control by secretly observing her staff and students. As a widow, she is highly pragmatic and values efficiency and obedience over emotional warmth.

M. Paul is a literature teacher at the boys' college who also directs plays and teaches at Madame Beck's school. He is a fiery, opinionated man who frequently clashes with others due to his volatile temper. Despite his harshness, he possesses a brilliant mind and pays close attention to the people around him.

John is a handsome, cheerful Englishman and the son of Lucy's godmother. He grows up to become a skilled physician working in Villette. He possesses a charming demeanor that easily wins the affection of those around him, though he can be somewhat self-absorbed and oblivious to the deeper feelings of others.

Ginevra is a beautiful, vain, and flirtatious young Englishwoman attending Madame Beck's boarding school. She relies on wealthy relatives to fund her education and lifestyle. She cares deeply about fine clothing and the admiration of men, frequently using her charm to manipulate others.

Paulina is a sensitive, intelligent young woman of Scottish descent. As a child, she is unusually serious and intensely devoted to her father. She grows into a refined and beautiful countess who retains her deep capacity for affection.

Mrs. Bretton is a kind, lively widow who provides care for Lucy during her early youth. She maintains a close, affectionate relationship with her son and creates a warm, welcoming environment wherever she resides.

The Count is a wealthy man of Scottish ancestry who inherits a large fortune. He is deeply devoted to his daughter and struggles with the idea of being separated from her.

Colonel de Hamal is a stylish count who captures the attention of Ginevra Fanshawe. He represents the superficial charm and continental elegance that Ginevra desires.

Madame Walravens is a strange, elderly woman living in a dark, ancient neighborhood. She possesses a wealthy estate and holds influence over M. Paul's life due to their shared history.

Père Silas is an elderly Catholic priest who offers guidance and aid to those in distress. He is deeply committed to his faith and seeks to bring others into the Catholic fold.

Miss Marchmont is a terminally ill, wealthy spinster who employs Lucy. She is known to be difficult but ultimately shows kindness to Lucy as she shares the story of her lost love.

Mademoiselle St. Pierre is a superficial and self-centered teacher at Madame Beck's school. She approaches her work with little genuine interest and harbors a romantic interest in M. Paul.

Désirée is a difficult child who often acts out violently and steals from others. Her mother treats her with leniency despite her disruptive behavior.

Rosine is the lively and observant portress at Rue Fossette. She interacts frequently with visitors and staff, occasionally catching the eye of the visiting doctor.

M. Josef Emmanuel is a pianist who gives music lessons at Madame Beck's school and shares a familial connection with M. Paul.